Yan jiaxun's essays
Author: Yan Zhitui
Original text:
It's really cursive, so pay attention. As the saying goes in the south of the Yangtze River, "A thousand miles away, a hundred and eight thousand miles away" has inherited the legacy of Jin and Song Dynasties, and no one is embarrassed to handle things. I was born in the door industry, and my sex is heavy. I read a lot of dharma books, but I learned kung fu very well. If I can't be good, then I have no reason to be good. However, this art does not need to be refined. Smart husbands are tired, and smart people are worried. He is often used by others and feels more tired. Zhong Wei will leave a profound warning.
Wang Yi is a romantic scholar and Xiao San is a celebrity. The world only knows his books, so he can hide himself. Every time Xiao Ziyun sighed, he said, "I wrote Shu Qi, which is a code. The content of the article is extensive and profound, which I call impressive. Just named after handwriting, but there are also differences. " Wang Bao's stomach was full of Tsinghua, so he learned to hate sensitivity. Although he entered the customs, he was also treated with courtesy. He is also a calligrapher, and he works hard on the tablet. He tasted regret and said, "If I don't know books, will I still do evil today?" In this view, be careful not to pretend to be a book. Although, there are many arrogant people. Therefore, "no common goal, no common goal" is also.
Since Liang Mige broke up, I think the two kings really have a lot of grass, and they have tasted ten rolls at home. Only then did we know that Tao's book of seclusion, Ruan Jiaozhou's book of seclusion and Xiao's book of offering wine all appeared in the form of new books, so they were the origins of books. What Xiao changed in the last night was the method of the right army when it was young.
Since the Jin and Song Dynasties, versatile book writers were all vulgar at that time, and all departments were embarrassed. They wrote well, and it was not without vulgar words. In Tian Liang prison, the wind has not changed. In the last years of Datong, fake substitution breeds, Xiao Ziyun changed the font, and Shaoling Wang made fake words, which caused an uproar in the government and the public, thinking that painting a tiger was not successful, but was defeated. For words, only a few points are seen, or they are rashly considered and transferred one by one. After that, the grave was a little out of sight. Except for the Northern Dynasties' chaos, the traces of calligraphy are humble and even more clumsy than Jiangnan. They regard "thinking" as "worry", "saying" as "change", "not using" as "use" and "chasing" as "return". Only Yao works in Kaili and attaches importance to primary schools. There are many young teachers who stay at the end of Qi and write and write as secretaries, which is much more virtuous than before.
There is a painting book Fu in the south of the Yangtze River, which was made by Tao's reclusive disciple Lin Daoren. He is not very literate, but he is careless about the track, trusts a valuable teacher, sends letters in the secular world, and his life in his later years is quite unsatisfactory.
The paintings are also wonderful. Since ancient times, many celebrities have been able to do it. My family has tasted cicadas, finches, white fans and horses painted by Emperor Liang Yuan, and it is also hard to reach. Prince Wu Lie took photos, sat in the guest room and watched it, that is, asked several people to ask questions, and everyone knew his name. Xiao Ben, Liu Xiaoxian, Liu Ling and Wen Wai all suggested that this method was improved. Reading ancient and modern times is very valuable. If official communication fails, it is always a public or private order, which is also a cruel service. Gu Shiduan of Wuxian was born in Dailang, the kingdom of eastern Hunan, and later joined the army in Zhennan County Criminal Prison. He has a son, a court and a calligrapher of the Western Dynasties in China. Both his father and son have the art of playing the piano and writing, especially Miao Danqing. He is often overwhelmed by Yuan Di, so he feels ashamed and resentful. A native of Pengcheng, the son of Bao, was a general in ancient times and a magistrate in Pingxian County, so he learned to be quick in thinking and draw beautifully. Later, he entered Shu with King Wuling and was defeated in prison. So he painted the wall of Zhijiang Temple for the military guards and mixed it with other workers. Is it shameful to let the three sages know nothing about painting and go straight to the vegetarian industry?
Solitary aim is to dominate the world, so the former king now chooses the wise, which also helps the body's emergency affairs. Jiangnan is known as the world's constant shooting, thinking that "shooting by soldiers" is the crown of Confucian scholars, which is not used to it. Don't have "wide shot", weak bow and long arrow, apply it to the target, let it rise and fall, and defend against difficulties with salute. After it was useless, this technology died. The scribes of Hebei who led the troops to shoot did not shoot an arrow directly at Ge Hong. They have been chasing troops for a long time, and the Sanjiu banquet has always been an honor. Although we want to treat birds lightly and cut cunning beasts, we don't want your generation to do it.
