"Inscription on the Humble Room" is selected from the 608th volume of "The Complete Tang Dynasty" and was written by Liu Yuxi (also known as Mengde), a poet of the Tang Dynasty. "Inscription on the Humble Room" combines description, lyricism and discussion. Through a detailed description of the quiet and elegant environment of the "humble room" and the elegant demeanor of the owner, he expresses his feelings of breeze. The article uses techniques such as contrast, line drawing, allusion, and allusion, and has a strong sense of rhyme and rhyme. It is a striking and natural flow to read. When the song ends, the lingering sound lingers, making people have endless aftertaste. The article expresses the author's attitude towards life that does not conform to the secular world, is clean and self-sufficient, and does not seek fame and wealth. It expresses the author's noble and arrogant sentiments and reveals the author's reclusive taste of living in poverty and enjoying life.
The article "Inscription on a Humble Room" has not been included in Liu Yuxi's collections. In recent years, some people have suspected that it is a forgery. However, this article has been repeatedly recorded in previous generations, and the content is consistent with the author's actions. It seems that it is still appropriate to regard Liu as the author. This article was written during the reign of Hezhou (824-826). "Liyang Dianlu": "The humble house was built in the prefecture by Liu Yuxi, the governor of Tanghe Prefecture. It has an inscription and a stele written by Liu Gongquan." Inscriptions are words carved on objects in ancient times to warn oneself or describe merits. They are mostly used to praise merits and virtues. Shenjianjie
Inscriptions are an ancient rhyming style carved on gold and stone. They are mostly used to praise virtues and warn oneself. After understanding the meaning of the inscription, you also understand the meaning of the title. The author expressed his ambition through the object, and tried his best to describe the humble room through the description of the room. The center of "This is a humble room, but I am virtuous" is actually Using the name of a shabby house to praise moral character expresses the noble and arrogant moral integrity of the owner of the house and his taste for living in poverty and enjoying peace and prosperity. [5]
The "Inscription on the Humble Room" begins with the theme of mountains and rivers. The water does not need to be deep, as long as there is a fairy dragon, you can be famous. Then, although the residence is simple, it will be famous because of the "virtue" of the owner. "Xin" means that a humble house can become famous because of the presence of people with high moral character. The reputation will spread far and wide, and it will be engraved with gold and stone to remember it. Ordinary landscapes are brought to life by immortal dragons, so of course humble houses can also be spread with fragrance by people of high moral character. This technique of leveraging strength is really wonderful and can be said to be the author's unique ingenuity. Especially the fairy dragon embellishes the landscape, which is a wonderful idea. "This is a humble house, but I am virtuous and kind." The title starts from the landscape, fairy dragons, and the author directly cuts into the theme with a sudden change of style, laying the foundation for reading the introduction. It also points out the reason why a humble house is not poor. The reason is the word Dexin. [6-7]
At this point, it can be seen that the author wrote this essay after repeated thinking, and it was definitely not a temporary inspiration. Quatrains can be a sudden inspiration, but flawless connection is the result of daily accumulation of skills and repeated deliberation. 4-7 Sentences: This article was written out of difficulty and carved on stone, which has a strong tit-for-tat nature. Judging from the writing technique of the full text, the whole text is written in one go with the technique of "comparison", rather than as a contrast. So what exactly are the two sentences "moss marks" and "talking and laughing" talking about? Moss is still green on the stone steps, and weeds are still lush and green in the wasteland. What is the implication? I, Liu Yuxi, will never change my true character wherever I go. The people I associate with are all well-educated and learned people, and there are no uneducated people (like you). The author uses moss and weeds to describe his independent personality. This is a portrayal of integrity and a declaration of unyieldingness.
