Bayin art is the perfect combination of etiquette and music, emphasizing the concept of harmony in traditional culture. It has a particularly profound vitality among the people and occupies a particularly important position in ritual culture. Whether it is weddings, funerals, or major festivals, when encountering great joys or sorrows, the performance often reaches the point of shaking the world and weeping ghosts and gods through ups and downs of performance. conveys the emotions of ordinary people.
On August 5, 2006, Xinfu District was named the “Hometown of China’s Eight Musical Music” by the Chinese Folk Literature and Art Artists Association and the Federation of Chinese Art Home Review Committees, and was established as the “Hometown of Chinese Musical Music”. research base". This not only relies on the district’s long and profound artistic accumulation and the inheritance and innovation of generations of aristocratic families and talents, but also on the district committee and government’s great emphasis on building a harmonious culture and its careful creation.
Bayin art has a long history
As an important art category of Xinzhou culture, Bayin art combines the tranquility and tranquility of temple music, the vigorous and exciting Guansai spirit, the unrestrained and high-pitched nomadic art, and the farming of the Central Plains. The harmonious and harmonious integration of life is a manifestation of the traditional culture of Xinzhou people's civilization, wisdom, diligence and innovation. Bayinhui refers to the form of instrumental music performance in Xinzhou, commonly known as drummer or ringer. An eight-music class usually has one leader and about ten sound workers. The musical instruments include pipes, suonas, harmonicas, shengs, sea flutes, small gongs, hairpins, drums, banzi, and clappers.
Before the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the Xinfu Eight Music Club mainly played Taoist music, the most popular of which were eight sets. The early 20th century was its peak development period. In the 1930s, it was severely damaged by the Japanese invasion. After being rescued in the early 1950s, the repertoire was preserved and performed by many music societies. In the old days, it was used in weddings, funerals and temple fairs. In the late Qing Dynasty, it was absorbed into the Buddhist music of Mount Wutai and played in Zen Buddhist ceremonies, but the folk performance form and content were basically retained. "Eight sets" refers to eight large-scale instrumental music ensembles, named after the first tune or one of the tunes. For example, "Double Set" consists of "Double Stage", "Liu Yaojin", "Coming to Spring", It consists of nine tunes: "The Coming of Summer", "The Coming of Ten Thousand Years of Flowers", "The Coming of Winter", "The Moon Is High", "Tibetan in the West" and "The Coming of Autumn". The other seven sets are "Qingtian set", "Pushing wheel set", "Twelve floors set", "Proverbs set", "Criticizing fisherman set", "Encouraging gold ring set", and "Elang set" . The eight sets of songs include eight kinds of tunes and 79 ditties, 61 of which are 61 after removing the repetitive parts. The tunes are derived from folk songs, folk instrumental music, opera tunes, religious music, etc. The band staff varies from nearly 10 people to dozens or even hundreds of people. The number of instrumentalists included one to two pipers, one sea flute, one flute, two shengs, two tanggu, and two small cymbals. Bangu, large cymbals, large gongs, small gongs, and cloud gongs can be added according to the occasion and scale of the performance. , Bangzi, etc. Among the eight major sets, only the "Criticizing the Fisherman" set features two suonas, high and low, while the rest are played by guanzi. The playing style is simple and hearty, the allegro section is lively and cheerful, and the solo gong and drum section transitions between each tune, creating a lively atmosphere. In addition, there are also the decks "Da De Sheng" suitable for cross-street tours, and the decks "Jie Jie Gao", "Millions of Life", "Huang Longguan", "Point Four Generals", "Spring Comes" suitable for weddings, birthdays and other festive occasions. ", "Girl Sitting in the Tent", etc. Sometimes Buddhist songs are also played. "The Great Victory" shows the grand scenes of ancient soldiers' expeditions, triumphs, and celebrations of achievements. Among them, "General's Order", "Crossing the Street", "Playing with Children", "Kicking Field" and other repertoire are often used for martial arts, land boats, floats and other folk literature and art. and vaudeville accompaniment. The eight-note artists in Xinfu District have very deep playing skills and can imitate human speech, tones and cries. They are also good at using various wind instruments of different tunes in the ensemble to bring out their own specialties while the eight-note music overcomes the harmonies. The contrast and combination of the timbre, range, rhythm and other aspects of each sound are formed, so that the small wind and percussion band of seven or eight people plays with extraordinary momentum, the ensemble has a perfect sound and rich color changes.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, when Xinzhou North Road Bangzi flourished, the Bayin Club began to imitate the wind opera, and added huqin, horse gongs, sanxian, cymbals, etc. to its musical instruments. During the Tongzhi period (1862-1874), Zhang Lianke from Donglou Village began to learn blowing opera. He vividly imitated the singing tunes of famous actors such as Sixteenth Red, Eighteenth Red, Jinlanhong, Thirteenth Red, Lianggufeng, and Thirteenth Dan. The listener is mesmerized.
Aristocratic families are full of talented people
In the history of the popularization, improvement, popularization and improvement of the music art in Xinfu District, batches of well-known artists have emerged one after another. The outstanding talents from the Bayin family and the well-known art circles have given Xinzhou Bayin art a deep mass foundation and a certain degree of popularity.
