Cultural knowledge 1. What are the basic cultural knowledge?
The basic knowledge of culture includes history, geography and politics.
The basic knowledge of culture belongs to the examination content of comprehensive cultural subjects, which mainly examines the overall grasp of the basic skills of three middle school courses, such as history, geography and politics, as well as the thinking ability of comprehensively analyzing and solving problems with knowledge. Requirements for expanding the course of material history: 1. Re-recognize and retell important historical facts.
Compare and evaluate historical events and historical figures according to historical facts, and demonstrate some viewpoints. 2. Describe the process of the emergence, development or extinction of historical phenomena, and summarize the reasons.
Make an accurate and clear statement. Geography curriculum ability requirements: 1. Use maps to understand the names and distribution of important geographical things, important geographical data and major current events related to geography.
2. Understand the geographical situation, regional characteristics and differences of China, and understand the geographical national conditions, basic national policies and relevant policies and regulations of China, as well as land development and remediation measures. Political course ability requirements: 1, re-recognize or reproduce the knowledge of philosophy, economy and politics.
Understand the basic concepts and viewpoints involved in philosophical common sense, economic common sense and political common sense, and master the internal relations between knowledge. 2. Use historical, dialectical and class viewpoints and methods to analyze, compare and explain relevant political and economic phenomena and understand the essence of things.
3. Comprehensive understanding and evaluation of relevant theoretical and practical issues. Use philosophical, economic and political terms correctly, and express clearly and logically.
Baidu encyclopedia-cultural synthesis.
2. What are the basic cultural knowledge?
The basic knowledge of culture includes history, geography and politics.
The basic knowledge of culture belongs to the examination content of comprehensive cultural subjects, which mainly examines the overall grasp of the basic skills of three middle school courses, such as history, geography and politics, as well as the thinking ability of comprehensively analyzing and solving problems with knowledge.
Extended data
The ability requirements of history course:
1. Re-recognize and retell important historical facts. Compare and evaluate historical events and historical figures according to historical facts, and demonstrate some viewpoints.
2. Describe the process of the emergence, development or extinction of historical phenomena, and summarize the reasons. Make an accurate and clear statement.
Geography curriculum ability requirements:
1. Learn the names and distribution of important geographical things, important geographical data and important current events related to geography by combining maps.
2. Understand the geographical situation, regional characteristics and differences of China, and understand the geographical national conditions, basic national policies and relevant policies and regulations of China, as well as land development and remediation measures.
Political course ability requirements:
1. Re-recognize or reproduce knowledge in philosophy, economy and politics. Understand the basic concepts and viewpoints involved in philosophical common sense, economic common sense and political common sense, and master the internal relations between knowledge.
2. Use historical, dialectical and class viewpoints and methods to analyze, compare and explain relevant political and economic phenomena and understand the essence of things.
3. Comprehensive understanding and evaluation of relevant theoretical and practical issues. Use philosophical, economic and political terms correctly, and express clearly and logically.
Baidu encyclopedia-cultural synthesis
3. Some simple literary knowledge
Common sense of literature
1. The first female poet was Cai Yan (Wen Xi).
2. General history of the first biography: Historical Records
3. The first dictionary is Erya.
The first encyclopedia was Yongle Dadian.
5. The first book of poetry is The Book of Songs.
6. The first anthology: Zhao Ming Anthology
7. The first dictionary: Explain Chinese characters by explaining them.
8. The first collection of myths: Shan Hai Jing
9. China's first collection of classical novels: Shi Shuo Xin Yu
10. The first collection of strange stories in classical Chinese, Search for Ji Shen.
1 1. The first bibliography: The Analects of Confucius
12. The first chronicle book is: Spring and Autumn Period.
13. The first dynastic history: Hanshu
14. The first art book: The Art of War by Sun Tzu
15. Part II Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Xiangru
16. Yuefu: Mulan word Peacock flies southeast, Fu Qin Yinjia. . .
.. 17. A mirror of historical records.
18. Erpai: the first moment of surprise, the second moment of surprise (Ling Mengchu)
19. Da Du Li: Li Bai Du Fu Xiao Du Li: Li Shangyin Du Mu
20. Gemini in China's modern literary world: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo.
2 1. Three Immortals: Lide made meritorious service.