If sentences 1 to 3 of this article are a kind of foreshadowing, then sentences 4 to 7 enter the real confrontation. The author uses poetic and beautiful language to show his pride and pride, and at the same time, he also mercilessly lashes out at the snobs. [7]
The author of "Zhuge Cottage in Nanyang and Yun Pavilion in Western Shu" uses Zhuge Liang's thatched cottage and Xuanting in Yangziyun in Western Shu as analogies to draw out his own humble house and people as his own role models, hoping that I can also have noble morals like them, which reflects my thought of describing myself as an ancient sage, and also implies that a humble house is not a humble one. In fact, Liu Yuxi's writing has another profound meaning, that is, Zhuge Liang was living in Wolong Caolu waiting for the Ming Dynasty to come out. And what about Yang Xiong? But he was a man who was indifferent to fame and wealth and devoted himself to studying. Although he was a top official, his indifference to the ups and downs of official position and money was a model for future generations. The author quotes these two people, and what he wants to express is: to be calm in the face of changes, to be unyielding in the face of danger, to stick to one's moral integrity, and to be calm about honor and disgrace.
The key to whether a humble house is good or not is that "a gentleman lives in it", which is what the inscription says at the beginning, "Only my virtue and kindness". This conclusion quotes from classics and appears to be a powerful warning, completely turning the word "bad" on its head. Inscriptions are generally in rhyme, and often use parallelism and couplets. This article is a parallel prose, using rhymes such as Ming, Ling, Xin, Qing, Ding, Jing, Xing, Ting, etc., to make the sentence structure of the article neat, the rhythm clear, and the phonology harmonious; it is also varied and eclectic, making it easy to read. It sounds ups and downs, without any dull feeling. Except for the last sentence, the whole article is in parallel sentences, and the rhymes are Ming, Ling, Xin, Qing, Ding, Jing, Xing, Ting and other words.
This room inscription, which is less than a hundred words, implicitly expresses the author's elegant aspirations and interests of living in poverty and being happy with morality, and his independent personality that is not concerned with the ups and downs of the world. It reveals to people the following truth: Although the room is simple and materially lacking, as long as the owner of the room has high moral character and a fulfilling life, the house will be filled with fragrance, elegance and ambition can be seen everywhere, and there is a magical spiritual power that transcends material things. [3]
Some people think that when Liu Yuxi wrote this article, he was already in the later stage of his relegated life. His mood was relatively stable and he was pursuing a peaceful and peaceful life. At the same time, the article also contains content about reading Buddhist scriptures, so the inscription reveals a kind of The negative elements of escapism. This should be analyzed from two aspects: When society is in a dark period, literati and officials have two ways out. One is to collude with the corrupt forces and surrender to self-destruction. The first is to take a step back, as Mencius said, "If you are poor, you can live alone" and maintain your righteousness and independent personality. In comparison, the latter is more worthy of recognition, and Liu Yuxi chose this path. At the same time, human life is complicated, with tensions and relaxations. We cannot be tense all the time, but we also need to rest and have fun sometimes. Therefore, leisure cannot be simply criticized. On the other hand, the inscription also reflects the author's grand ambitions. He quoted Zhuge Lu and Ziyunting with special meanings. Zhuge Liang is a politician and Yang Xiong is a writer. These are also the two ideals of the author's life. In his early years, he He was aggressive and ambitious in the reform; after being demoted, he got involved in the literary world, and finally became famous as a writer. Therefore, there is also a positive and enterprising spirit in the article. [3]
The writing feature of this article is the clever use of metaphors to express the theme implicitly. The first four sentences are both metaphors and metaphors, saying that mountains and rivers lead to humble houses, and immortals and dragons lead to virtue. Xin, the name and spirit imply that a humble house is not shabby. Using Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ziyun Pavilion in Western Shu as analogies to shabby houses, it expresses the author's two ideals of politics and literature. Finally, he quotes the words of Confucius and implies the profound meaning of "gentlemen live there". Secondly, a large number of rhetorical techniques of parallelism and antithesis are used. Parallel sentences can create a majestic literary momentum. For example, the parallelism in the first few sentences makes the whole article smooth and establishes a parallel style pattern. Dual sentences are easy to form ups and downs in content, such as the six dual sentences in the middle, which are both descriptive and narrative, with concise words, rich meaning, and a strong sense of rhythm. The article also uses rhetorical techniques such as pronouns and introductions.
In short, this is a masterpiece with high ideological and artistic quality, so it can be passed down and popular