Yang Ningshi lived in a period when the Tang Dynasty went to ruin, followed by five dynasties of war. "History of the Five Dynasties" originally said, "Although Ning Shi lived in the Five Dynasties, he lived in seclusion because of his mental illness. Therefore, when people looked at the wind, their handwriting was sharp, and the masters Ou Yangxun and Yan Zhenqing Yang Ningshi wrote" New Words "to escape, that is, they lived in Luo for a long time, traveled to Buddhist temples, encountered scenic spots, and enjoyed singing. There were gaps in the walls, and they looked at the pens and cited them. Because he likes to travel in Buddhist temples, he especially likes the walls of books. It is said that during his ten years in Luoyang, the walls of more than 2 temples were almost inscribed by him. The monks in various temples are also proud to get his calligraphy on the wall. For this reason, when monks saw a wall that could be inscribed, they whitewashed it first and waited for him to arrive. Yang Ningshi or swim here on the spur of the moment, see the wall bright and clean and lovely, that is, "Jiju Gu Shi", ecstatic, is writing freely, and singing and writing, until the chalk wall book is exhausted. This creative method is quite similar to that of Zhang Xu and Huai Su in the Tang Dynasty. The difference is that Zhang Xu and Huai Su used wine to make books for people to see, while Yang Ningshi used it to vent his anger.
Yang Ningshi's wall paintings can still be seen a lot until the Northern Song Dynasty. Huang Tingjian once said, "The world tries its best to learn from Lanting, and wants to change every bone without an elixir. Who knows that Yang Fengzi in Luoyang went to Wusi Bar when he wrote. " (Postscript to Yang Ningshi's Post) If Jiuhua Post is a masterpiece of his mind as a normal person, then his cursive scripts, The Immortal Living Method and Summer Hot Post, are wanton and trance-like, which can be said to show his seemingly wild and grotesque but actually sober and enlightened mental state. Life
"Pretending to be crazy to avoid disaster"
Yang Ningshi was born in Huayin (now Huayin, Shaanxi Province), with a nickname poem. He was born in Guisi, so he was named Guisi. It is said that he is a descendant of Yang Su, Duke of Yue in Sui Dynasty, and his ancestors were all prime ministers in Tang Dynasty.
Yang Ningshi was both spiritual, intelligent and literary. His articles were highly praised by people at that time, but his figure was a little poor and short, which did not affect his being admitted to the Jinshi in Tang Zhaozong. After entering Jinshi, he stepped into his official career, first as a financial officer, that is, an inspector, and then promoted to secretary lang.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Yang Ningshi's father, Yang, was involved in the official position and became the prime minister, but the situation in which the governors rose together made him a bitter prime minister. Finally, when the Tang Dynasty was replaced by Zhu Wen, he handled the thankless task of sending a letter to Zhu Wen, the son of heaven of the Tang Dynasty. It turned out that when he first became prime minister, he cried to his son, "I'm afraid my children will suffer in this troubled times." Alas! I wonder if it will get you into trouble? "
Yang Ningshi was also very young at that time. When he saw that his father had taken this reviled job, he said to his father, "My father is a prime minister, but the country has reached this point, so it cannot be said that there is no fault. But you have to give the imperial seal to others to protect your wealth. What should people say about you after one thousand years? Father had better refuse. "
Yang was scared to death when he heard this, because the situation was very critical at that time. In order to prevent the old ministers of the Tang Dynasty from doing things that were unfavorable to him, Zhu Wen sent a large number of spies to infiltrate the ministers and collect their remarks. Many people suffered misfortune because of their improper words, while others were ruined. Yang wade lived in fear every day, and Yang Ningshi saw that his father was in a panic. Only then did he know that he had made a big mistake, and he kept his mouth shut. His father was afraid that his son's words would spread, and he didn't have a good meal for several days, and he looked depressed all day, sighing. Yang Ningshi was afraid, too. If his words were heard and spread to Zhu Wen's ears, it would be difficult for his family to survive. Yang Ningshi couldn't think of a better way, so he finally had to pretend to be crazy, just in case. From then on, people called him "crazy Yang".