22. Three generations: Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties
23. Three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals: Zuo Zhuan, Ram Zhuan and Gu Liang Zhuan.
24. Three Kings: Yu Xia, Duke of Shang Tang.
25. Sanshan: Yingzhou, the abbot of Penglai.
26. Three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism
27. Sangong: During the week, Sima Situpu was ordinary.
In the Western Han Dynasty, Prime Minister Qiu was a doctor.
Qingming, Taishi, Taifu Taibao
28. Three Caos: Cao Cao and Cao Pizhi
29. Three elements of public security: Yuan Zhongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zongdao.
30. Sangu Building in Jiangnan: Yueyang Building in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang.
3 1. Three friends in the cold year: Songzhumei
32. Sanfu: Zuo Fengyi, You Fufeng and Jing.
33. Three elements of scientific research: first after having obtained the provincial examination, first after taking the exam, first in palace examination, and first in the school (Huiyuan, champion).
34. the palace exam is three-fixed: the champion first explores flowers.
35. The three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Chinese Medicine and Chinese Painting.
36. Three words: Yu Shiming's words of warning and awakening the world (Feng Menglong)
37. Confucian Classic Three Rites: The Book of Rites of Zhou Li and Yi Li.
38. Three officials: Xin 'an official, Shi Haoguan and Tongguan official.
39. Three Farewells: Don't get old and homeless when you get married.
40. Guo Moruo's "Goddess" trilogy-the rebirth of Guo Xiang Tang Di's "Flower of the Goddess"
4 1. Mao Dun's "Erosion" Trilogy: The Pursuit of Disillusionment and Shake
Rural trilogy: Spring Silkworm Harvest in Autumn and Remaining Winter
42. Ba Jin's Trilogy of "Love": Fog, Rain and Electricity
Riptide trilogy: Spring and Autumn Homeland
43. The first national history: Mandarin
44. The first album recording the words and deeds of counselors and military strategists: National Policy and Warring States Policy.
45. The first historical prose with the theme of personal words and deeds: Yan Zi Chun Qiu.
46. The first great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan
47. The first narrative poem: Peacock Flying Southeast (357 sentences, 1785 words).
48. The first monograph on literary criticism: Canon? Paper (Cao Pi)
49. The first pastoral poet: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming
50. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Liu Xie, a native of A Liang, wrote his first monograph on literary theory and criticism, Wen Xin Diao Long.
5 1. The first monograph on poetry theory and criticism & Zhong Rong's Poems, born in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
52. The first popular science work, a comprehensive academic work written in the form of notes: Meng Qian Bi Tan by Shen Kuo in the Northern Song Dynasty.
53. The first diary travel notes: Xu Hongzu's Travel Notes of Xu Xiake in Ming Dynasty.
54. The first poetess, also known as "one pronoun Sect": Li Qingzhao.
4. What does the basic knowledge of culture generally mean?
Hello, landlord! Basic knowledge of culture, what to test? It's hard to answer your question. All kinds of knowledge have a "cultural foundation", such as the history of China, ancient China, tour guides, literature and art, etc.
You have to look at the people who have problems in your company. What they are good at. They can't ask questions that he doesn't understand. I found this for you. Please refer to: basic knowledge of culture: (1) the concept and characteristics of culture; How to treat national traditional culture and foreign culture?
(2) The concept, characteristics and analysis methods of popular culture. (3) the relationship between culture and civilization, and the relationship between culture and politics and economy.
(Intellectual property mainly refers to copyright, trademark right, patent right, etc. I hope my answer can solve your problem and help you. I wish you a happy day.
5. Ask for some literary knowledge
By memorizing this sentence 148, we can upgrade to a higher level, not just literature.
(In order to thank you for your love of this article, I would like to add one of my favorite words: travelers often come, doers often succeed, and doers often stop, often stop) 1. Those who know me make me worry, and those who don't know me make me want. (The Book of Songs Feng Wang) 2. What is immortality without instruments?
The Book of Songs is like a mouse. The speaker is innocent and the speaker is warned. (preface to the book of songs) 4. By other's faults, wise men correct their own.
(He Ming in Xiao Ya's The Book of Songs) 5. Give me a peach and give it back to Li. (The Book of Songs is elegant and restrained) 6. If you commit a crime in heaven, you can still violate it. If you commit crimes yourself, you can't live.