Arithmetic is also an important part of the Six Arts. Confucian scholars have been talking about heaven since ancient times. People who have studied law are all wise and knowledgeable. However, you can be smart and professional. There are few such studies in Jiangnan, but john young's ancestors are very good at it. He is the prefect of Nankang. How late is this operation in Hebei?
It is extremely difficult to get the best from a doctor. I don't want to persuade you to put on airs. Xiaoyong, a micro-antidote, is a family for emergency and victory. Huangfu Mi and Yin Zhongkan are also people.
"Li" said: "A gentleman does not play the pipa for no reason." Celebrities in ancient times had many hobbies. Liang Chu, a descendant of clothes and clothes, does not know the piano and lacks a title. Datong is at the end, and the wind is exhausted. However, this music is elegant and tasteful! The misinterpretation of this world, although it has changed since ancient times, is still enough to make people look smooth. Just don't be famous, see your service, sit down and bear the humiliation of a broken cup. Diana Road is still suffering, and the situation is Cao Cao!
Translation:
Pay a little attention to calligraphy skills such as real books and cursive scripts. Jiangnan proverb says: "a foot of letters, thousands of miles to meet;" Good word, human face. "Modern people have inherited the customs of the Liu family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and studied hard on this calligraphy, so they have never been embarrassed in a hurry. When I was a child, I was influenced by my family and I liked calligraphy very much. I have read a lot of Copybook for calligraphy and made great efforts to copy posts, but I can't achieve high attainments, which is really a lack of talent. However, there is no need to learn this skill too deeply. Otherwise, capable people need to do more work, smart people need to worry more, and they are often treated by others, which makes them feel more troublesome. Zhong Wei, a calligrapher in Wei Dynasty, warned his descendants not to learn calligraphy, which is very reasonable.
Wang Xizhi is a romantic genius and a handsome celebrity. Everyone only knows his calligraphy, and other specialties are covered up. Xiao Ziyun often sighs: "I wrote Shu Qi and carved it into ancient books. The articles in the book carry forward the great righteousness. I thought it was worth reading, but in the end it was only because of the exquisite copying that I became famous for my calligraphy. It's really strange. "
Born in a noble family, Wang Bao is brilliant and resourceful. Although I arrived in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, I was still treated with courtesy. Because he is good at calligraphy, he is often written by people, trapped between inscriptions, and practiced hard in the battle between pen and ink stone. He once regretted saying, "If I didn't know calligraphy, I might not have worked as hard as I do today?" From this point of view, don't be conceited because you are proficient in calligraphy. On the other hand, there are many examples of people with low status being promoted because of their good handwriting. So people from different occupations can't plan for each other.
After the books and calligraphy in Liang Wudi Secret Pavilion were lost, I saw many original works and cursive scripts of Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, and there were ten volumes at home. After reading these works, I realized that the characters of Tao Yinyi, Ruan Jiaozhou, Xiao Jiuji and others all imitated Wang Xizhi's font patterns, so it can be seen that Wang Xizhi's characters should be the origin of calligraphy. In his later years, Xiao's toast changed, and the change was to use the official script written by Wang Xizhi when he was young.
Since the Jin Dynasty and Liu Song Dynasty, most people have been familiar with calligraphy, so a big trend has formed for a while. It influences each other among people, and all books and documents are well written. Even if individual vulgar characters inevitably appear, the harm is not great. Until the day of Liang Wudi's imprisonment, this trend did not change, and in the last years of Datong, a large number of typos appeared. Xiao Ziyun changed the form of writing, and Shaoling Wang Jing often used typos; Both the ruling party and the opposition party have followed suit. As a model, painting a tiger does not prevent dogs, causing great harm. A word is simplified to only a few points, and some will arrange fonts at will and change the position of radicals at will. Since then, literature and books have been almost unreadable. After a long period of chaos in the Northern Dynasties, the handwriting was ugly, even more vulgar and clumsy than that in Jiangnan. So that the word "worry" is replaced by the combination of "hundred" and "thinking", the word "change" is replaced by the combination of "speech" and "opposition", the word "stop" is replaced by the combination of "not" and "back" is replaced by the combination of "chasing" and "coming". Such a situation is not unique, and it can be seen everywhere in books. Only Yao is good at regular script and official script, and devoted himself to the study of exegetics. There are many classmates who follow him. By the end of the Northern Qi Dynasty, the fonts copied by officials in charge of ancient books and documents were much better than before.
