The Western Zhou Dynasty inherited the calligraphy style at the end of Yin Dynasty, and it was not until the period of Qi King that it produced a unique style, which was magnificent and magnificent. After Zhao Mu, he became rigorous and correct.
The development of academic culture will be influenced by social and political factors to a certain extent. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, from Yin Ke to Kang Wang, it was a prosperous time because of the unification of the world, social stability and perfect system of rites and music. Therefore, calligraphers can show vigorous and elegant style, and the content is gradually elongated. For example, cauldron is the most typical masterpiece of this period.
However, after Zhao Mu, the calligraphy style gradually changed, and the strokes tended to be unified from coarse to fine. The pen-receiving and pen-starting also changed from Fiona Fang to round pen; The lines are even and square, and the book style is extremely rigorous and correct. Earlier, Ding and Mao were all representatives of this period.
After moving eastward, Qin moved the capital to Yong, inheriting the ruins and culture of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Because of this, the Qin characters in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period are the same as those in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
Because of this, when the eastern characters change horizontally due to regional characteristics and cultural reasons, the backward Qin characters become the orthodox characters of Chinese characters. Therefore, the characters in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period can be divided into two series: Qin characters and Six Kingdoms characters.
From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, the Six Kingdoms refer to the eastern countries in the Warring States Period. General philologists are also called "western languages" and "eastern languages".
After the six countries and the unification of Qin, the measures of standardization of characters were implemented, that is, the so-called homographs. The unified characters in Qin dynasty are based on Qin language, and the evolution of Chinese characters after Qin dynasty is also based on the ancient characters in the daily writing forms of Qin Zhuan and Qin Zhuan regulated by Qin dynasty. After writing in the same language, the six-nation script was eliminated and the Qin script became the real mainstream.
Characteristics of bronze inscriptions
The style of inscriptions on bronze is generally called Da Zhuan or Shu Shu, and some are also called Li Shu. The book is a historian in Zhou Xuanwang's time, and the book is his calligraphy. Bronze inscriptions are first carved with ceramic models of inscriptions according to the original ink book, and then turned over and cast.
Due to the superb bronze casting technology in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the unearthed bronze inscriptions can generally reflect the brushwork of ink calligraphy to a considerable extent. Therefore, the inscriptions on bronze in Shang and Zhou Dynasties are actually a kind of calligraphy art in ink calligraphy.
Bronze calligraphy in Shang Dynasty was produced on the basis of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. It has few words, slender fonts, vigorous and beautiful brushwork, heavy atmosphere, rigorous structure, dignified situation and its own charm.
Someone once summed it up as two styles, one is thick and plump, with sharp edges and corners at the beginning and end, with a fat pen in the middle, and the other is thick and thin, with straight strokes and little or no edges and corners.