(Shangshu) 7, full of losses, modest benefits. (Shangshu Daxie) 8. From good to evil.
(Putonghua) 9. Many lines of injustice will kill you. (Zuo Zhuan) 10, prepared for danger in times of peace, mentally prepared, unprepared.
(Zuo zhuan) 1 1. It is human nature to make mistakes. It's hard to change after that. (Zuo zhuan) 12, those who know others are wise, and those who know themselves are clear.
(Laozi) 13. Good words are not beautiful, and no one believes them. (Laozi) 14, misfortune is a blessing, and happiness is a blessing.
(Laozi) 15, the folded wood, born in the end; Nine-story platform, starting with tired soil; A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. (Laozi) 16, sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions.
(Analects of Gongye Chang) 17. Do as you would be done by. (Analects of Yan Yuan) 18. Sharp tools make good work.
(The Analects of Wei Linggong) 19, an upright person is open and poised, while a narrow-minded person is anxious and worried. ("The Analects of Confucius" said) 20, cold, and then know that pines and cypresses are dying.
(The Analects of Confucius) 2 1. Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous. ("The Analects of Confucius for Politics") 22. The knower is not confused, the benevolent is not worried, and the brave is not afraid.
(The Analects of Confucius) 23. Who is wrong? It's hard to change after that. (The Analects of Confucius) 24. Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, just knowing.
("The Analects of Confucius for Politics") 25. Knowing is not as good as being good, and being good is not as good as being happy. (The Analects of Confucius also) 26. He is honest and does not give orders; His body is not straight, although he disobeys.
(The Analects of Confucius and Tao) 27. In a threesome, there must be a teacher: choose the good and follow it, and change it if it is not good. (The Analects of Confucius) 28. The road trip is open to the public.
(The Book of Rites) 29. Everything is established in advance, and it is abolished if it is not foreseen. (The Book of Rites) 30. Learning is not enough, teaching is difficult.
(Book of Rites) 3 1, jade is rough and abrasive; People don't learn or know. (The Book of Rites) 32. It's a long way, but this is Xiu Yuan, so I will go up and down.
(Qu Sao) 33. Short and long. (Chu Ci Complement) 34. It is better to believe in books than not to have them.
Mencius devoted himself to this. Born in sorrow, died in happiness. (Mencius told his son) 36. The more help you get, the less help you get.
(Mencius Gongsun Chou) 37. The people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light. Mencius devoted himself to this. If you are poor, you will be immune to it, and if you are rich, you will help the world.
(for Mencius) 39. Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages, which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people. (Mencius Gongsun Chou) 40. Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent.
(Mencius Teng Wengong) 4 1, perseverance, stone can be carved. (Xunzi advised) 42. My life is limited, and so is my knowledge.
(Zhuangzi) 43. A friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, but a friendship between villains is as sweet as cucumber. (Zhuangzi) 44. Be knowledgeable, interrogate, think carefully, distinguish and do it.
("The Doctrine of the Mean" 45. It's better to retreat and form a net. (Huai Nanzi said Xun Lin) 46. The wind blows in Shui Han, and the strong men are gone forever.
(The Warring States Policy Jing Ke stabbed the King of Qin) 47. Peaches and plums are self-sufficient. (Biography of Historical Records and Li Lie) 48. Swallows know the ambition of swans.
(Historical Records of Chen She Family) 49. In the process of strategizing, we won the battle thousands of miles away. (Biography of Emperor Gaozu in Historical Records) 50. Good advice is unpleasant to the ear, but good medicine is good for illness.
(Historical Records of Liu Hou's House) 5 1. People are inherently mortal, either heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather. ("Historical Records Ren Benji") Page 52. A wise man will lose something if he thinks for a long time; A fool may give advice to a wise man.
("Historical Records and Biography of Huaiyin Hou" 53. A rope saws wood, but a drop of water wears through. (Han Meicheng Biography) 54. If you don't know, you must do it yourself.
(Han Meicheng writes to the King of Wu) 55. If young people don't work hard, old people will be sad. (Han Yuefu Long Songs) 56. Gao Feng knows the power of grass, and when he sees it in the cold, it will wither.
(The Biography of Wang Ba in the Later Han Dynasty) 57. Lost in the east corner, harvesting mulberries. (The Biography of Feng Yi in the Later Han Dynasty) 58. When you are sincere, the stone opens.
