The politics of the Eastern Jin Dynasty is a typical door-to-door politics. Rich and powerful families take turns to control state affairs, and emperors often become puppets. So at that time, there was a saying that "the king and the horse, * * * the world" ("Biography of Wang Dun in the Book of Jin"), which meant that the Wang family of Shandong Langxie, headed by Wang Dao and Wang Dun, could compete with the royal family of Sima, and * * * the world. Wang Ziyou is the nephew of Prime Minister Wang Dao. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he was born in the first rich family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Regardless of material life or culture, he really wanted to get wind and rain.
Such aristocratic children will become so-called "dude" if they don't study hard and do nothing all day. Zhang Zi, the Analects of Confucius, recorded a sentence by Zhang Zi, a disciple of Confucius: "It is not great to uphold virtue. Without good channels, how can there be? How can it be okay? " It means: people who are kind but don't carry forward, who believe and are unfaithful, are like him but not like him. "With him, there is nothing like him" is very similar to the image of "redundant person" in western literature. Wang Zi, who was born in noble family but had no ambition, was an "unnecessary person" in his time, that is, an "unnecessary person". But wait a minute, it is this Wang Ziyou who wrote a human myth with his extraordinary behavior and lifestyle. His myth belongs not to morality, but to aesthetics; This is not politics, but art. We can even say that Wang Ziyou is an "action art", and he is famous for his maverick.
Ren da's birthday
The Story of Ren Xinyu's Birthday Gate records the absurd stories and strange opinions of many famous people in Wei and Jin Dynasties. As the name implies, "Ren Dan" means to be a great student.
Rendan
On one occasion, Wang Zi was called to Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), and his boat docked at Qingxi Wharf. Huan Yi happened to pass by the shore, and Wang didn't know him. A guest on the boat said, "This man is king." Huan Yi, word Xia Shu, word, word. Qiao Guo, a native of Hammer County (now Suixi County, Anhui Province), is the son of Huan Jing. In the Battle of Feishui, Huan Yi, Xie Xuan and Xie Shi led the northern government troops to fight and defeated the former Qin army. Huan Yi was named the marquis of Yongxiu County (now Jiangxi) for his meritorious military service and became a general of the right army.
Huan Yi not only knew how to fight, but also was a leading musician at that time, especially good at playing the flute. Ren Xinyu's Birthday was published for 42 years: "Every time Huan hears Qing songs, he needs to shout,' What should I do!'" Hearing this, Xie Gong said,' Ye Zi has always been affectionate. "Qingge is a sad song with a piercing tone. Huan Yi shouted, "What should I do? Every time he hears Qing songs, he is extremely sentimental, which shows that he not only has a high understanding of music, but also attaches great importance to it, so Xie An calls him "affectionate". The idiom "deep love" comes from this.
Let's talk about it I heard that the man on the shore was actually Huan Yi, so I ordered someone to go to the shore and say to Huan Yi, "Wenjun Mountain plays the flute, please try to play it for me." Huan Yi is now a senior official, but he knows his son's name, and he doesn't care about such an abrupt invitation. He immediately got off and boarded the boat, sat on the Hu bed, took out his flute and blew it. The flute is clear and beautiful. It is said that the tune he played was the famous "Three Lane of Plum Blossoms". After that, Huan Yi immediately got on the bus and left. In the whole process, "the guest and the host didn't say a word" (Ren Dan 49). In today's words, the behavior of these two people is simply "cool"! They don't care about the secular red tape, and their whole body and mind are immersed in the melodious flute sound. I'm afraid only Jin people have a unique aesthetic life! Du Mu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, traced this story back to Myanmar in Two Poems of Runzhou:
Generally, the Southern Dynasties were broad-minded, and the poor Eastern Jin Dynasty was the most romantic. Yue Ming wants to wash clothes here, and when he hears it, he blows out his worries.
