(1) Flower Theater
It was originally called Daguandi Temple, also known as Shanshan Guild Hall. Because the theater is full of dramas and brightly painted, it is commonly known as the Flower Theater. Located in the northwest corner of Beiguan, Baocheng, with a construction area of ??3163 square meters, it was built with funds raised by Shanxi medicine merchants Wang Bi, Zhu Kongling and others in the 13th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1656). In 1961 and 1979, the provincial and county governments allocated funds for maintenance. In September 1961, it was announced as a provincial key cultural relic protection unit by the Anhui Provincial People's Committee.
The main building of the Flower Theater is the main hall, with the theater as a auxiliary lining. The main hall is about 10 meters high, with Mingxuan and Anxuan in front. The three rooms of Mingxuan are in a five-shelf structure. The back is the main hall, which is the place where the main god Guan Yu is worshipped. Opposite the main hall is the theater building, which was built in the 15th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1676). It faces south and faces north, with the stage protruding in front in a "convex" shape. In the middle of the stage, there are four golden characters written "Performing Ancient Style and Present", and a wooden couplet is hung on the front pillar. On the right is "A Yangchun Song Awakens the Dreams of the Present and Ancient", and on the left is "Two Appearances Performing Full Loyalty and Adultery". On the east side of the theater building is the bell tower, on the west side is the drum tower, and in the middle of the two floors is the front door. It is a three-story archway-style water-milled brick building with imitation wood structure, with exquisite brick carvings inlaid in it. The Flower Theater is world-famous for its brick carvings, wood carvings, paintings and luxurious architectural styles. It represents the architectural sculpture art style of the early Qing Dynasty and is a representative work of architectural art in the prosperous Qing Dynasty. It is of great value to the study of Qing Dynasty architecture and drama.
Wood carvings Huaxilou wood carvings are divided into two categories: large wood openwork carvings and ordinary wood carvings. Among them, large wood openwork carvings have the highest artistic value.
Large wooden openwork carvings: inlaid on the outside of the large pillars of the stage, with 18 original carvings of Three Kingdoms dramas: "Chang Ban Slope", "Empty City Strategy", "Confucian Confucianism", "Seven Captures of Meng Huo", " "Shangfang Valley", "Three Qi Zhou Yu", "Cao Cao Assassins Dong Zhuo", "Fighting Ma Chao at Night", "Beating Drums and Scolding Cao", "Cutting off the Beard and Abandoning the Robe", "Cao Cao Fighting Lu Bu in Puyang", "Xu Chu Naked Fighting Ma Chao", " "Jiang Qian stole the book", "Zhuge used tactics to defeat the Qiang soldiers", "Lü Bu assassinated Dingyuan", "Zhuge Liang outsmarted three cities", "Zhang Song rebelled against Yang Xiu", "Kan Ze secretly presented a letter of surrender", etc. The figures are vivid and lifelike, showing superb painting and sculpture skills. For example, "Changban Slope" is three levels deep, with 23 carved figures and 13 war horses. Zhao Zilong holds a red tassel spear in his left hand and a golden rainbow sword in his right hand. He holds Adou in his arms and is full of energy. His blood-stained shirt looks like he is hearing the shouts of thousands of people and the neighing of war horses. "Shangfang Valley" is still and dynamic. In one picture, it not only depicts the facial expressions of various characters, but also shows the intersection of wind, thunder, rain, electricity and fire, which has a strong artistic appeal.
Other wood carvings: The theater also has other wood carvings of Three Kingdoms dramas and character stories, animals, plants, flowers, etc. The dramas of the Three Kingdoms include: "Three Heroes Fight Lu Bu", "Riding Alone for Thousands of Miles", "Yang Ping Pass", "Huarong Dao", "Lian Lian Ji" and "Feng Yi Pavilion". wait. There are 12 character stories including: "Picture of Eight Immortals", "Zhu Hongwu Herding Cows", "Gexian Refining Alchemy", "Tieguai Li Burning His Body", "Dongfang Shuo Stealing Peach". Animals include: crane, deer, dragon, phoenix, Pegasus, tiger, rhinoceros, evil spirit, Kailu, celestial phenomenon, unicorn, lion, turtle, oriole, cuckoo, etc. Plants and flowers include: chrysanthemums, peonies, lotus, etc. All are carved with accurate images and appropriate proportions.