(biography of Wang Si of Han Shu's mausoleum) 59. Poor knowledge can't be forgotten, and the wife of dross can't stay in class. (Song Hongchuan in the later Han Dynasty) 60. People with lofty ideals don't drink water from stolen springs, and honest people don't suffer from what they eat.
(Korea) 6 1, the old man crouches tiger, hides dragon, and aims at a thousand miles; The martyrs were full of courage in their later years. Cao lived for a long time in the Three Kingdoms. The mountain will never be too high and the sea will never be too deep; The duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart.
(Three Kingdoms short song by Cao Cao) 63. If you don't learn, you can't be versatile, and if you don't want to learn, you can't. ("Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang's admonition") 64. Not cold, not quiet, not far away.
(Zhuge Liang's "The Records of the Three Kingdoms: A Book of Advice") 65. Don't do evil, don't do good. (Three Kingdoms Liu Bei) 66. The country is people-oriented, and the people take food as the sky.
(History of the Three Kingdoms of Chen Shou in the Western Jin Dynasty) 67. If you don't come back in the prime of life, it will be difficult to get up in the morning. Tao Yuanming's Miscellaneous Poems in Eastern Jin Dynasty) 68. Don't worry about poverty, don't worry about wealth.
(Biography of Mr. Tao Yuanming and Mr. Wu Liu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty) 69. A year's plan lies in spring, and a day's plan lies in morning. (Southern Dynasty Xiao Duo) 70. Life is worse than death.
(Biography of Jing 'an in Northern Qi Dynasty) 7 1, the authorities are fascinated, but the bystanders are clear. (New Tang Book Yuan Xing Chong Chuan) 72. The wind knows the grass, and the board swings to know the loyal minister.
(Tang Taizong Xiao Yu) 73. However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven will remain our neighbor. (Tang sent Ren Shu as a biography) 74. But as long as you climb a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles.
(Love of the King's Hall in Heron Villa) 75. The yellow sand wears the golden armor for hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned. (Tang Wang Changling joined the army) 76. Clear water produces hibiscus, which is naturally carved.
On Li Bai's Poems in Tang Dynasty. Dapeng rises with the wind one day and soars into Wan Li. (Tang Libai went to Li Yong) 78. We are both full of longing and want to go to the sky to embrace the bright moon.
(Tang Li Bai Xuanzhou Xie farewell school Shu) 79. Laugh and watch the sky go out, my generation is Artemisia. (Tang Libai, Nanling children go to Beijing) 80. Since God has given talents, let them be used! , spin one thousand silver, all back! .
(Tang Libai drinks) 8 1 One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight up and cross the deep sea. .
6. Common sense of ancient culture
The genre of the paper and the genre of the article; Wu Yuzhen's genre is the expression of literary works, which can be classified according to different standards.
This paper focuses on literary genre and article genre. Literary genres include poetry, prose, novel and drama.
The characteristics of poetry are: concise reflection of life, strong sense of color, imaginative, unique, rhythmic and musical language. Classification of poetry: according to the forms of expression, it can be divided into lyric poetry, narrative poetry and reasoning poetry; According to the rhythm, it can be divided into metrical poems and free poems; According to language, it can be divided into old-style poems and new-style poems.
China's ancient poems include old-style poems, ci poems and songs. Old-style poems include ancient poems and modern poems.
Classical poetry, also known as classical poetry, is not restricted by strict metrical rules, and the sentence patterns are four-character, five-character and seven-character (words are words); Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry, includes metrical poems and quatrains, with strict metrical patterns and five-character and seven-character sentence patterns. Judging from the length of words, less than 58 words are minor, 59-90 words are alto, and more than 90 words are long.
Qu, generally referring to Sanqu, prevailed in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and was a lyrical subtext. The mainstream of China's modern poetry is new poetry.
"New Poetry" is a new style poem created and developed by 19 19 during the May 4th New Literature Movement, written in vernacular Chinese. The meter of new poems is not as strict as that of old poems, but the lines have a certain rhythm, and the last word of even lines generally rhymes.
Free verse in new poetry is more free, and some of them don't even rhyme or punctuate. In ancient literature, in order to distinguish ancient prose from verse and parallel prose, all articles with irregular rhymes and sentences are called prose.
Modern prose refers to a literary genre juxtaposed with poetry, novel and drama. Prose is characterized by "scattered form but not spirit".
