1. Classical Chinese History of the Song Dynasty. Translation of the Biography of Li Xiaoshou
When Li Xiaoshou, a native of the Song Dynasty, was the governor of Kaifeng, one of his sons was bullied by his servants. He was very angry and prepared to prepare. He thought of filing a lawsuit with Kaifeng Mansion, but he dropped it after being dissuaded by another scholar in the same group. Later, on a whim, I took out the lawsuit and imitated Li Xiaoshou's penmanship and wrote the verdict: "No review is required, and I will be punished with twenty broad strokes." But there was no actual beating.
The next day, the servant took this lawsuit to the government office and accused his master of imitating the judgment of the governor and using the punishment privately. Li Xiaoshou called the servant in for questioning. After learning what had happened, he became furious and said, "This sentence is exactly what I thought."
He punished the two servants on the spot. Top ten boards. [happy! ] and ordered him to apologize to his master. This move made no one of the thousands of servants in the capital dare to act arrogantly.
Duke Xian of Song and Yuan Dynasties (born in the Song Dynasty, whose real name was Xiang, whose courtesy name was Gongxu, and whose posthumous title was Yuanxian) resigned from the post of prime minister and guarded Luoyang. There was a man who had tax evasion items in his luggage and was reported and accused by his servants. Song Xiang said: "When a person goes to Beijing to take the imperial examination, who has no luggage? He cannot be punished severely. But if a slave accuses his master, this trend cannot be broken!"
He only sent the person to the tax court. The tax was doubled, and the servant was punished with a rod.
2. Looking for ancient Chinese translation
Chen Yaozuo became a Jinshi and served successively as Wei County and Zhongmu County Lieutenant. He wrote an article "Hai Yu", and people were surprised by his ambition.
The secretary of the Provincial School, Shanlang, knew Chaoyi County. It happened that his brother Chen Yaosou was on a mission to Shaanxi and exposed the crimes of the eunuch Baoji. Fang Baoji resented him, framed Chen Yaosuo and demoted him to Chaoyi County. County Register. He was transferred to the post of chief registrar of Xiabang County, promoted to Secretary Lang, magistrate of Zhenyuan County, appointed to be the Secretary of Kaifeng Prefecture and participated in the military affairs, and was promoted to the official position of Kaifeng Prefecture.
Because of his disobedience to the imperial edict, he was demoted to Chaozhou General Magistrate. Confucius Temple and Han Libu Temple were built to educate the Chaozhou people.
The son of Zhang, a commoner, was bathing with his mother in the river. A crocodile followed and ate the son, but the mother could not rescue him. When Chen Yaozuo heard about it, he was very sad and ordered two small officials to take a small boat and go to catch him with a net.
The crocodile is the most ferocious and cannot be caught in the net. At this time, the crocodile obeyed and was caught in the net. Chen Yaozuo wrote an article and showed the crocodile to the market and cooked it. People were surprised. Chen Yaozuo was called back to the court and appointed as Zhishi Guan and Zhi Shouzhou.
During the great famine that year, Chen Yaozuo used his salary rice to make porridge for the hungry people to eat. Officials donated rice to help tens of thousands of people. He was transferred to Luzhou. Due to his father's illness, he asked to resign and go home to raise some issues in the Kaifeng government. Later, he was the deputy envoy for the transfer of Zhejiang and Zhejiang.
The Qiantang River used bamboo cages and stones to build an embankment. The embankment was destroyed in the second year. Chen Yaozuo requested that firewood be filled with soil to make it strong and durable, but Ding Wei did not think so. Chen Yaozuo was appointed as the transport envoy to the west of Beijing, and finally implemented Chen Yaozuo's suggestion.
He was changed to the transfer envoy of Hedong Road. The land in Hedong was barren and the people were poor and relied on charcoal for survival. They petitioned the court to exempt them from taxes. It also reduced the taxes levied on Zezhou Daguang Smelting Iron by hundreds of thousands.
When he was transferred to Hebei Province, his old mother asked him to be taken care of nearby, so she summoned him to inspect the prison in Beijing and arrange officials for the imperial examination. He was demoted due to mistakes in the arrangement and was sent to prison in the Ezhou tea farm. He was called to study "History of the Three Dynasties" as a fellow student, and replaced his younger brother Chen Yaozi as a co-knowledge of Kaifeng Prefecture.
