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Dong Shi is an ancient surname. There are two versions of the origin of Dong Shi: one supports the early origin. According to legend, one of the descendants of the Yellow Emperor, surnamed Shu 'an, was sealed in Zhuan Xu (also known as Guo, now tanghe county, Henan) and called Zhuan Xu 'an. Zhuan Xu's son, Dong Fu, domesticated the dragon by Shun Emperor, and was given the surname Dong by Shun Emperor. He was appointed as the surname, and was sealed in Zhuichuan (now Dingtao County, Shandong Province). Later generations took Dong as the surname.
Another branch of Dong's expenditure is now in the Zhou Dynasty. According to "Nine Journals on the History of the Western Han Dynasty" and "Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surnames" written by the poet Deng in the Song Dynasty, two sons in the Spring and Autumn Period went to the Jin State with the Jishi family to take charge of the scriptures, so they were also called Dongshi. During this period, jindun was in Jiang (now southeast of Yicheng, Shanxi), so the branch of Dongshi came from Yicheng, Shanxi.
Some descendants of the heart, the hereditary official of the state of Jin is a surname. In the Spring and Autumn Period, a historian, Dong Hu, appeared. He was not afraid of powerful people, and his writing style was straightforward, and he was praised as a "good history". Sun Dong, a descendant of Dong Hu, was made king of Zhai by Xiang Yu at the end of Qin Dynasty, all of whom were slaves (on the east bank of Yanhe River in Yan 'an, Shaanxi Province), and later people lived in Longxi (Lintao, Gansu Province). Dong Zhongshu was a native of Guang Chuan (now Zaoqiang East, Hebei Province) in the Western Han Dynasty. His great-grandson moved from Guang Chuan to Longxi, and his descendants moved to Hedong (the county is in the northwest of Xiaxian, Shanxi). In addition, Dong Shi is also distributed in Dingtao and Gaoqing in Shandong, Guangzhou in Guangdong, Ziyang and Deyang in Sichuan, Yuyao in Zhejiang, Xiangyang and Zhijiang in Hubei, Fuzhou in Fujian, Yuzhou, Yichuan, Nanyang, Kaifeng, Fuxian, Xinyang and Lingbao in Henan. To the Sui and Tang Dynasties, in addition to the above areas, some places in Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other provinces also had Dong's residence.
The Compilation of Yuanhe Surnames in the Tang Dynasty records that there are four counties in the eastern history: Longxi, Hongnong (now Lingbao, Henan), Hedong and Fanyang (now Zhuozhou, Hebei). In addition, there are (now Cao County, Shandong Province). At the end of Tang Dynasty, Dong Shi in Gushi (now Henan) was accompanied by Wang Chao and Wang. Before the Ming Dynasty, Dongshi had spread all over southern provinces. From the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, some people from Dongshi moved to Taiwan Province Province, and then some people moved to Nanyang Islands and some countries and regions in Europe and America.