That is, the selection of materials is extensive and free, the expression method is flexible and changeable, and various techniques such as narration, description, lyricism and discussion can be used; But the center must be clear and focused. Prose can be divided into narrative prose (focusing on remembering people's stories) and lyric prose (focusing on lyricism).
Novel is a literary genre that reflects social life through the description of characters, plots and environment. The three elements of a novel are: characters, stories and environment.
An important feature of the novel is to create typical characters, who are portrayed through portraits, psychological activities, actions and language. The story of the novel includes: beginning, development, * * * and ending.
Some novels have orderly words and epilogues. The environmental description of the novel includes social environment and natural environment.
Novels can be divided into novels, novellas, short stories and short stories by length. China's novels originated from ancient myths and legends, and experienced the development process of Six Dynasties, Tang legends, Song and Yuan scripts, Ming Hui novels and modern novels since the May 4th Movement.
Drama is a comprehensive stage art, with the help of literature, music, dance, art, lighting, clothing and other artistic means to shape the image of stage art, reveal social contradictions and reflect social life. A script is a dramatic work and a "script" of a dramatic performance, which consists of dialogues between characters or lyrics and stage descriptions.
The dramatic value of the script lies in that it can be performed and read out of the stage, which has literary value. The characteristics of the script are: sharp contradictions and conflicts, personalized dialogue, suitable for stage performances.
Classification of drama: historical drama, drama, pantomime, etc. According to the types of works, there are tragedies, comedies and dramas (mainly serious contradictions and conflicts); According to the structure, there are one-act dramas and whole dramas; According to artistic forms, there are drama, opera, ballet, pantomime, drama sketches and so on. The genre of the article includes narrative, expository, argumentative and practical writing, which are collectively called practical writing.
1. Narrative narrative can be divided into two categories: writing notes and writing landscapes. The narrative elements are: time, place, people and events.
The narrative order of narrative text includes: sequence, flashback, insertion, supplementary narrative, etc. Narrative manifestations include: narration, description, explanation, discussion, lyricism and so on.
The types of narrative are: news, communication, biography, memoir, reportage, novel, prose and so on. 2. Explanatory text is an article that grasps the characteristics of things and explains the shape, nature, characteristics, causes, relations and functions of things.
Common discourses include general discourses and literary discourses (scientific papers). 3. Argumentative essay is an article that shows the author's views and opinions in a discussion way.
The elements of argumentative writing are: argument, argument and argumentation. The basic structure of argumentative writing is: introduction, theory and conclusion.
The basic argumentation methods of argumentative writing are: putting facts and reasoning. Proposing and proving one's argument in an argumentative paper is called an argument; To prove others' arguments wrong is called refutation.
4. Practical writing is a common style in daily life or work, including letters, plans, reports, contracts, summaries, instructions, applications, certificates, notes, bills (IOUs, receipts), notices and announcements.
7. Seek common sense of literature in senior one (a little more)
Commonly used metonyms: 1, Sang: hometown 2, Tao Li: student 3, country, Xuanyuan: country 4, Nanguan: prisoner 5, classmate 6, beacon smoke: war 7, woman 8, bamboo and silk: music 9, man: man. Hand and foot: brother 12, history: history 13, husband and wife: husband and wife 14, Ding Bai, Buyi: common people 15, listless, yellow hair: old man 16, Sang Ma: farming 65433. Looking down: children 18, three feet: fa 19, below the knee: parents 20, canopy: luck 2 1, letter, Jane, stationery, Hongyan, Za: letter 22, temple: imperial court 2, author's work:/kloc-0. They were advocates of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty. 3. Father and son poets: Su Xun (Lao Su), Su Shi (Da Su) and Su Zhe (Xiao Su). 4. Bold poets: Su Shi and Xin Qiji, also known as "Su Xin"; Graceful lyricist: Li Qingzhao (poetess) 5. Du Li: Li Bai, Du Fu. Little Du Li: Li Shangyin, Du Mu. 6. Qu Yuan, the earliest great poet in China, created a new poetic style of "Chu Ci" and a romantic style of China's poetry. 7. Confucius, named Zhong Ni, was a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is a Confucian. They are also called Confucius and Mencius. 8. Su Shi praised Wang Wei for "painting in poetry and poetry in painting." 