Hu Tianquan, an outstanding representative of the Hu family in Qicun, is a famous sheng performer. He is currently the artistic director of the Avant-garde Song and Dance Ensemble of Jinan Military Region, a member of the Chinese Musicians Association, the executive director of the Chinese Folk Orchestra Society and the president of the Chinese Sheng Professional Committee. . He studied with his father since he was a child and is proficient in the playing skills of sheng, suona, guanzi, whistle and other national wind instruments. In 1953, he was recruited as an actor by the former Public Security Army Art Troupe. In 1958, he was transferred to the Jinan Military Region Avant-garde Song and Dance Troupe. During his 50-year military art career, he carried out a series of reforms and innovations in the traditional structure and performance techniques of the Sheng, and successfully developed the "Bawu Sheng". In 1956, he composed my country's first Sheng solo piece with the famous composer and conductor Dong Hongde. "Phoenix Spreads Wings", in 1957, at the Sixth World Youth Festival Art Competition in Moscow, his sheng solo and the wind and percussion music played by him both won gold medals. *** has created more than 30 unique playing techniques and composed more than 20 pieces of music.
Wang Gaolin is an outstanding representative of the Wang family in Nanguan, Xinfu District. He is currently the leader of the Shanxi Song and Dance Theater Folk Orchestra, a national first-class actor, a member of the Chinese Musicians Association, an executive director of the Chinese Ethnic Orchestra Society, and the vice president of the Suona Professional Committee. He enjoys special allowances from the State Council. He studied suona with his grandfather since he was a child. When he was young, he was selected to join the Shanxi Provincial Song and Dance Theater to learn from suona performer Hu Jinquan. His playing music is pure and beautiful, skillful and elegant. In 1982, he won the first prize in the National Folk Music Competition. He has visited and performed many times in Japan, France, the United States, South Korea, Hong Kong and Taiwan and other countries and regions, and was well received by overseas audiences. The main self-written and performed works include nearly 20 songs such as "You Chasing Me in Spring Plowing", "Loess Love Song" and "Happy Village".
Lu Buliang, a native of Jieyuan, Xinfu District, learned the art of music from Wu Runlan, a descendant of the Jieyuan music family since he was a child. He has participated in many national and provincial folk competitions and won awards. In 2004, he was named "Folk Art Master" by the Shanxi Provincial Department of Culture. In July 2006, he participated in the first national blowing song exhibition of the 7th Chinese Folk Literature and Art "Mountain Flower Award" in Nandaihe, Beijing. He was named the "National King of Blowing Singers" by the Chinese Folk Literature and Artists Association, bringing glory to Shanxi Province. His playing style is unrestrained and mellow, rough and delicate, and is deeply loved by urban and rural people. He has made positive contributions to the eight-tone art in Xinfu District, the "hometown of Chinese eight-tones".
There are also Kou Wang from Beizhao Village and Tian Wang from Kuang Village. They have profound kung fu and are known as the "Two Wangs of Xinzhou". Tian Zaigen from Kuangcun, Zhang Lianke from Donglou, and Fan He from Nangou are all renowned suona players. Kou Yingtang from Northern Zhao, Zhang Jinhai and Zhang Fuhai from Donglou, Wu Zhu and Wu Runlan from Jieyuan, Zhao Dingzhu from Northern Zhao, Han San from Tribe, Yan Guiyu from Wen Village, Hu Ming, Hu Baolong and Hu Jinquan from Qicun, Linggui's Zhao Mancang and others have been active in the music art world one after another, and each has its own characteristics and is well-known in urban and rural areas. During the same period, a number of Bayin aristocratic families emerged in Xinfu District, including the Zhang family in Donglou Village, the Tian family in Kuangcun, the Kou family in Beizhao, the Han family Yang family in the tribe, the Hu family in Qicun, the Guo family in Shuangbao, The Gao family in Guanzhuang, the Fan family in Nangou, the Hao family in Nan Taiping, the Yang family in Xizhang, the Wu family in Jieyuan, the Zhao family in Linggui, etc. These eight-yin aristocratic families have passed down the tradition from generation to generation and competed to catch up, which not only brought glory to the family, but also made the village a village of eight-yin music, and promoted the growth of talents in drama and folk arts.
Work hard to create brilliance
The Eight Music Festival is an intangible cultural heritage of Xinfu District and the whole country. It is the sound of nature among the original ecological cultural vegetation on the Loess Plateau in northern Shanxi. With the popularity of television, especially the huge impact of modern online media, music lovers are aging. In order to protect, develop and promote this traditional art, the Xinfu District Committee and District Government attach great importance to it and have taken effective measures.