Raw bamboo
Wang Ziyou
From today's perspective, Wang Ziyou is an out-and-out eccentric, and many of his behaviors make people laugh and cry. For example, once, he happened to stay in someone else's empty house for a while. As soon as he got home, he asked his family to grow bamboo. Someone asked inexplicably: "Why bother to stay temporarily?" -Only temporarily. Why bother? Wang Ziyou whistled and sang for a long time, then pointed to the bamboo and said, "How can there be a day without this gentleman!" -How can I live without this gentleman? ("Shi Shuo Ren Xinyu Dan" 46, the next quotation no longer notes the title, only the title and serial number) Most of the later literati have a kind of bamboo magnanimity, which should be thanked by Wang Ziyou. It can be said that Wang Ziyou was the first "image spokesperson" of bamboo in ancient and modern times.
Sima Guang, a great historian in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "Zhi Zhu Zhai". The first four sentences say: I love it, and I also borrow lent to grow bamboo. One day is indispensable, and chic is always in sight.
Su Shi also wrote a poem "Yu Qian and monk Lu Yunxuan": It is better to eat without meat than to live without bamboo. Without meat, people are thin today, without bamboo, they are vulgar. People are thin and fat, but most people are incurable.
There is another "unusual" place in Wang Zi's bamboo. Shi Shuo Xin Yu has a name called Zhen 'ao, which means Zhen 'ao. There is a record that Wang Ziyou passed through Wuzhong (now Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province) one day and saw a scholar-bureaucrat's yard planted with good bamboo, so he went in to enjoy it like no one's watching. Knowing that Wang Ziyou likes bamboo, the master has cleaned the hall to prepare for the reception. It never occurred to him that he would leave without saying hello. The host was also unambiguous, and immediately ordered his family to close the door and implement "martial law for the whole family" and insisted on staying. Wang Zi, who was originally bold and unrestrained, was very appreciative of his master's actions, so he "sat back and left" (Jane's Pride 16).
The story seems funny, but it is meaningful, which shows that in Wang Ziyou's eyes, the pure aesthetics of natural things such as bamboo planting is far more important than secular interpersonal relationships. Therefore, Wang Ziyou likes bamboo, which is by no means arty, but almost obsessed. Later, Wang Wei, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, used this argot in a poem: "When you get to the door, you can't talk about birds. Why do you ask your master when you look at bamboo?" Good sentence "Look at bamboo, why ask the master"! This is a spirit of freedom that only Jin people have! Imagine that bamboo is a kind of thing, born between heaven and earth, belonging to nature and nature. If the owner doesn't appreciate it, it's useless to have more bamboo. Conversely, if passers-by know how to appreciate, won't passers-by be the master?
Political experience
In Jane's Pride, two other articles recorded the political experience of Wang Zi-you. One of them said that Wang Ziyou had been a cavalry in Huanchong Shogunate (328-384). This official is mainly responsible for the feeding and supply of horses, a bit like "Bi Marvin" in the Monkey King. But Wang Ziyou is a really smart official. He idles around all day and doesn't ask about business. Once, Huan Chong asked him, "Which department do you work in?"
Wang replied, "I don't know which department it is in." However, I often see someone holding a horse, probably a manger. "
Huan Chong asked again, "How many soldiers and horses are there in the imperial court?"
Wang Ziyou replied, … How can we know the number of horses if we don't ask them? "This" Don't Ask the Horse "has a source." "The Analects of Confucius and the Rural Party" says: "When the stables burn, Zi will retire from the DPRK:' Is it harmful to others?' "Don't ask the horse, said the stable was on fire. Confucius rushed back and asked, "Will anyone get hurt? "But don't ask about the casualties of horses. Here, Wang Ziyou skillfully quoted this allusion and said, "How do you know how many horses didn't ask them? "This is absolutely shocking!
Huan Chong was really puzzled and asked, "How many horses have died recently?"