There are many famous people named Dong in history, such as Dong Zhongshu, a philosopher and master of Confucian classics in the Western Han Dynasty, and a native of Guang Chuan. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted his suggestion, and Confucianism became the forerunner of feudal society for more than two thousand years. There are also people from Dong Xian and Yunyang (now Chunhua, Shaanxi), who are favored by the mourners because of their beauty. At the age of 22, he was an official to Fu, manipulating the state affairs, and his father, brother and father-in-law were officials to officials or officials to officials. He has wealth and is a noble person in the court. At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dong Xuan, a native of Chen Liuqiu (now Qixian Town, Henan Province), was called "compelling" by Emperor Guangwu because he refused to obey evil spirits. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Dong Zhuo, a native of Lintao (now Mangxian County, Gansu Province), led his troops into Luoyang in 189, abolished the young emperor and established Xian Di, forcing Xian Di to move westward to Chang 'an, where he became a surname, and was later killed by Wang Yun and Lu Bu. During the Three Kingdoms period, Dong He, a native of the south county (now Hubei), worked with Zhuge Liang to assist Houshu and served as an official for more than 20 years. When he died, there was no money at home. His son, Dong Yun, was an assistant minister of Huangmen at that time. He was deeply trusted by Zhuge Liang and often remonstrated with the latter's faults. Dong Feng, a post-official (now Fuzhou, Fujian), is good at medical treatment. He didn't get paid for his treatment, but when he was cured, he cut down apricot trees, reaching 10 thousand in a few years. It is for this reason that later generations praised doctors with "Xinglin". During the Northern Wei Dynasty, diplomat Dong Fan was sent to the Western Regions. There were Prime Minister Dong Jin and Pianist Dong in the Tang Dynasty. There was a famous painter Dong Yuan in the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties. Dong Panger, the leader of Qi Yi, a farmer in Liao Dynasty. Dong Jieyuan, a drama writer in Jin Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, there were famous Japanese illustrators Dong Bangzheng, Dong Qichang and Dong Xiaowan, a famous prostitute in Qinhuai. Dong, a writer in Qing Dynasty, was called a painter and a general in late Qing Dynasty, Dong Fuxiang. In modern times, there were proletarian revolutionaries, including Dong, one of the founders of China Productive Party, one of the leaders of Ningdu, and Dong Cunrui, a fighting hero in the War of Liberation. Dong Shi is a generation of celebrities.
Among the 100 surnames with the largest population in China, Dong's surname ranks 29th.
First, the origin of surnames
Dong has three sources:
1, last name. According to Yuan He's Compilation, The Book of Ancient and Modern Surnames and other materials, Dong Fu, a descendant of Zhuan Xu, is good at feeding dragons, which is very appreciated by Shun Di, so he gave Dong Fu his surname, and later generations also gave Dong his surname.
2. From the official name. According to "Ji Ji of Surnames", there was a doctor named Xin You in the Zhou Dynasty, and his second son was an official in the State of Jin. Du Dong was an official of the State of Jin, and his descendants named Dong Shi as the official name.
3. Other sources. According to the Dong Shi Genealogy, Lu Zhong, a descendant of Emperor Zhuan Xu, had a son named Shenhu, whose surname was Dong, and some descendants of Shenhu also took Dong as their surname. In addition, Koreans also have Dong's surname.
Ancestor: Dongfu. After Emperor Zhuan Xu changed his surname himself, Liao Shuan had a son named Dongfu, who was very good at studying the habits of dragons. So Emperor Shun appointed Dongfu as the Dragon, specializing in raising dragons. Under the careful domestication of Dongfu, many dragons learned to perform dance. Shun Di was very happy, so he named Dong Fu the Hou of Yunchuan (now Dingtao North, Shandong Province) and took Dong as his surname. His descendants took Dong Shi as their surname, and Dong Fu was also regarded as the ancestor of Dong Shi.
Second, migration distribution.
Dong is of the same ancestry, and all of them are descendants of Emperor Zhuan Xu of Levin. According to historical records, Dong's surname originated in three places: northern Dingtao, southwestern Shanxi, and Pingyuan County, Shandong Province. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Dong Shi was mainly concentrated in Shanxi, Gansu, Hebei, Henan and other places. In addition, there are Dong clan members scattered in Shaanxi, Dingtao and Gaoqing in Shandong, Guangzhou in Guangdong, Ziyang and Deyang in Sichuan, Yuyao in Zhejiang, Xiangyang and Zhijiang in Hubei, Fuzhou in Fujian, Yuzhou, Yichuan, Nanyang, Kaifeng, Qixian, Xinyang and Lingbao in Henan. Later, in the process of continuous reproduction, Dong in Gansu and Shandong developed into a local aristocratic family. During this period, according to historical records, the reproduction and migration of the population in Dong Shi are as follows: Kun, a descendant of the Taishi branch of the State of Jin, was named Zhai Wang and became a slave (now on the east bank of Dongyanhe River in Yan 'an City, Shaanxi Province), and his descendants moved to Longxi (now Lintao, Gansu Province); Dong Zhongshu was a native of Guang Chuan (now Zaoqiang East, Hebei Province) in the Western Han Dynasty. His great-grandson moved from Guang Chuan to Longxi, and later generations moved to Hedong (now northwest of Xiaxian County, Shanxi Province). During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the society was in turmoil, and people were scattered everywhere and moved southward on a large scale. Dong migrated from Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Hubei and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The Sui and Tang Dynasties were the period of Dong Shi's great reproduction, and there were Dong Shi emigrants in Fujian and Guangdong. In the Tang Dynasty, Gushi people's father and son entered Fujian, Wang Chao and Dong followed. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the Nomads entered the Central Plains, and the southward migration of Mongolian troops forced Dong to move southward again. At this time, the Dong Shi clan appeared in Yuhang, Zhejiang. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were Dong residents in Taiwan Province Province, Nanyang Islands and some countries and regions in Europe and America, and Dong people in this period were all over the world. Today, Dong's surname is mainly concentrated in Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Yunnan, Liaoning, Zhejiang and other provinces. Hebei, Henan and Shanxi provinces account for 3 1% of the total Dong population, while Yunnan, Shandong, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Hubei provinces account for 38%. Hebei is the largest province, accounting for 1 1% of the total Dong population. Dong is the 29th surname in China with a large population, accounting for 0.6 1% of the Han population in China.