The words of the father and son were not listened to by outsiders. After Zhu Wen ascended the throne, Yang She was allowed to continue to be the prime minister of the Houliang. And Yang Ningshi's "madness" is all right. Thanks to his father's relationship, he also worked in Houliang, and became a member of the imperial court and the Ministry of rites. Later, Zhang Quanyi, the king of Qi, took a fancy to his talent and promoted him, and Zhao Guangyi, the prime minister, also appreciated him. With the support of Zhao Guangyi, he was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Jixian Hall and a foreign minister who took the exam.
Liang was destroyed by the later Tang Dynasty after skillfully using the "crazy" disease, but Yang Ningshi was not affected. On the contrary, he was promoted to an official position and became an imperial edict, in charge of the drafting of the imperial edict, which was very powerful. But then he became a little "crazy". Maybe he saw that although this position was very prominent, it was easy to annoy the emperor and get killed, so he pretended to be crazy to avoid disaster. Just like Meng Zhixiang resigned from the post of China's envoy, because previous China's envoys were all killed for offending the emperor. This madness, he was changed to the history museum, presided over the history museum affairs.
When Li Siyuan was in power, Mingzong named him as a Chinese calligrapher. He pretended to be crazy and didn't go to court, let alone take office, so Mingzong had to let him take another post. During the reign of Emperor Li Congke in the late Tang Dynasty, Yang Ningshi was named assistant minister of the Ministry of War. Li Congke once had a military parade in person when Yang Ningshi's "madness" broke out again. He kept shouting, which made the military parade unable to continue. Li Congke was famous and talented, and many people knew that he was insane, so he didn't punish him and let him go back to Luoyang for rest.
After the end of the Tang Dynasty and the establishment of the Jin Dynasty, Yang Ningshi became a guest of the Prince again. Later, he retired as an official of the Ministry of Rites and lived in Luoyang, where he was very comfortable. After leaving the imperial court, he was more free and had no scruples about speaking. Besides, when he said too much, people thought that his "madness" had been committed again, and no one cared about him. Therefore, he liked to criticize whatever happened in the local area. Local officials didn't blame him because he was talented and respected. When Sang Weihan was in charge, Yang Ningshi had retired, so there was no salary supply, and life was a little tight. When Sang Weihan heard about the dilemma of Yang Ningshi, a gifted scholar, he came forward to ask the emperor to give him an honorary title of Prince Shaobao, so that he could have a fixed salary to support his family.
The late Jin Dynasty was finally wiped out because of the war with the Khitan, and the later Han Dynasty was established. He also held official positions in the later Han Dynasty, such as Prince Shaofu and Prince Shao Shi. At the end of the later Han Dynasty, after Guo Wei rose up and entered Kaifeng, the Prime Minister, Yang Ningshi, met him at the door when he entered the city in Guo Wei. He told Guo Wei that he was too old to do anything, and Guo Wei comforted him without blaming him. But after Guo Wei proclaimed himself emperor, because he didn't contribute to Guo Wei's accession to the throne, he took the opportunity to propose that he should return home as an official, that is, retire and go home. Guo Wei readily agreed, giving him a prominent status as a right servant.
Yang Ningshi lived in his hometown for a period of time, and Guo Wei died of illness. Later, Zhou Shizong Chai Rong succeeded to the throne, and he ordered Yang Ningshi to return to the DPRK. Perhaps Yang Ningshi was bored after living in his hometown for a long time. He accepted the appointment of Sejong, was promoted to a left servant, and was awarded the title of Prince Taibao.
from the late Tang dynasty to the later Zhou dynasty, it is generally said that Yang Ningshi experienced five dynasties. Strictly speaking, it should be added with the Tang dynasty, that is, six.
"tolerant wit"
Yang Ningshi is famous for being "crazy", and some interesting things about him are often mentioned by people after his death. Once he went back to the house by bus, he was impatient, saying that the horses and chariots walked too slowly, so he simply got off the bus and walked on his own with a cane. Pedestrians on the roadside all pointed at him and laughed, but Yang Ningshi didn't care. One year, winter arrived, but his wife and children didn't have cotton-padded clothes. Instead of caring, he gave a batch of silks and silks sent by a friend not long ago to two temples and made socks for monks to wear. The children at home screamed with cold, and he didn't care. When the local left-behind official saw this, he quickly sent him cotton-padded clothes and grain and rice to this famous taxi official's home. Yang Ningshi smiled: "I know they will definitely help us!"