The magistrate of Xiangfu County, Chen Jiu, was strict and harsh in his administration. His officials planned to incriminate Chen Jiu, so they sent the county man to flee. The Queen Mother was really angry. However, Chen Jiu and Lu Yijian were married, and the ruling ministers did not dare to argue because of suspicion. . The matter was reported to the Privy Council, and Chen Yaozuo said alone: ??"Punishment of Chen Ji will make the traitorous officials gain a trick. Who will dare to restrain subordinate officials in the future?" Chen Ji was thus exempted.
Chen Yaozuo served as a counselor in government affairs and was promoted to Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs. He was diligent and thrifty by nature. When he saw animals, he would always warn his attendants not to kill them. When utensils and clothes were broken, he would mend them at any time, saying, "This is just to prevent them from being thrown away."
Known as the "Zhiyuzi". He wrote his own epitaph and said: "It is not considered a premature death to be eighty-two years old, it is not considered a lowly official position, and it is not a shame to receive a salary. These three people can probably be returned to the place where their parents live."
< p> Chen Bo once said to his father: "All three of your sons should be generals, but only the middle son Hao is noble and has a long life." The result turned out to be as Chen Bo said.Chen Yaozuo has thirty volumes of "Collection", as well as "Chaoyang Collection", "Yelu Collection", "Yuqiu Collection" and "Qianxing Collection". This article comes from Vernacular History /0/52/1146 Chen Yaozuo was an upright official throughout his life, and he was bold and courageous, unlike ordinary people.
He was an official in Shaanxi and reported the crimes committed by local officials Baoji. As a result, he was demoted to the position of chief registrar of Chaoyi County. He served as an official in Kaifeng Prefecture and was demoted to Chaozhou General Magistrate for "disobeying the decree".
There was a crocodile cannibalism in Chaozhou. He ordered it to be captured, and after writing several crimes, he cooked and killed it in public. When he was an official in Shouzhou and encountered a great famine, he took the lead in donating rice to cook porridge and saved thousands of people.
He knew that the Yongxing Army discovered that the former official Jiang Zun, in order to please Empress Liu, built a Buddhist pagoda in Jingzhao (today's Xi'an), destroying a large number of "ancient steles and replacing them with bricks and tiles." He immediately reported to the court to stop the destruction and repair. In order to protect the cultural relics, he openly disobeyed Empress Liu.
His achievements in water conservancy are also the greatest among his father and brother. In order to prevent the Qiantang tide, he proposed the "lower salary and real local method".
In order to block the gap of the Yellow River in Huazhou, he invented the "Muyou water killing method". He built embankments and planted willows on both sides of the Fen River to prevent floods, and it became a willow stream that benefited the people for a long time.
His poetry and calligraphy are also the best among his father and brother. In his youth, he studied in Jinping, Langzhong, and later studied with Zhong Fang, a scholar who lived in seclusion in Nanshan.
When he first entered the official career, he wrote an article called "Haiyu", "People are strange and their ambitions are strange". After that, he also had a literary talent, "everyone was surprised". His poems were not as flashy as the "Xikun" school of poetry. He wrote more about landscapes, flowers and trees, embodying aspirations and talking about history, and they were clear and beautiful.
For example, he wrote a poem about his visit to "Guoqing Temple": "The first temple in South Vietnam, I come here with a sincere heart. But I feel that the water under the bridge has flowed away from the human world."
He has There are 30 volumes in the collection, as well as other works such as "Chaoyang Collection", "Yelu Collection", "Yuqiu Collection" and "Qianxing Collection". He persisted in reading and writing even as he grew old.
Translation of Song History, Biographies No. 43 Chen Yaozuo Song Xiang et al. Chen Yaozuo was named Xiyuan, and his ancestors were from Heshuo. The great ancestor Chen Xiang was the magistrate of Xinjing County in Shuzhou, so he settled there and became a native of Banzhong in Chuangzhou.
His father, Chen Shenghua, also known as Shanze, served Meng Chang as the captain of Yanxishui County. After the peace of Shu, he served as the chief administrator of Longcheng and was promoted to the magistrate of Shuoyang County many times.
The Zhengbai Canal in the county was occupied by powerful families in neighboring counties. Chen Shenghua removed all blockages and ensured fair access to water conservancy. The people relied on him and was transferred to Loufan County Magistrate. In the third year of Duangong's reign, Taizong personally took the Jinshi examination. His eldest son, Chen Yaosu, was admitted to the Jia Ke Ke. He thanked him in person with a clear and clear speech. Taizong asked his neighbors, "Whose son is this?" Wang Mian answered that he was the son of Chen Shenghua.
