Li Zicheng, a native of Qianji Village, Mizhi, Shaanxi Province, was an outstanding leader of the peasant uprising army in the late Ming Dynasty. He established the Dashun regime, conquered Beijing and destroyed the Ming Dynasty. His life was vigorous, tragic and legendary, but his death left a layer of fog for future generations. According to historical records, due to the introduction of Wu Sangui into the customs in the Ming Dynasty, Chuang Wang led his troops to face defeat, withdrew from Beijing, and continued to fight the Qing army in Henan and Shaanxi. Later, he was killed by landlords in Jiugongshan, Tongshan County, Hubei Province, at the age of 39. This statement is based on a large number of archives and local chronicles. Moreover, in recent years, the tombs and related materials of Li Zicheng's murderer and militia leader Cheng Million have been discovered, including the tombstones and genealogy of the Cheng family, among which Cheng Million killed Li Zicheng. According to these historical data, Li Zicheng's death was like this: Li Zicheng went to Jiugong Mountain, and was cut off from food, and went out to prey with more than 20 cavalry. Surrounded by militia forces led by Cheng Million and others, he could not escape, so Li Zicheng hanged himself. Or vigilante members swarmed in, and Li Zicheng died with a hoe on his head. However, this view of official history has always been believed by many people, and the Manchu government and the Nanming regime at that time were also skeptical. Now, it seems that this statement does have a lot of doubts. Li Zicheng lived in Wuchang for 50 days, specially changed Jiangxia to Ruifu County, set up a county magistrate, and transported copper and charcoal to cast "Yongchang Bao Tong". When we arrived in Tongshan County, there were dozens of famous warriors, including White King, Gao, Yuan Zongdi, Liu Tichun, and hundreds of thousands of troops. There are Lee Guo troops in Jiugongshan area, and the Ming Ji also records tens of thousands of people. As the commander-in-chief of hundreds of thousands of rebel troops, can you believe that he rode lightly to the mountains to "prey"? And it is said that Li Zicheng went up the mountain alone, leaving more than 20 riders at the foot of the mountain. There seem to be many articles in it. In addition, Linda Gao and Lee Guo were also in Tongshan County at that time, and Li Zicheng "robbed food" did not return. Until "the head has been eroded" and "the rot is indistinguishable", he did not look for and rescue. Finally, the Qing army in the distance first understood the situation and sent someone to conduct an autopsy. It's all like a mystery. If we carefully examine the political and military situation at that time, people will think that all this was deliberately arranged by the peasant rebels. Because with the sharp decline of the situation, the main enemy of Dashun Army is not the ruler of Ming Dynasty, but the Manchu regime. The urgent task is to fight against the Qing Dynasty, and other armed forces within the United Nations will become very important. At that time, only Zhu Xing, a key department, supported by mosquitoes in the Hunan River, was able to unite against the Qing Dynasty. If we negotiate with him, where the army must be commanded. As an emperor, Li Zicheng couldn't get down this step, and he was responsible for persecuting Chongzhen, fearing that he wouldn't get the understanding of the Tang King. Therefore, he probably adopted the practice of feign death and seclusion to avoid contradictions. Bruce Lee, the first talented calligrapher in the East, saw that there were different opinions about Li Zicheng's theory of Zen and seclusion, and the most influential one was that Jiashan Temple in Shimen was a monk. Influential local chronicles, such as Fa Zhou Zhi Lin, Shimen County and Xu Nai's biography of Xiao Dan, all record that Chu Zhuangwang lost in a fierce battle between Shanhaiguan and Wu Sangui, and his army was defeated in the south. Linda Gao stationed troops in Lizhou, and Li Guo led the troops to defend Changde. And he himself felt that the tide was gone, so he became a monk in Jiashan Temple in Shimen, and sang hundreds of poems on the theme of plum blossom, which was called "Hundred Plum Poems". In the early years of Qianlong, He Qiu, the magistrate of Lizhou, made a private visit incognito according to the legend at that time. Therefore, he thinks that Feng