Metaphor is one of rhetoric figures. That is, comparing thing A with thing B, in form, it has three components: ontology, vehicle and figurative words. Metaphor can be divided into simile, metaphor and metonymy because of its similarities and differences.
Extended data:
According to the similarities and differences of the three parts, there are three basic types of metaphor: simile, metaphor and metonymy.
1, simile
Ontology, metaphor and vehicle appear at the same time. Common metaphors are: like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like. ......
Example:
He is motionless, just like a stone statue.
The leaves (noumenon) are high, like a graceful dancer's skirt (metaphor). (Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond)
2. Metaphor (also known as metaphor)
Ontology and vehicle appear at the same time, but metaphors such as "image" are replaced by copula such as "yes", "success", "becoming" and "becoming".
Example:
Mom! You (ontology) are lotus leaves (metaphor), and I (ontology) are red-violet (metaphor). (Mama Bing Xin's Lotus Leaf)
In an instant, the East-West Chang 'an Avenue (ontology) became a noisy sea (metaphor). (Yuan Ying's "Chang 'an Avenue in October")
3. Metonymy
Be careful not to be confused with the metaphor (that is, metaphor) now. Metonymy is an advanced form of metaphor. When using it, the relationship between ontology and vehicle is very close, so in a specific context, ontology can be understood directly from vehicle.
Example:
I seem to have a cold shiver; I know there is a thick barrier of sadness between us, and I can't speak anymore. (Lu Xun's hometown)
Duanzhou stone carving is as clever as a god, stepping on the sky to sharpen the knife and chop Ziyun (metaphor). (Li He's Song of Blue and White Purple Stone Inks in Yang Sheng)
Baidu encyclopedia-metaphor