Colored paintings include dramas and anecdotes. Such as "Three Thieves of Banana Fans", "Recommending Zhuge on Horseback", "Borrowing the Straw Boat", "Bitter Meat Strategy", "Zhuge Sacrifices to the Wind", "Making a Routine on Changban Slope", "Burning the Warship", "Horse Jumping over the Tan River" , "Zhang Sengxian painted a dragon", "Wu Daozi painted a tiger", "Zhuge Liang defeated the Wei soldiers", "Zhao Zilong killed five generals", "Liu Bei paid homage to Qiao", "Qin Qiong showed his merits", "Watching the Spring and Autumn Period at Night", " "King Wen Pulls Fibers", "Bo Ya Throws His Qin to Thank His Bosom friend", etc., are colorful and lifelike. There are 9 colorful paintings on the caisson on the top of the stage, which is even more graceful and magnificent. They are "dragon and phoenix present auspiciousness", "everything is renewed", "lin spitting jade book", "joyful brows", "attracting wealth", "all goes well", "longevity and longevity", "crane dancing in the morning sun", " "Lu Zhi Xian Longevity" and so on.
The brick carvings are concentrated on the water-milled brick wall of the front door, and they are all three-dimensional openwork carvings. *** There are 115 carved figures, 33 birds, 67 wolves, tigers, lions, deer, apes and other animals, and there are many buildings, platforms, halls, pavilions and pavilions. The knife technique is exquisite, the texture is vivid, exquisite and translucent, and it is ingenious; especially the picture processing, the composition is novel and unique, which fully embodies the Huizhou style of art. The sculptor cleverly used the angle of the observer looking up to create a richly layered scene with a thickness of only a few centimeters.
The brick carvings include six plays: "The Battle of Wuyue", "Guo Ziyi's Longevity", "Fan Sui's Escape from Qin", "The Legend of White Snake", "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage", and "Empress Li Goes to the Cold Kiln". 16 character stories: "Lu Yin Gong loves fish", "Wang Xizhi loves geese", "Tao Yuanming loves chrysanthemums", "Zhou Dunyi loves lotus", "Yanshan Goddess", "Wang Zhilanke", "Laojun Alchemy", " "Dharma Crossing the River", "Kuixing Dianyuan", "Emperor Wenchang", "Peach Peach Dutiful Mother", "Struggle for Pear Body Wife", "Three Stars of Fortune, Luxury and Longevity", "Ganlu Temple", "Three Acid Pictures", "Title" "The Ring" etc. There are 24 animal allusions, including "Nine Lions", "Three Yangs Kick off the Taipei", "Tiger Entering the Plains", "Rhinoceros Watching the Moon", "Everything Renewed", "Wind Phoenix Playing with Peonies", "Two Dragons Playing with Pearls", " "Deer Boy and Wolf Gu", "Lin Tu Jade Book", "Angry Toad Fighting Lion", "A Man's Heart and a Horse", "Dragon Soaring to the Rain", "Fish and Dragon Spread", "One Product in the Dynasty", "Chuan Lu Gives a Banquet", "Mandarin ducks playing with lotus", "Cockcrow at the end of the day", "Plum blossoms as chief", "Songs and cranes prolong life", "Dragon and Phoenix present good fortune", "Nine generations living together", "Five generations prospering", "Longevity in Nanshan" , "One Foot of Kui Long" and so on. In addition, there are decorative patterns such as sunflowers, two-sided continuous patterns, brocade patterns, swastika patterns, woven flowers, longevity seeds, etc.
Other decorations: There is a pair of stone lions outside the front door of the theater, 2.4 meters high, one male and one female. There is a pair of vertical iron flagpoles on the outside of the lion talisman, more than 16 meters high, and a pair of red phoenixes cast on the top, which seem to draw their necks and scream, stretching out to fly. The sun and moon hang high above the phoenix, shining in all directions. The flagpole is divided into five sections, each of which is cast with Bagua diagrams, dragons, couplets, etc. It weighs more than 24,000 kilograms and was presented to the medicinal dealers in Shanxi and Shaanxi.