Tianyu, the founder of Jiashan Temple, is the former king Li Zicheng. Because King Chuang was once called "Marshal Feng Tian Shang Yi" and "Feng Tianyu" means "King Feng", it was a meaningful pseudonym when he was anonymous. Although the theory of He Phosphorus is a hypothetical word, it caused a great shock at that time. In the early years of the Republic of China, Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies, visited Li Zicheng's plum blossom poems in Shimen, Hunan, and his ambition did not fail. As expected, he got five plum blossom poems. He chanted interest and thought that Li Zicheng was a monk in Jiashan, although this was a historical fact. Since then, many scholars have found new evidence for this. 198 1 In August, a porcelain altar containing the remains of the deceased was found near Jiashan Temple. It was measured and analyzed, and the data obtained were similar to those recorded in Li Zicheng in historical documents. Moreover, people also found a remnant board engraved with "Hundred Plum Poems" in the Hall of the Great Hero, and its content is related to becoming a monk. If these cultural relics are not forged by others, it can be concluded that Jiashan, Li Zicheng is a monk. Therefore, it is necessary to further study and identify these cultural relics. However, it is also confirmed that monk Feng Tianyu is not Li Zicheng. According to the pagoda inscription of Feng Tianyu, a great monk, Feng Tianyu has been "cleared". In the second volume of Ruler's and Ruler's Category, there is an explanation of the word "Qing": "Slow position means Qing, tight position means heavy, and both are called Qing." Li Zicheng seems to have nothing to do with Qing Yao. According to textual research, Feng Tianyu may be a descendant of the royal family in the Ming Dynasty, and he is probably the king of Zhu Cijiong. These textual researches need further research and demonstration. In fact, the earliest suggestion that Wang Chuang was a monk was a rumor. It is said that Zhang Laibo was a juren in Huguang, entered the official career in the early Qing Dynasty, and became a bosom friend in Yunnan. When he took office, he passed through Xiangxi by boat and visited an ancient temple. He hit it off with the abbot and talked about the way of governing the country very speculatively, so he became a bosom friend. A few years later, Zhang Qiongbo was promoted to the magistrate of Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province, and visited friends in this temple on the way. I didn't know the abbot had died, so I had to mourn in front of my portrait. The disciple of the old monk pointed to the portrait of the abbot and said, "Do you know who the abbot is? My teacher is Li Chuangwang, who is a great man in the world in the late Ming Dynasty! Sun Mou, the head of our division, took the place of the deceased in Jiugong Mountain ... Although it is impossible to research this rumor in detail today, the people involved are well-known and have surnames, and what they said is clear and consistent with relevant historical facts. So you can't deny it easily. Until today, the outcome of Li Zicheng's defeat is still a mystery to be solved. Revealing the true face of history is still a mystery hanging in people's minds.
1980 About15km southeast of Shimen County, Hunan Province, cultural relics workers scientifically excavated a controversial ancient tomb-the tomb of Jade Monk in Fengtian, next to an ancient temple here-Jiashan Temple. Along with the unearthed cultural relics, there are also: epitaph (inscription on Fengtian Jade Monk Pagoda), plum pattern decorative ceramic glaze jar with charcoal, Kirin with Fengtian Jade Monk ashes, Feng Huangwen decorative blue and white porcelain altar, etc. In particular, the inscription on the couplets of the town tomb "Wear three sets of big scoops, and Shoushan will be destroyed forever" is obviously a prediction that only the emperor will use. In particular, the shape of this tomb is not a way to deal with the death of ordinary Buddhist monks, nor does it conform to local customs, but a typical three-part burial method in Shaanxi, which is even more incredible. Combined with other cultural relics preserved in Jiashan Temple before, when these materials show various doubts about Li Zicheng's death record, all eyes are focused on this legendary figure in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, that is, Li Zicheng (1606 ~ 1645).