Zhao Ding (1085-1147), a politician and poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. In Ziyuan Town, he named himself a layman. A native of Wenxi, Jiezhou (now part of Shanxi) in the Southern Song Dynasty. Prime Minister during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty. There are 10 volumes of "Collected Works of Zhongzhengde", published by Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty. "Si Yin Zhai's Ci" contains a volume of "Dequan Jushi Ci", which contains 45 poems. Zhao Ding fought against the Jin Dynasty
"I left my country to seek death and protested against Yan Jindu's difficulty. Your Majesty's three surnames are here, but only two old men are seen in Hainan. A lonely tomb was sent to a poor island, and it has been famous for thousands of years. The heaven and the earth are only for one old man. When will the Central Plains return to the Three Passes?" This is the poem "Weeping for Zhao Ding" written by Hu Quan when he mourned Zhao Ding.
In Shuinan Village, Yacheng Town, Sanya City, there is an abandoned historic site - "Shengdetang". According to the article "Shengdetang Ji" included in Guangxu's "Yazhou Chronicles": the fourteenth year of Shaoxing (1144) After Zhao Ding, the famous anti-Jin prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, was demoted to Jiyang Army (now Sanya), he lived here for three years until his death on a hunger strike in 1147; Hu Quan, the like-minded anti-Jin coach, was demoted here in 1148 and also Have lived here for 8 years. "Shengdetang" is the private residence of the descendants of Pei Du, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty. It was named after the "Shengdetang" plaque inscribed by Hu Quan before he was pardoned and left in 1156.
The iron-clad man survived nine deaths without regrets
Looking through the "History of Song Dynasty·Zhao Ding Biography", I feel that his person and deeds are just like the posthumous title after his death - "Zhong Jian", this four-year-old The prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, who lost his father at the age of 18 and relied solely on his mother for his upbringing and education. He was proficient in hundreds of schools of classics and history. He not only served the country with loyalty, but also dared to give direct advice, regardless of personal gain or loss.
Mr. Wang Yuchun said: "Zhao Ding's outspoken personality, coupled with the slander and frame-up of treacherous ministers and villains, led to the ups and downs of his personal political destiny. During the reign of Song Gaozong Zhao Gou, Zhao Ding Sometimes he was promoted, sometimes he was demoted, and he even served as prime minister for the second time. Mr. Yao Danping, the Yijun of Anping in Huzhu, said that Zhao Ding and Wen Tianxiang were both Zhongzhen Prime Ministers of the Song Dynasty.
In 1138. , the Southern Song Dynasty court was forced by the military pressure of the Jin State, and many people advocated ceding territory and seeking peace. However, Zhao Ding firmly opposed the traitorous behavior of the capitulation faction headed by Qin Hui, and was hated by Qin Hui. After he became prime minister, he treated Zhao Ding. Taking crazy revenge, he continued to fabricate charges and demoted Zhao Ding again and again, and finally was exiled to the Jiyang Army.
After being demoted to the Jiyang Army, Zhao Ding gave a letter of thanks to the court. He wrote: "Where can I go with my white head? I feel regretful that I have so little time left in my life. My loyalty is not lost, and I will never waver even if I die nine times." "After seeing this, Qin Hui had to sigh: This old man is still as stubborn as before!
During the three years of Jiyang Army, Zhao Ding lived in seclusion, and no one in his family or old officials dared to interfere. Only Guangxi commander Zhang Zongyuan Occasionally, he would send him some glutinous rice. After Qin Hui found out, he sent someone to monitor Zhao Ding's words and deeds, and asked Jiyang Army to report Zhao Ding's life and death to him every month. His ambition to force Zhao Ding to death was obvious. So Zhao Ding sent someone to tell his son Zhao Fen: "Hui will definitely want to kill me. If I die, you and Cao will be safe, but if you don't, it will bring disaster to the whole family. "He wrote his own "Ming Jing" while he was ill, and in his last words asked his son to beg for burial, and then died on hunger strike.
"Ming Jing" is a name given by local officials and celebrities after the death of ancient people. When written by a clan leader or a clan leader, the official title, posthumous title and name of the deceased are usually written. However, Zhao Ding wrote it himself before his death, and did not write the official title, posthumous title and name of the deceased, but only wrote two sentences: "Shenqi". Jiwei returns to heaven, and his energy makes mountains and rivers strong for this dynasty. "Jiwei" is one of the two stars in the twenty-eight constellations. It is said that after the death of Fu Shuo, the famous prime minister who assisted Shang King Wu Ding Zhongxing, his soul rode between Jisu and Osu. Later generations referred to "Riding Jiwei" as The death of an important minister of the country.
In "Mingjing", Zhao Ding compared himself to Fu Shuo, a famous Shang Dynasty official. Unfortunately, his ambition was not fulfilled and he died with hatred. Later, the patriotic poet Lu You read about these two events. At the end of the sentence, he sighed: "Wow! Can’t he be called a great man? ”
“Thousands of miles in the world, three years at sea. "
"Song History" records that Zhao Ding was buried in the second year after his death.