There is a book "Painting Book Fu" circulating in the south of the Yangtze River, which was written by Tao's reclusive disciple Du Daoshi. This man doesn't know much about Chinese characters. He rashly sets the rules of fonts and pretends to be a famous teacher. The world takes the wrong information seriously, which is very misleading.
Being good at drawing is also a good thing. Many celebrities in ancient times had this ability. My family used to have cicadas, finches, round fans and horses painted by Emperor Liang Yuan himself, which were also beyond others' reach. Xiao Fang, the eldest son of Emperor Liang Yuan, is good at drawing portraits of people and guests present. He can draw a few lifelike figures with just a touch of a pen. I asked the children with the portrait. The children all pointed out the names of the characters in the painting. Besides being proficient in academic articles, there are Xiao Ben, Liu Xiaoxian and Liu Ling who are good at painting. Appreciating the famous paintings of ancient and modern times is really addictive. But if people who are good at painting are not yet officials, then painting will often be ordered by the public or private, and painting will become an inferior job. Gu Shiduan, a servant of Xiangdong Kingdom in Wuxian County, later joined the army in Zhennanfu Prison. He has a son named Gu Ting, a calligrapher of Emperor Liang Yuan. Both father and son are familiar with piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, and they are often used by Emperor Liang Yuan, and they often feel ashamed and sorry. There is a Liu Yue in Pengcheng, who is the son of Wei Liu. He used to be a title of generals in ancient times and a magistrate of Pingxian county. He is brilliant and his painting skills are frank and unique. Later, he followed King Wuling to Shu and was defeated and imprisoned. He was taken to the temple in Zhijiang by the Lu National Guard and painted murals with those craftsmen. If these three talented people didn't know how to draw at the beginning, they have only devoted themselves to lofty and elegant causes, how could they be so humiliated?
The use of bows and arrows can shock the world. Ancient emperors used archery to examine people's virtue and select talents. At the same time, saving lives is also a top priority. People in Jiangnan regard archery, a universal thing in the world, as the archery of Beowulf, so refined people refuse to learn it. In addition, there is an archery competition. The bow is weak, the arrow is long and has an arrow target. When the host and guest meet, they are gentle and courteous, bow to each other and hold a shooting ceremony. This kind of archery is not conducive to defending the enemy. Nobody played this kind of shooting after the war. Most northern literati can "lead troops to shoot arrows". Not only Ge Hong can kill thieves with one arrow, but also the winners of archery are often given at banquets of three public officials and nine public officials. The skill of archery is related to honor and reward. Even so, I still don't want you to do such a thing of hunting birds and animals with archery.
Arithmetic is also an important aspect of the Six Arts. Since ancient times, scholars must be proficient in arithmetic when talking about astronomy and inferring calendars. However, you can learn arithmetic while learning other skills, and don't specialize in it. Few people in Jiangnan are familiar with arithmetic. Only Zuheng of Fan Fu is proficient. His official position is the prefect of Nankang, and most northerners are familiar with arithmetic.
It is extremely difficult to reach a high standard in medicine. I don't encourage you to promise yourself that you will see a doctor. Know a little about medicinal properties, know a little about dispensing methods, and live at home to deal with emergencies. Huangfu Mi and Yin Zhongkan are such people.
The Book of Rites and Music says, "A gentleman does not move his harp for no reason." Since ancient times, most celebrities have loved music. In the early Liang Dynasty, if the children of nobles didn't know how to play the piano and harp, they would be considered to have shortcomings. This trend has ceased to exist since the last years of Datong. However, music is harmonious and beautiful, very elegant and meaningful! Although the lyrics of the present piano music have evolved from ancient times, they are still enough to make people feel comfortable. Just don't be famous for being good at music, so you will be enslaved by powerful people and play for others in the next seat, thus getting leftovers and being humiliated. What happened to Diane Road? What about you? "