In front of the main hall is an iron tripod with a height of 245 centimeters and a weight of 3,000 kilograms. It was cast in the second year of Daoguang (1833). There is a pair of iron cranes standing on the side of the tripod, with its feet standing on a turtle seat. It is 3 meters high and weighs more than 1,000 kilograms. It has a transcendent expression and fine workmanship. It was cast in the 33rd year of Kangxi (1694).
(2) Huazu Nunnery
Originally known as Huazu Temple, it is located at the west end of Shui'an Street in the city, on the back of the city. It is the name of the temple dedicated to the divine doctor Hua Mang. Because the temple has been plagued by misfortunes for generations, the "temple" was renamed "nunnery".
Huazu Nunnery was built around the Ming Dynasty. According to Daoguang's "Bozhou Chronicles" of the Qing Dynasty, in the Xinsi year of Qianlong (1761), Bozhou's Tongzhi Gu Deng repaired it; in the second year of Jiaqing (1797), Anhui governor Zhu Gui ordered the governor Li Tingyi to rebuild it and inscribed it on the forehead. The forehead says: "Xie Li Tongwei"; the couplet says: "Five plays turn the Lingshu Dao to Benhuangxuan's immortal position, and the four rounds of calamity-eliminating movements participate in the Bodhi of Emperor Sakyamuni." It was rebuilt during the Tongzhi period. In 1962, the Bo County People's Government allocated funds to repair Huazu Nunnery and set up a Huahua Memorial Hall. Guo Moruo personally inscribed the name of the museum, and Yan Tianming, a native of the state, wrote a biography of Hua Busan. During the "Cultural Revolution", most of Hua Zu'an was occupied by local residents. In 1980, the Bo County People's Government allocated funds for repairs, and the temple residents gradually moved out.
The front door of Huazu Nunnery is a tile-roofed structure. There is a pair of lion charms in front of the door, one male and one female. Entering the main hall, a statue is being erected during worship. The statue is 2.8 meters high, with a medicinal gourd hanging from its waist. It is full of energy and has deep eyes. To the east of the upper hall is the side hall (often), which has two doors. The south door is called "Hui Chun" and the north door is called "Ji Shi". On the upper and middle screen wall of the two doors, there is a stone carving of "Hua Tuo Memorial Hall" by Guo Moruo. There is Ziyi Pavilion in the courtyard, which is said to be a resting place for Hua Tuo. The couplet on the pavilion pillars says: "There are wandering clouds and wild cranes, and the flowing water is filled with music and music." In the west of the main hall is a round door with the words "Those who win the gods will prosper" on the forehead. The entrance is the west side hall. Behind the main hall is the former residence of Hua Tuo, including Yuanhua Caotang, Yishouxuan, Cunzhenzhai, etc. Facing south in the Yuanhua Thatched Cottage, there is a statue of Hua Tuo: holding a knife in his left hand and staring with both eyes, as if he was undergoing a surgical operation. There is a winding corridor connecting the east and west wing rooms. The east wing is called "Yi Shou Xuan", which is said to be the place where Hua Tuo diagnoses diseases; the west wing is called "Cun Zhen Zhai", which is said to be the place where Hua Tuo stores medicine. Then there is a pond named Xizhichi, which is said to be the place where Hua Tuo washed medicines.
In September 1981, Huazu Nunnery was announced as a provincial key cultural relic protection unit. In 1984, the national "Hua Tuo Academic Symposium" was held here.
(3) Moral Palace
It is located on the north side of Dongtou Road, Laozudian Street, in the city. In front of it is Wenli Lane, which is said to be the place where Confucius asked Laozi for gifts. The Moral Palace is also known locally as the "Paternal Ancestor Palace".