There is a "Zhao Ding" in the north of Jiuxian Village, Changhua Town, Changjiang Li Autonomous County. "Ding Yiguan Tomb". Before the Qingming Festival in 2005, local villagers also spontaneously repaired the cemetery for Zhao Ding and erected a tombstone to commemorate him.
The place where Zhao Ding was demoted in Hainan was originally the "Jiyang Army", which is today's Sanya. Why was he buried in today's Changjiang County after his death, which was the territory of the "Changhua Army" at that time? This has always been a controversial topic in Hainan history circles.
Wang Yuchun said that the owner of the "Shengde Hall" where Zhao Ding lived in exile was Pei Wenyi, the fifteenth generation grandson of Pei Du. The reason why Pei Wenyi accepted Zhao Ding was firstly because he respected Zhao Ding as a person, and secondly. It was because their ancestral home was Wenxi County, Shanxi, that they dared to risk offending Qin Hui and let Zhao Ding live there. Pei Wenyi was still the military commander of Changhua at the time. After Zhao Ding died, he was buried in the area under the jurisdiction of the Changhua Army. It makes sense. Pei Wenyi, in a special historical period when Zhao Ding was unable to protect himself and everyone was afraid to avoid him, did not seek self-protection but cared about the friendship with his fellow countrymen, which is really commendable.
During his stay in Sanya, Zhao Ding wrote many poems, including "Congratulations on the Holy Chao·Wen Zigui in Daozhong": "On the road from Zheng'an south to Tianya, there are countless green mountains. It is even more worthy of the moon to cry, deep into the mountains. Place. Pushing the pillow sadly, it is hard to find a new dream, and I can't bear to listen to Yi's voice. It's so late at night that it's better to go home. It's no wonder that Zhao Ding wants to be buried after his death. Inland.
After living in Shuinan for three years, Zhao Ding's every word and deed was closely monitored by Qin Hui's minions, and he couldn't help himself. Even if he wanted to do something practical and good for the local folks, it was difficult to achieve it. But Zhao Ding's heart is free. He once wrote the words "Xingxiangzi": "The grass is green and soft, and the raindrops are scattered. The flowers are flying, but the spring is still withered. The world is thousands of miles away, and the sea is three years. Try to lean on the dangerous building, and you will be far away. Hate, I looked up at the sun, but couldn't see Chang'an. My eyes were filled with tears. The wild birds were flying away, and the banyan leaves were cold. At dusk, I was alone."
It can be seen from the sentence "Thousands of miles away from the world, three years at sea" that Zhao Ding had already stayed in Sanya for three years when he wrote the lyrics, and the time when he would commit suicide on hunger strike was not far away. As a demoted official who was not a prisoner but was better than a prisoner, it is conceivable that Zhao Ding felt lonely and desolate. Spring came and went, and it was desolate for him. Achievements in Poetry Zhao Ding is good at writing, poetry and lyrics. Most of the articles are memorials, with smooth momentum and "completely natural" (the original biography of "History of the Song Dynasty"). Huang Sheng called his poems "as graceful and charming as "The Collection of Flowers" ("Selected Poems Since the ZTE"). The "General Catalog of Sikuquanshu" says that he "does not compete with words and phrases, but expresses the rest of his thoughts. He has no authorship, and the words that cover things do not need to be carved or painted." He experienced the changes in Jingkang, and his poems contain many works that reflect the confusion of his thoughts when he was hurt. For example, "Manjianghong" written in the first year of Jianyan (1127) "Ding Wei Nandu Zhouyi Zhenjiangkou in the ninth month of Dingwei": "Looking sadly at the eyes, I saw the words "Zheng Hong", and I cast myself into the sand moraine at dusk. May I ask where the hometown is? "The vastness of the water clouds fascinated the north and the south." It is truly touching to miss the hometown occupied by the Jin people and worry about the future of the country. His poems such as "Spring Sorrow" and "Dian Jiang Lip" are also excellent works. There are 10 volumes of "Collected Works of Zhongzhengde", published by Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty. "Si Yin Zhai's Ci" contains a volume of "Dequan Jushi Ci", which contains 45 poems. Anecdotes
During the Song Dynasty, Liu Yu posted notices in Shandong and spread rumors that Feng Yi, the eunuch in charge of the emperor's royal medicines, sent people to buy flying pigeons. There were some disrespectful words in the notice.
Liu Gang, the magistrate of Sizhou, reported the matter to the court.
Zhang Jun (born in Chengji, courtesy name Boying) asked the emperor to kill Feng Yi to clear up the rumors.
Zhao Ding (posthumous name Zhongjian) immediately reported: "Feng Yi's matter is ambiguous, but if it is there or not, it is related to the integrity of the country. But if the court does not impose punishment at all, People outside must think that your majesty has indeed sent Feng Yi to do such a thing, which will damage the emperor's virtue. It is better to temporarily relieve him of his duties and place him elsewhere to eliminate everyone's doubts."
The emperor was very happy to hear this and released Feng Yiwai to eastern Zhejiang.