Third, historical celebrities.
Dong Hu: A historian who was praised by Confucius as a "good history" at that time was a celebrity named Dong who first appeared in Historical Records.
Dong Xuan: Chen Liulai (now Qixian County, Henan Province), the grandson of Dong Zhongshu in the Five Dynasties, was a famous and good official in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When Emperor Guangwu made an order for Luoyang, he dared to oppose arrogance and do democracy, which shocked the capital. Guangwu called it "compelling", and the arrogant aristocrats were not afraid. They called it "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" at the age of seventy-four. He died in office with only a bed covered with old bones, a few barley and a broken car at home. Guangwudi was very sad to hear this, and said, "Dong Xuan is honest and knows everything when he dies", so he was buried as a gift from the doctor.
Dong Xian: Sheng Qing, a native of Yunyang (now Chunhua, Shaanxi), was a fu master in the Western Han Dynasty. At the age of 22, he was favored by Emperor Ai, and he was an official to Fu, manipulating state affairs, and his family background was prominent.
Dong He:? -220) word young slaughter, Zhijiang Dong Zhangjun corps commander; I have worked with Zhuge Liang for many years and many suggestions have been adopted by Zhuge Liang. I have been an official for more than 20 years. I am honest and honest, and I am deeply trusted and loved by the people. I associate with ethnic minorities. I am sincere about my work. I love and believe in the work in the south. On the day of death, there was no wealth at home. Zhuge Liang praised He Dongde for his high integrity: "Young slaughter is diligent, loyal to the country, and you can be less bright."
Dong Yun: (? -246) The word Xiuzhao is the son of He Dong. Inheriting Dong He's integrity is one of the four major English schools in Sichuan (Zhuge Liang, Dong Yun, Jiang Wan and Fei Yi). Zhuge Liang affirmed Dong Yun's loyalty and talent in "A Teacher's Example" and urged Dong Yun to preside over the "state affairs". Dong Yun was ordered, loyal and tireless, and devoted himself to the words and deeds of the late leader. Dong Yun's official positions are Assistant General, Deputy General, Secretary-General and General. Wu Zhi, a civil servant, has a prominent position, but he is upright and upright. He has made remarkable achievements in governing Shu and won the hearts of the people.
Dong Feng: The grandson of Dong Yun, the ancestor of Jiankang Dong Shi, traveled in central Fujian and later lived in Lushan Mountain. He is a generation of famous doctors. He is so unprofitable in treating diseases that he grows apricots and grows them into apricot trees over time. For today's medical community, it is called Xinglin Youlei.