It is unknown when the Moral Palace was built. "Bozhou Chronicles" written by Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty says: "During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the prefect Ma Chengding built a sutra hall, carved the Tao Te Ching on stone, and built a spring stage. In the thirteenth year of Qianlong (1748), the apse and the mountain gate were repaired. In the sixteenth year of Daoguang (1836) , the Dragon Hall was converted into a worship hall. "The original stone carvings in the hall included 64 pieces of the full text of the Tao Te Ching and a statue of Lao Tzu, which was one foot and two feet high. Unfortunately, it no longer exists.
There are three mountain gates in the Daodezhong Palace. The front hall is for Renzu and the back hall is for Laozi. There are two courtyards in the east and west of the main hall. The gate of the east courtyard is inscribed: "Purple Air Comes from the East", and there are three halls at the entrance to honor Lu Ban; the gate of the west courtyard is inscribed: "Green Ox Flows to the West", and there are halls to honor the God of Wealth. .
During the Republic of China, the Daodezhong Palace was used as a school and was occupied for a long time before the 1980s. In July 1986, it was announced as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit. It is now planned to be restored and opened.
(4) Ancient underground tunnel
According to legend, it was Cao Cao’s troop transportation tunnel. Discovered in the 27th year of the Republic of China. In 1969, nearly 2,000 meters were dug on both sides of the four main streets in the east, west, south and north of Renmin Road in the city. Later, some branch roads were discovered in Laoyamen Courtyard, Caoxiangkou and other places. The underground tunnel is centered on the main corner of the city and extends to the east, west, south and north. There are three types of underground roads: one-way roads, parallel double roads, and upper and lower two-level roads. Among them, the branch roads are crisscrossed and interconnected, making the project huge.
The underground tunnel is a brick structure. There are square holes in some places on the roof, which lead directly to the ground. There are small niches at varying distances 1 meter away from the wall, which seem to be used for placing lamps. Part of it is a brick and earth structure, which is simple to build, with horizontal timbers on top, boards on top, and earth on the boards. It may be repaired for temporary emergencies. They vary in height and width, generally 1.45 to 2.10 meters high and 60 to 120 centimeters wide, with undulating bottom surfaces.
During the Three Kingdoms period, tunnel warfare was used from time to time as a tactical means to attack cities and protect positions. "Three Kingdoms" says: "Shao returned to Guandu and built mountains and tunnels. The Duke (Cao Cao) also conducted internal operations. To respond accordingly." However, judging from the cultural relics found in the underground tunnel, it seems that it was not built by Cao Cao and was a relic of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The underground tunnel is a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level.
(5) Xiyi’s Hometown
It is located in Chenzhuang on the west bank of Songtang River in the south of the city. It is the family temple of Chen Tuan who was revered by his descendants, so it is also called "Chen Family Temple" , "Chen Tuan Temple", "Xiyi Temple". The temple is divided into a front hall and a back building. The front hall is carved with a sleeping statue of Chen Tuan surrounded by five dragons. It is said that after Chen Tuan became an immortal, he gave a lecture in Yandian. The lecture was so wonderful that five dragon kings transformed into five white-clothed scholars and came to listen to the lecture. In the back building is a seated statue of Chen Tuan, accompanied by two boys. The temple was abandoned during the "Cultural Revolution". The stele erected during the Daoguang period is stored in the home of Chen Tuan's descendants in Chenzhuang. Another ancient stele was destroyed in 1958.
According to legend, the 15th day of the 10th lunar month is Chen Tuan’s birthday. There is a folk saying that “lotus flowers bloom for ten miles away from Chen Tuan”. Therefore, the temple fair is held on this day every year, which is a major local festival. Later, when the temple was abolished, the meeting was also abolished. The hometown of Xiyi is a key cultural relic protection unit at the municipal level.
(6) Xue Ge Tower
It is located in the southern suburbs. It is straight cone type, octagonal, with 7 floors and a height of 34.15 meters. The ground floor is 23.36 meters around and has 8 large bluestone foundations. From the 2nd to the 6th floor, there is a small south niche on the wall, which seems to be a place for worshiping gods. There is no god left. The top of the tower has octagonal eaves, overhanging corners and vertical ridges, and is paved with tiles dripping water, resembling an ancient octagonal pavilion. The top of the tower is an iron lotus seat, with a spiral iron column supporting an iron gourd on the seat.