9. Du Fu was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. His poems reflected the social reality extensively and profoundly, and were called "the history of poetry". Du Fu was therefore honored as a "poet saint" and had three famous "officials": Tongguan official and Shi Haoguan. "Three Farewells": wedding farewell, old love farewell and homelessness farewell. 10. China's first biographical general history is Historical Records (also called Taishi Gongshu), which was written by Sima Qian in Han Dynasty. Lu Xun called Historical Records "the swan song of historians". *** 130 articles. 1 1, Four Histories: Historical Records, Hanshu, Houhanshu and the History of the Three Kingdoms. 12, four great masters in Yuan Dynasty: Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu, Bai Pu and Ma Zhiyuan. "Ambition" is narrative, and "alienation" is a strange thing. 14. Four great calligraphers: f incarnation, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, Ou Yangxun, Zhao Meng 15. The main schools and representatives of a hundred schools of thought contended during the Warring States Period: Confucianism, Confucius, Mencius, Legalism, Han Feizi, Taoism, Zhuangzi, Li Ezi, Mohism and Mozi1. Cen Can, Wang Changling 18, Tang Zong: Tang Taizong, Li Shimin, Song Zu, Song Taizu, Zhao Kuangyin, Qin Huang, Qin Shihuang, Ying Zheng, Hanwu, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Liu Che 19, and the first pastoral poet in China was Tao Yuanming (Tao Qian) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. 20. Four misers in world literature: Grandet, Shylock and Shylock. The earliest patriotic poet was Qu Yuan; The earliest pastoral poet was Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The earliest and most outstanding frontier poets were Gao Shi and Cen Can in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The most outstanding uninhibited poet in ancient times was Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty. The most outstanding poetess in ancient times was Li Qingzhao in the Southern Song Dynasty. The most famous patriotic poet in ancient times was Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty. The greatest romantic poet in ancient times was Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty. The greatest realistic poet in ancient times was Du Fu in Tang Dynasty. The patriotic poet who wrote the most poems in ancient times was Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty. The most famous novel in ancient times was The Journey to the West in Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty. The most famous historical novel in ancient times is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong in the early Ming Dynasty. The earliest novel of peasant uprising in ancient times was Shi Naian's Water Margin at the end of Yuan and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. The greatest realistic novel in ancient times was A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin in Qing Dynasty. The most outstanding satirical novel in ancient times is Wu's Scholars in Qing Dynasty. The most outstanding collection of classical short stories in ancient China is Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in Qing Dynasty. The earliest recorded prose in ancient times was The Analects of Confucius. The earliest chronicle work in ancient times was Zuo Zhuan. The earliest biographical history in ancient times was Historical Records. The most outstanding inscription in ancient times was Liu Yuxi's Humble Room Inscription in Tang Dynasty. The greatest writer in modern times is Lu Xun; The most outstanding novel in modern times is Midnight by Mao Dun. The most influential collection of short stories in modern times is Lu Xun's Scream. Fourth, cultural knowledge: 1, four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty:, Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo. Second, the Three Kingdoms: Wei, Shu and Wu. Three, the "four classic masterpieces": A Dream of Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margin. The prose of the world's four great short story masters, Chekhov, Mo Bosang, Mark Twain, O Henry 6 and Su Shi, represents the highest achievement of prose in the Northern Song Dynasty, and their poems are called "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. 7. Ma Zhiyuan's masterpiece "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" is known as "the ancestor of Qiu Si". 8. Cao Xueqin "read for ten years and added or deleted five books. After it came out, it spread widely and was deeply loved by people. A Dream of Red Mansions, a subject devoted to this book, also appeared, and now it has become an important topic in the study of world literature. 9. Lu Xun is the founder of modern literature in China, and Chen Yi is called "Marshal Poet"; Cang Kejia is called a "local poet" because most of his poems are rural themes. In other places, Wen Yiduo is known as the "drummer of the times" (drummer poet). 10, three friends of cold age: pine, bamboo and plum. 1 1, the four gentlemen in flowers: plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum. 12, and four friends of literati: qinqi calligraphy and painting. Set. 15, the six meanings in The Book of Songs refer to: style, elegance, praise (classification), fu, comparison, xing (expression). 16, Tang poetry, Song poetry, Yuanqu, Ming and Qing novels. 17, Gui, Aotou, and Qing novels.