Dong Chen: (1740— 18 18), the son of Dong Bangda, spent twenty-eight years exploring flowers in Qianlong, and changed to Didi's Biography of the Golden Temple, which declined but actually rose. Tired from official to military affairs minister, Tengge University, Wenhua Hall University (Prime Minister). He is proficient in military affairs, and Taiwan Province and Gurkha are also famous for pacification. When Xiao Shenyang came to power, he was alone with Wang Jie. Emperor Jiaqing also played an important role when he eradicated small Shenyang. Like his father, he was a famous painter at that time and was good at calligraphy and painting. He returned to his hometown five times, lived a simple life, was approachable, never disdainful, and won praise from his neighbors. At the age of 79. In the twenty-third year of Jiaqing, he returned to his hometown as an official and died in October. Three generations of father and son, although prominent, remain uncorrupted. In the mourning poem of Emperor Jiaqing, it was said that only articles were sent to sons and nephews, and there was no money to buy the grange.
Dong Yuan: (? -962) Dong Yuan, whose real name is Shu Da, was born in Zhong Ling (now Jinxian, Jiangxi) and claimed to be a native of Jiangnan. Painter of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, once an assistant envoy of Beiyuan, known as Dong Beiyuan. . Industrial landscape is especially good at Jiangnan scenery, which is set off by Xiqiao, Yupu and Zhouzhu. It is simple and naive to push landscape painting with pima. Later, Ju Ran inherited its style and called it "Dong Ju", which was the main school of southern landscape painting from the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty and had a great influence on later generations. He is also good at drawing cows, tigers and figures. It is said that Feng Yansi once mistook his paintings of ancient beauties for those who blocked Gong E's way and dared not go to see the Lord.
Dong Huai (? -1262) was born in Dingyuan, Song Haozhou (now Dingyuan, Anhui), Tingzhi, and a scholar in Jiading for sixteen years. In order to quell Changde mutiny and rescue refugees who fled to Jiangbei, Jia visited Hubei Criminal Prison, Zhijiang Taishou, Tanzhou and other places. He made great achievements, purged military discipline and strengthened training. In six years (1246), he was appointed as a transit judge in Guangxi, and was also appointed as a prisoner, helping southwest ethnic minorities and establishing friendly trade relations with Jiaotoe. Bao You served as the right prime minister and envoy of the Tang Dynasty for three years (1255). He took rectifying the outline, reforming the old system and serving the country as the top priority, and said everything, which offended many ministers, so many people were jealous. The following year, he went to courtier Daquan Ding and took refuge in Nanxun, Huzhou. Xuanyi was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Guan Wen Dian in Dong Xiao Palace in Lin 'an, and lived in Dongjiaxiang, Boyang Lake in the northern suburb of Fuyang. His son, Li Dong, was the son-in-law of the Song Dynasty and did very well in the Yuan Dynasty. Today, most of his descendants have settled in the northern mountainous area of Fuyang, Zhejiang. Some settled in Danyang, Jiangsu.
Dong Zhongshu: a philosopher and master of Confucian classics in the Western Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty quoted a man of good literature. Based on the "three strategies of heaven and man", he put forward the suggestion of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", which was adopted by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. After more than two thousand years, Confucianism was the forerunner of orthodoxy in feudal society. Its study is centered on Confucian patriarchal clan system, mixed with the theory of yin and yang and five elements, and integrates theocracy, monarchical power, patriarchal clan system and husband power to form a feudal theological system. Put forward the theory of "harmony between man and nature" and the theory of "three cardinal guides and five permanents"
Dong Xiaowan: A famous talented woman, one of the "eight famous prostitutes" in Qinhuai River. She is handsome, good at calligraphy and painting, and knows the history of poetry. Later, she married Mao Xiang, a famous writer in Qing Dynasty, as a concubine.
Dong Bangda: (1696— 1769), a native of Fuyang, Zhejiang Province, was promoted to the position of the minister of industry and the minister of rites for his outstanding achievements. He is also a famous painter, famous for being good at painting landscapes. His paintings are rich and elegant, and his painting art is very famous in Beijing. Emperor Qianlong specially appointed him to preside over the Royal Painting Academy, and he was called one of the ten philosophers of Qing painting. He is another great painter of Dongshi after Dong Yuan in the Five Dynasties and Dong Qichang in the Ming Dynasty, and he is collectively called the three directors. He has a close relationship with Cao Xueqin, and once wrote a preface to his Notes on Kites in the North and South. At the age of 74.