Immediately he called Prince Zhongyun of Hua Hua from Chen Province, and soon he was transferred to the position of Judge of Salt and Iron, and was promoted to the title of Prime Minister of the Palace. The Yellow River broke through Pizhou, and Chen Shenghua was ordered to take charge of the political affairs of Yunzhou.
Soon he was appointed as the transfer envoy of Beijing and Shu, and was appointed as a member of the ancestral hall, Wai Lang, and the magistrate of Suzhou. He was given a goldfish bag and purple clothes. At that time, there was a flood. Chen Shenghua rescued thousands of households and buried all those who died of starvation. The emperor issued an edict to praise him.
He was appointed as Wailang, two members of the Ministry of Household Affairs and the Ministry of Personnel, and was transferred to the post of magistrate of Tanzhou. Chen Shenghua was smart, eloquent and capable of being an official. He entered the court and took charge of Zuo Zangku, judged Nan Cao of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and promoted Honglu Shaoqing.
In the early years of Jingde, he was appointed Quan of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, temporarily acting as the magistrate of Kaifeng Prefecture, and then transferred to the post of Guanglu Qing. It was originally stipulated that the Qing Supervisor would sit in the Duo Hall, and Taizong would temporarily manage the capital with Chen Shenghua, and establish another position, rising below the fifth rank of the two provinces.
Chen Shenghua was very busy with government affairs, so he asked guests, relatives and friends not to visit, and everyone obeyed. Not long after, he asked to be dismissed due to illness, and he became the doctor of Zuo Jianyi. He once again expressed his resignation, but when he was not allowed to do so, the emperor issued an edict to greet him, personally read the prescription, prepared the medicine and gave it to him.
He died in the third year of Jingde at the age of sixty-eight, and was specially given to the prince's young master. Chen Yaozuojin. 3. Read the following classical Chinese passage and complete 17
Three (20 points) 17.D (3 points) 18.C D (4 points, 2 points each) 19. ① (Wang Niansun) After being dismissed from office, He entertains himself by writing books every day, and writes "Reading Magazine".
② (Liu Yuchong) often walks alone in the courtyard, shaking his head and saying to himself: "How could the ancients deceive me?" (4 points, 2 points each.
If the meaning is consistent, any deficiencies will be deducted) 20. Wang Niansun read thousands of volumes in order to research a single word, persevered and rigorously studied, and is worthy of praise; Liu Yuchong blindly followed the classics, did not change the ancients, and ended up in a sad end. We should learn from it As a warning.
(4 points, 2 points each. 1 point for scholarly attitude, 1 point for inspiration.
As long as the meaning is consistent, any shortcomings will be deducted). 4. Guo Dan, also known as Shaoqing, was born in Nanyang. His father was young, and when he became emperor, he was the prefect of Lujiang and had a clear name. Dan was orphaned at the age of seven, and he was careful and filial. His stepmother took pity on him and bought him clothes and property. Later, he studied under Chang'an and bought talismans and entered Hangu Pass. He sighed with emotion: "If Dan doesn't ride in the messenger's carriage, he will never get out of the pass." After arriving in the capital, he often gave lectures to the capital, and all the scholars respected him. Grand Sima Yanyou asked for elixir, but he refused to cure his illness. Wang Mang conquered them again, and fled to the north with everyone else. In the second year of Gengshi's reign, the Three Dukes promoted Danxian's talents and recruited him as an admonishing official. He returned to Nanyang as an envoy to accept surrender. It has been twelve years since Dan left home, and he came out of the customs in a high-speed train, just as he had planned.
Gengshi was defeated, and all the generals returned to Guangwu (Liu Xiu), and were awarded titles. Dan alone kept the Ping family intact, and mourned for Gengshi, and he mourned his decline. In the second year of Jianwu's reign, he fled and traveled around in his clothes, going through dangers and dangers. He asked to see his wife, and she was given a biography because she returned to her hometown. The prefect Du Shi asked him to serve as a meritorious official, and Dan recommended the elders of the village to take his place. The poem sighed and said: "In the past, when the Ming Dynasty king Xinghua, the ministers gave up the throne, now the meritorious Cao Cao recommends the virtuous, which can be said to be the most virtuous. The imperial edict is compiled in the Huangtang, as a later method."