Zhang Jun was very angry that Zhao Ding opposed his idea. Zhao Ding said: "Since ancient times, if you want to get rid of villains too hastily, a group of villains will unite and the disaster will be great; if you do it slowly and gradually, It can cause them to exclude themselves.
For Feng Yi's crime, execution would not be enough to satisfy the people of the world. However, the eunuchs were afraid that the emperor was used to executing such matters, so they would try their best to absolve Feng Yi of his crime. It would be better to demote him to a distant place. Since it would not offend the emperor, the eunuchs would definitely not try their best to rescue the eunuchs when they saw that the punishment of being demoted was too light. They would also be glad that there was a vacancy and they would definitely be plotting to make use of the eunuchs. How could they accommodate the demoted people? If we vigorously suppress them now, these people will definitely be disgusted with us, and their party organizations will become stronger and more unbreakable. " Biography
Zhao Ding was born in Yuanzhen, and he was named Quanjishi. A patriotic politician and poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was a native of Wenxi, Jiezhou (now Shanxi). Jinshi in the fifth year of Chongning, Huizong of the Song Dynasty (1106) . He served as the magistrate of Luoyang, Henan, and the scholar of Kaifeng. After moving to the south, he was promoted to Shangshu Zuopushe and served as minister of Pingzhang under the command of Zhongshu. He recommended Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and other patriotic generals, and effectively organized the military. In order to resist the Jin soldiers, he strongly opposed the peace negotiation and was attacked and persecuted by Qin Hui and others.
In the eighth year of Song Shaoxing (1138), he was demoted to Chaozhou because of his disagreement with the traitor Qin Hui. When Qin Hui heard about it, he relegated Wang Wei to Jinzhou. Zhao Ding stayed at Pei Wenyi's house in Yazhou and gave it to Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty. He expressed that his thoughts on resisting Jin and saving the country would never change. Where to go? There is not much left in my life. My loyalty is not lost, and my sincerity will not change even after nine deaths. "The strong will made Qin Hui feel frightened: "This old man is stubborn and strong. "At the same time, he intensified the persecution of Zhao Ding. Zhao Ding "lived in seclusion in Jiyang, and Du Men thanked him for visiting." "Hainan is full of water and clouds are flying, Liwu Mountain is high and the sun is rising late, and a bottle of wine is alone for thousands of miles. Only old friends know this. . "Guangxi commander Zhang Zongyuan sent people to express his condolences with poems, books, medicines, stones, wine, and songs. After Qin Hui learned about it, he immediately transferred Zhang away from Guangxi.
Due to Qin Hui's brutal persecution, Zhao Ding could only express his condolences by dying. Fight. Before his death, he wrote a note on his tombstone, recording his hometown and his years in exile. There are two sentences in the inscription: "He rode on Jiwei and returned to heaven, and his spirit made the mountains and rivers strong. "It means that he will not forget the Song Dynasty after his death, nor will he forget to resist the Jin Dynasty and save the country, but will turn his spirit into rivers and mountains to make the Song Dynasty stronger. He died on a hunger strike and was buried in Jiuxian Village, Changhua County. At that time, he was ten years old in Shaoxing In August of the seventh year (1147), he died at the age of 63. Before his death, he wrote, "He will ride on Jiwei and return to heaven with great strength." Ding's poems and poems are silent in Chaimen Village, and they are also taught to plant willows to remember the past. Smoking is not allowed in the Cantonese country, and Pang's hometown is also brought to the tomb. Lying down with moss, don't worry about playing the twilight music in the city. ——"Cold Food" by Zhao Ding of the Song Dynasty
In the quiet Chaimen village of Hanshi, people are also taught to plant willows to record their years.
Forbidden. When the smoke reaches the Cantonese country, Pang's hometown is also brought to the tomb.
There is no rice in the Han Dynasty's tomb, and there are pear blossoms on the mountain and stream paths. Don't worry about the cold food festival. The customs and lyrical travelers know that the year has changed. Suddenly, the spring arrives in the sad place at the end of the world. I remember the flowers in full bloom and the moonlight in the palace. . It is clear that Huaxu dreamed, looking back at the east wind with tears all over his clothes - Song Dynasty·Zhao Ding's "Partridge Sky·Jiankang Shangyuan"
Partridge Sky·Jiankang Shangyuan as a guest. Sequence shift. Spring suddenly arrives on the peach branches. In the desolate place, I remember the time when the flowers were in full bloom and the moon was shining brightly. The clothes are full of tears. On the Lantern Festival, I remember the patriotic fragrance of the past, and the fragrance of the mandarin duck tent is still fresh. Blow it all. The east wind is strong in the dusk. ——Zhao Ding, Song Dynasty, "Dianpinchu·Spring Sorrow"
Dianpinchu·Spring Melancholy is fragrant in the cold golden furnace, and no one cares about the lingering fragrance in the mandarin duck tent. A pillow of sorrow in Jiangnan.
I feel like my spring clothes are fading away. The apricot blossoms are blowing in the dusk. See more of Zhao Ding's poems. gt;