Dong Zunhui: (926-981) was born in Fanyang, Zhuozhou (now Zhuoxian, Hebei). Martial arts skills, can be strong and can fight. In the later Han Dynasty, he went south to Liu Zhiyuan from Qidan with his father Zongben. In the second week, he attacked Northern Han, Houshu and Nantang from Sejong, and made contributions to Xiao Wu's command. At the beginning of the Song Dynasty, Mao put it into use again, and he was awarded the commander-in-chief of the far army in the sixth year of Murong Ping Lijun and Gander (968). When Emperor Taizong was in charge of the inspection of Lingzhou, he spent fourteen years in (Jin Weiyuan, now in charge of Huan County, Gansu Province), uniting the leaders of all ethnic groups, so that they could defend their borders and defend them.
Dong Qichang was born in Huating, Songjiang (now Songjiang). In the seventeenth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, he was a scholar and an official. He is neither powerful nor selfish. From Jishi Shu, Hanlin, editing officials to ministers of the Ministry of Rites, he was appointed as an official by Prince Taifu. He is 83 years old. He was a famous painter in Ming Dynasty, and the Huating School represented by him had a great influence on landscape painting. He is a master of calligraphy and painting creation, collection and appreciation. There are also many theoretical works on calligraphy and painting. His painting style is unique: soft and strong, changing in spirit, distinct in layers, light and elegant, and winning with simplicity. He is also famous for his unique skills in seal cutting and calligraphy.
Dong Jieyuan, a dramatist in Jin Dynasty. He wrote Yuan Zhen's Biography of Yingying in Tang Dynasty, which prepared the conditions for Wang Shifu, a writer in Yuan Dynasty, to write The West Chamber.
Dong Zhentang: (1895- 1937), a native of Xinhe County, Hebei Province, is one of the outstanding generals of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants and one of the leaders of Ningdu Qiyi. 1923 Graduated from Baoding Military Academy, and served as the brigade commander of the 73rd Brigade of the 26th Route Army of the Kuomintang Army. 193 1 65438+February, Zhao Bosheng led his troops to launch Qi Yi in Ningdu to join the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants, the deputy commander of the Fifth Army of Ren Hongjun and the commander of the Thirteenth Army, and later served as the head of the Fifth Army of the Red Army. 1932 joined China * * * production party, 1934 participated in 25000. 1937 65438+1died in the battle with Kuomintang troops in Gao Tai, Gansu province on October 20th.
Dong Cunrui: (1929- 1948) a native of Huailai, Hebei. China People's Liberation Army combat hero. /kloc-joined the eighth route army in 0/945 and won many awards for meritorious service. 1946 Join the Producers' Party of China. 1On May 26th, 948, he gave his life for bombing the bunker in the battle to liberate Jehol. Zhu De wrote an inscription for him: "Sacrifice your life for your country and live forever".
Fourth, the county hall number
Wang Jun 1
Longxi County: In the 28th year of Xianggong in Zhao Haoqi of the Warring States Period (279 BC), the county was founded and ruled by Didao (now Lintao South, Gansu). The Western Han Dynasty is equivalent to the middle reaches of Taohe River east of Dongxiang, Gansu, the upper reaches of Weihe River west of Wushan, the upper reaches of the Western Han Dynasty north of Lixian and the eastern part of Tianshan City. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei began to rule (now southwest Gansu Province). In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was quite close to Longxi County.
Yinji County: In the sixth year of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty (BC 144), Liang Fenzhou was later changed to the county, governing Dingtao (now the northwest of Dingtao County, Shandong Province). It is close to Heze, Shandong, to Dingtao in the south and Pucheng in the north.
2. Hall number
Liang Shi Hall: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Dong Hu was a historian of the State of Jin. He writes history realistically, keeps it true and is not afraid of power. When Duke Ling of Jin was killed, Dong Hu wrote in the history book: "Zhao Dun killed his king." Confucius praised him as a "good history".
In addition, the main halls in the History of the East are named as Qianlong Hall, Longxi Hall, Tang Zhengyi and Sance Hall.