Thirteen years , the great Sima Wu Han was promoted to a high position, and then moved to merge with the state as a pastoralist, and was known as Qingping. He was transferred to the Xiongnu Zhonglang General and moved to the left, Feng Yi. In the third year of Yongping, he replaced Li Yu as Situ. In the government, he was honest, upright and just, and he was as famous as Hou Ba, Du Lin, Zhang Zhan and Guo Ji. In the fourth year, Deng Rong, the governor of Longxi, was sitting in the examination and had nothing to prove, so he was dismissed. Five years later, he died at home at the age of eighty-seven. 5. Translate the classical Chinese text "Ma Quanjie, courtesy name Daya"
Ma Quanjie (891-945), courtesy name Daya, was a native of Yuancheng, Wei County.
His father, Wen Cao, was from the military academy of his government. When the official arrived at the school, Zuopushe gave him a large sum of money as a gift to the imperial master. At the end of Tongguang's reign, he served as the commander of the army.
Zhao Zaili occupied Weizhou. He was the commander of the horse and infantry forces in Yedu. When Emperor Mingzong of the Tang Dynasty came to the throne, he was granted the title of Sikong, the governor of Libo and Shanzhou. At the beginning of Changxing, he appointed Situ as an inspector, who had a political voice in the county, and was appointed as the governor of Hexi Province.
At that time, Emperor Mingzong ordered Gaozu to attack Shu, and went to Qishan. Yuanmen was separated by geography, so he returned to Yan and moved to Yizhou as the governor. In the early Qing Dynasty, he served as the defense envoy of Jinzhou.
He led the Shu army to attack the city. He had thousands of soldiers and horses in charge. Chen Zhiyin was afraid and asked him to go out of the city and lead 300 people to escape along the river. The thieves were prosperous and the people were depressed. The whole festival was full of family wealth and given to the soldiers. He came out again and refused to fight.
< p> When the thieves retreated, the imperial court commended them for their merits and ordered them to go to Que. At that time, Liu Yanlang was the deputy envoy to the privy council and invited him to give him a generous bribe. He said to him, "People from Jiangzhou Que, please give me a bribe." Things are planned. "Quanjie was unhappy and told his peers. There was an uproar and they thought it was inappropriate. The prince Zhongmei was Henan Yin, and he heard about it. Emperor Tai of the Qing Dynasty summoned Quanjie and said: "Cangzhou is lacking. Handsome, if you want to be ordered, you will make it. "
The next day, two envoys from the Henghai Navy were appointed to stay behind. When Emperor Gaozu came to the throne, he was appointed as the chief inspector of the school, and was given the title of Jingjie.
In the fifth year of Tianfu, he was granted the title of chief tutor of the school and moved to the town. Anzhou. At that time, Li Jinquan rebelled in the state and invited the Huai army to support him. He ordered the whole army to pacify it, and he used his merits to increase the inspection of the Taiwei, and changed the Zhaoyi army to Jiedu, Zelu, Liaoqin and other prefectures for observation and disposal. p>
In the autumn of the sixth year, he moved to Xingzhou and joined Tongzhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi. He also rebelled against An Chongrong. He was appointed deputy recruiter and formation envoy of the Zhenzhou camp, and fought against Chongrong in Songcheng. Defeat.
In the autumn of the eighth year, Ding's mother worried about the situation, and sent troops to join the three divisions of Yitong and Chongyi. Yan.
Due to the Khitan invasion and the locust drought, the country was ordered to go out at night to make a fortune. In the autumn of the first year of Kaiyun, Yedu stayed behind. , the Grand Master of the Inspection School, and the Shizhong, Guangjin Yin, and the horse infantry army of Youzhou Daoxing Camp were all in Yuhou, and the deputy commander of the Tianxiong Army marched to the north to recruit envoys. The battle of Yangcheng was very powerful.
The whole festival began with a visit to Yedu. Since Yuancheng was the city of Sangzi, Gu Baiyi went to the county court to pay homage, but the county magistrate Shen Yuan avoided him and did not dare to pay homage.
The whole festival says: "In the hometown of my parents, I pay tribute to myself and don't let it go."
The state is prosperous. In the second year, he was granted the title of Military Envoy of Shunguo Army, but he did not go to the town to suppress his death. He was fifty-five years old.
Gift certificate.