Yang Ningshi is very easy-going. One morning, he went out to play with his servant. The servant asked where to go. He said to go to Guang 'ai Temple in the east. The servant said to go to Shibi Temple in the west. He raised his whip and said, "Let's go to Guang 'ai Temple." The servant said, "It's better to go to Shibi Temple." Yang Ningshi then said, "Let's go to Shibi Temple first." Hearing this, everyone clapped their hands and cheered for joy.
Not only can Yang Ningshi pretend to be crazy, he is better at it, and he is more famous for his poems and calligraphy. There are many humorous poems in his poems, which are very interesting. Zhang Quanyi once promoted him, and he appropriately praised his merits: "The scenery in Luoyang is really sad, and it used to be a heap of tiles. I didn't repair it, but it's still a pile of ashes. " On another occasion, he returned to Luoyang from Kaifeng, when a plague of locusts broke out. When he arrived in Luoyang, the locusts that covered the sun just arrived in Luoyang at the same time. He first sent a poem to Yin Zhang from Luoyang: "Escort locusts to Luojing, and meet them from afar." Zhang Congen smiled at the poem and didn't blame him.
Yang Ningshi's poems have gained another realm because he believes in Buddhism. He likes to visit temples, and all kinds of scenery can make him feel about current events, so his poems are also very refined. For example, "The courtyard is quiet like Zen, and the flowers are round like sleep" is very beautiful and famous, and has always been respected.
Although Yang Ningshi's poetry achievement is very high, compared with his calligraphy, there is still a big gap. His calligraphy is vigorous and bold, with Ou Yangxun and Yan Zhenqing as his masters, and his own freedom and boldness make his calligraphy art have a unique style. When visiting a temple, you will linger when you meet a beautiful landscape, watch poems, write when you see the wall, and write while singing, which seems to be as smooth as a god's help. People carefully protect these walls where he wrote poems, which shows that his calligraphy skills have reached a high level. People say that his calligraphy is very similar to that of Yan Zhenqing, so they call him and Yan Zhenqing "Yan Yang".
His handwriting was left on the walls of many temples in Luoyang, and he rarely used a name when he finally signed, including Guisi people, Yang Xubai, Xiwei lay man and Kansai old farmer. Sometimes he writes in regular script and sometimes in cursive script, which is as casual as his people, but the level is very high, so many people say that he was the first calligrapher in the Five Dynasties.
There are many excellent students in Yang Ningshi. Li Jianzhong wrote a poem praising the teacher's calligraphy: "The withered Chinese fir is old with frost, and the pine smoke and musk coal are rainy and cold. I was born a bookworm, too. I go to the temple once and see it again. " Feng Dao's son gave Yang Ningshi the highest evaluation: "Shao Qing's original works are full of monks' houses, but I'm afraid Zhong Yu is not as good as them. It is necessary to cherish it in order to report to the public, and there is no book after this book. " Yang Ningshi's poetry academy is like a meditation, and flowers are like a round mind. Nature knows righteousness and strives to learn from immortals. -Yang Ningshi in the Tang Dynasty
The courtyard with the title wall is like a meditation, and the flowers are like a round mind. Nature knows righteousness and strives to learn from immortals. In spring, there is no ice, and in winter, it snows in Chu Qing. For the newspaper robe guest, Feng Nianrui has become. -Yang Ningshi's Snow Clear in the Tang Dynasty
Snow Clear In spring, the ice is not warm, and it snows in Chu Qing in the winter solstice. For the newspaper robe guest, Feng Nianrui has become.
Escort locusts to Luojing, and meet them from afar. It's been three years since I arrived here. (see "Luoyang" and "Ji Wen")-The sentence
in Yang Ningshi's "Sentence" in the Tang Dynasty led locusts to Luojing, and the county was greeted by a distance. (Gui Luo sent Yin Zhang from grace,
when the locust is at the right time)
It has been three years since I arrived here. ("Luoyang", and see "Ji Wen") See more Yang Ningshi's poems > >