The tower was built in the middle of Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. At that time, Zheng Jiaotai, the governor of Bozhou, saw that the literary style was not flourishing in Bozhou, so he built this tower to promote the literary style, so it was named Wenfeng Tower. It was originally built with five floors. Later, He Tianqu, a gentry from the state, donated money to build an additional two floors. Because the pagoda is located near Xuejia Pavilion, the temple of Xue Hui, a famous scholar in Bozhou in the Ming Dynasty, later generations often call this pagoda "Xue Pagoda". Every year on the 19th day of the second lunar month, there is the Xuuge Pagoda Ancient Meeting. At that time, businessmen will gather and people from the state will compete to come. It will be a grand event for one party. In recent years, the Xuege Ancient Fair has become a grand local material exchange conference, and its grand occasion is unparalleled back then. Xuege Pagoda is a key cultural relic protection unit at the municipal level.
(7) Baiyi Temple
Located 1 mile southeast of the city, it is dedicated to the Nanhai Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva in white, so it is also called "Baiyi Temple". It was built in the early years of Shunzhi period in the Qing Dynasty when the monks died. In the sixth year of Shunzhi (16th year), the eminent monk Miaozhan and the blind monk Desheng of Jiuhua Mountain continued to build it. In the 25th year of Qianlong's reign (1760), Dong Jixian, a wealthy businessman from Shanxi, passed by Bozhou and donated money to build the Huandian Sutra Pavilion, Sutra Collection Building and Wing Room. There are many flowers and trees planted in the temple, especially peonies. The pine trees and green trees, the morning bells and evening drums, make people feel like they are out of this world. Most of the presiding monks of the temple are famous monks. The four characters "White Yiluyuan" on the mountain gate are written in official script by Deng Shiru, a famous calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty. During the Qianlong period, gold pagodas and jade Buddhas were imported from Myanmar. There is also a large carved Buddha statue. There are more than 1,100 finely carved wooden sutras in the temple, including the "Yuka Yankou Sutra", the "Diamond Sutra", and the "Avalokitesvara Sutra". There is also a copy of the "Pinja Mahamad Sutra", which has 40 ranks, 414 volumes, 1916 parts and 8416 volumes, which is a Buddhist treasure. There is also a copy of the "Baye Sutra", which was obtained by a doctor who came to Myanmar.
This sutra was written in Indian script using bay leaves and doro trees. It is about a foot long and nearly 2 pairs wide, with more than 90 leaves, shaped like grass leaves. The sutras written on bay leaves are immortal and are considered Buddha treasures. In the fiftieth year of Qianlong's reign (1786), monk Lingguang asked Liang to write the "Beiye Sutra" and engrave it on a stele.
This temple is a place where monks from all over the area receive ordination. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were 17 hectares of temple land and more than 20 novices. After liberation, it was occupied by the grain department. Now it has been approved by the Provincial Religious Affairs Department as a key temple to open to the public. Allotments have been allocated to rebuild a chanting hall with a monk. Baiyi Lv Yuan is a key cultural relic protection unit at the municipal level.
(8) Jinchan Liuli Well
Located in the west of the north end of Wobei Jiaotong Street, it is a famous well in Bozhou. The structure of the glazed well is unique: the wellhead is made of bluestone and is square in shape; the upper end of the water surface is divided into left and right sides at the height of a person, with bricks on the top and glazed bottom. The entire well wall is as smooth as porcelain fired in a kiln. The water in the well is sweet and has great tension. I don’t know when it was repaired. According to folklore, it was not easy to dig wells in Wobei in ancient times. Residents dug wells during the day, but the sand sank at night. It took several years to dig wells. After the immortal knew about it, he sent a golden toad down to earth at midnight and ordered it to spit out divine fire and burn the well wall into glass. Unexpectedly, it was too late for Jin Chan to descend to the earth. It was already dawn after half a day of burning the well. When the old man picked up dung and saw the fire in the well, he shouted, "There is a fire in the well!" Liang ran away from Jin Chan. Therefore, the lower half of the well wall is made of glazed glass, while the upper half is still brick. This well is a local attraction, and residents still like to drink the water from this well.