First, the "Qiao Township Cultural Development Strategy" was implemented throughout the district and the "Xinzhou Eight Music Ensemble" was established. The specific work was organized and carried out by the Propaganda Department of the District Committee. This initiative has won the support of Zhao Jiping, vice chairman of the National Music Association and famous composer, Wang Baocan, vice president of the National Wind and Percussion Society, Liu Tiezhu, a famous composer in Shanxi Province, and Ren Xinning, a young conductor of Shanxi Drama School. "Market development prospects" will be encouraged. Since its establishment, the Xinzhou Eight Music Troupe has participated in more than 100 performances both inside and outside the province, receiving rave reviews and honors one after another.
Among them, the 2004 "May Day" Shanxi Model Worker Conference and the opening ceremony of the first Shanxi Workers' Cultural Festival were cordially received by the main leaders of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government; in September of the same year, he participated in the 55th celebration of the founding of the People's Republic of China organized by the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles at the Great Hall of the People. Annual National Staff Literary and Arts Exhibition; In November, he participated in the opening ceremony of the 16th International Science and Peace Week held at the CPPCC National Committee, and was highly praised by relevant leaders and authorities; In the same year, he participated in the Sixth China Folk Art Festival and performed "Great Victory" won the gold medal; in July 2006, he participated in the first national singing performance of the 7th China Folk Literature and Art "Mountain Flower Award" and won the 7th China Folk Literature and Art Mountain Flower Award and Folk Art Performance Award. Lu Buliang, the folk art master of our district, was Awarded the title of "National Singing King". On December 1, the Xinzhou Eight Music Troupe went to Beijing to participate in a Chinese folk classic music performance at the National Culture Palace on behalf of our province. It aroused great interest from Chinese and foreign audiences and won unanimous praise from folk music research experts. The establishment and artistic practice of the Xinzhou Eight Music Ensemble have improved the taste of the Eight Music Folk Art, and a large number of young and middle-aged backbones have emerged, among which Lu Buyiang and Lu Qingsheng are outstanding representatives. The improvement of artistic standards has further expanded the performance space. He was invited to perform at CCTV's "Charming 12" and "Avenue of Stars' Starlight Shining Xinfu' Special Program", which expanded the popularity of Xinfu District and even Xinzhou City. The successful development of music art has attracted the attention of relevant central, provincial and municipal leaders. In September 2005, Comrade Ning Yunlou, member of the Standing Committee of the Xinfu District Committee and Minister of Propaganda, attended the second "Rescuing, Protecting and Developing Folk Culture" Heritage County Mayor Forum" was awarded the "Folk Cultural Heritage Protection Contribution Award" by the Chinese Folk Literature and Artists Association and the China Folk Cultural Heritage Rescue Project Working Committee. Second, the government has introduced preferential policies to support various forms of education and training. At present, in addition to the Art Department of Xinzhou Normal University and Xinzhou Art School for cultivating reserve talents, there are more than 10 schools in Xinfu District, including Jieyuan Meiyuan School, Beizhao Haojia Military Art School, Yijing Philharmonic Art School, and Dongcun Yiyuan Art School. The school has a relatively strong teaching staff and relatively standardized management, and is welcomed by parents and students. Some of the students it has trained have already tried their hand in the art world. The third is to insist on mass cultural creation activities and provide a stage for the Eight Music Festival, especially the annual Lantern Festival literary and art event. Music masters accompanied the performance for a period of time, and the performers spared no effort and tried their best; the accompanists showed their talents to the fullest and were reviewed by hundreds of thousands of city and district citizens at the highest artistic level. Practitioners of the Eight Music Club and students training at the school all regard this event as a stage to become famous and enjoy it. Fourth, the publicity and cultural departments organize the Bayanhui Competition to discover new talents through the competition, promote exchanges and interactions among Bayan artists, and play a role in uniting the team and promoting creation. Fifth, the Xinfu District Eight Music Association was established. Under the association, there is a special research group on the Eight Music Society, with celebrities in the cultural and art circles taking on development and utilization projects. At present, there are nearly a hundred eight music classes in the district, with 1,050 employees and an annual income of 15 million yuan.
Xinzhou Bayin surrounds the capital
After continuous exploration, tapping, tempering and creation, Xinzhou Bayin art has gradually transformed from a native folk wind and percussion music into a unique The unique stage performance art continues to mature and achieve leaps and bounds. From playing and playing for weddings and weddings in hometown, to winning multiple awards, Xinzhou Bayin has recently entered the art palace of the capital Beijing. On December 1, 2006, the first performance of the Chinese folk classic music exhibition "Chinese Voices", "Shadow of the Heart of the Central Plains", was grandly held at the Palace of Nationalities and Culture in Beijing. Envoys from more than 50 countries to China and more than 30 folk art experts attended the show. During the performance, the song "Shanshui Pass" played by Xinzhou Bayin Art Troupe captivated the audience and fellow performers with its vigorous and exciting playing style and delicate and skillful playing skills, and won warm applause from Chinese and foreign audiences, experts and scholars.
This folk music exhibition is jointly sponsored by the Chinese Folk Artists Association and the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Performing Arts Center, and co-organized by the folk artists associations of seven provinces including Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Henan, Shaanxi, and Gansu, Xinzhou The "Shanshui Pass" played by the Bayin Art Troupe was the only piece selected by the organizer and invited to represent our province.