This time, Wang Ziyou gave a better answer. He said, … If you don't know about life, how do you know about death? ... (Jane Eyre 1 1)
This is advanced from the Analects of Confucius. On one occasion, Luz asked Confucius what "death" was. Confucius, who always paid attention to reality and never said "Machamp's confusion", replied these six words, meaning: If you don't know the meaning of existence, how can you know death? Wang Ziyou quoted it just right, but the meaning changed and it became: "I don't know how many live horses there are, how can I know how many dead horses there are?" The implication is that as a leader, you are really "unclear"!
Perhaps Huan Chong was very dissatisfied with his attitude of "ruling for himself" and found another opportunity to remind him: "You have been in my shogunate for a long time, and it is time to take care of things for me recently." But what about Wang Ziyou? But turned a deaf ear, as if nothing had happened, just looked at the high distant mountain and pulled his cheek with his hand and said, "The morning in Xishan is really refreshing!" " "(Jane's Pride 13) This is really the standard" Wang Gu talks about him "!
This is Wang Ziyou. It is appropriate to describe him as a vegetarian, cynical and arrogant person. Nevertheless, Wang Ziyou succeeded in becoming an assistant minister of Huangmen, but he soon resigned and retired.
Spontaneous action
Visiting Dai on a snowy night
The story happened when he lived in seclusion in the mountains. Yin Shan, which is Shaoxing in Zhejiang today. The language of this story is beautiful, so we might as well read it separately:
Wang Ziyou lives in the shade, and it snows heavily at night. He slept, checked in, drank, and looked around.
We can imagine such a picture: at midnight, the mountains are covered with snow, everything is silent, and the scenery is really beautiful, whether in the distance or by the water! That guy named Wang Zi woke up in the middle of the night and couldn't sleep anymore. Bored, he slowly strolled to the front hall, opened the door and a cold wind rushed in. Wang Ziyou got a tingle and walked outside through the cloister. Standing in the snow, looking at the anxiety around me, I couldn't help shaking my head.
The word "drinking at will" is actually not simple. As soon as we started, we separated the "Wei-Jin demeanor" from our daily life. What is a celebrity? According to Wang Xiaobo (a maharaja) in the Jin Dynasty.
Celebrities are not necessarily wizards, but they can also be called celebrities if they often have nothing to do, drink and read Li Sao. ("Ren Dan" 53)
Celebrities don't have to have any wizards, as long as they are always idle, can drink bitter and are familiar with Li Sao, they can be called "celebrities"! In other words, celebrities must meet the following three conditions: leisure, money and education. If this is a multiple-choice question, the answer is choose all, choose one out of three or choose two out of three, all of which are wrong. Therefore, later generations envy the demeanor of the Jin people, scrambling to follow suit, but they can't help but learn from others.
However, this is the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and it is in Wang Zi's home. Today, we never dreamed that Wang Ziyou would have been comfortable. In a short time, the best wine has been served on the prepared small wine table, and the side dishes and snacks must be placed in a patchwork. The servants yawned. Under the sky and in the snow, there was only one person named Wang Zi. Look at the next paragraph:
Because of hesitation, I recited Zuo Si's poem "Tibet". Suddenly I remembered Diane Road. Wear it at all times, even if you take a boat at night.
Let's continue to imagine that with the snow scene, Wang Ziyou poured himself several glasses of wine, and he felt more and more interested and unstoppable. This kind of situation, the universe has always been there and many people don't know it. How can we not remind people of ancient affairs? Looking at the empty water in the shadow of a mountain, Wang Ziyou couldn't help standing up and strolling in the courtyard, reciting the poems of Zhao Yin, a former poet, in a clear voice. Suddenly, I thought of Dai Kui, a single county in the upper reaches of Cao 'e River, and immediately went by boat overnight.
When I arrived at Sufang, I built the door and didn't return. When people asked him why, the king said, "I left on impulse and came back exhausted." Why should I wear it? "
Visiting Dai on a snowy night
The ship walked all night before reaching Shengzhou. I don't know if it's because I worked hard all night. Arrived in front of Dai's house. It was already dawn, but his interest was gone, so he turned and went home. People will naturally be confused about Wang Zi's behavior. Wang Ziyou is a real man.