First, the distinctive imprint of the times, such as:
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Buddhism prevailed in China, which had a far-reaching influence on middle and upper-class intellectuals, so many people took the name of "lay man". Li Bai's "Violet Lay Man"; Bai Juyi calls himself "Xiangshan laity"; Su Shi was named "Dongpo layman" and Fan Chengda was named "Shihu layman"; Li Qingzhao named herself "Yi 'an Jushi".
In the Yuan Dynasty, when Taoism was advocated, there were many literati in the name of "Taoist". Like Feng Zizhen's Strange Road; George is a "Taoist"; Ren Renfa nicknamed' Mingshan Taoist'; Wuzhen Nuo Road flyover plum blossom; Road flyover cedar by Zhao Mengfu.
After the Opium War, imperialist aggression and slaughter, the Qing government was corrupt and incompetent, resulting in national suffering and national crisis. Opposing aggression and patriotism became the main theme at that time, so many people numbered themselves according to this tone. Like Tan Sitong's "Flying North"; Huang Shao is entitled "descendants of the Yellow Emperor"; Chen Tianhua's "Thinking of Yellow"; Qiu Jin's Xiong Jing and so on.
B, strong lyrical color, such as:
Zheng Sixiao, a native of the Song Dynasty, lived in seclusion in Suzhou after the death of the Song Dynasty, calling himself "Sonan" to show that he did not forget the Song Dynasty. The poet Xin Qiji attached great importance to agriculture. When he was an official, he advocated and rewarded farming. In his later years, he retired to the countryside and "learned crops from old farmers", calling himself "Jia Xuan". Lu You, a patriotic poet, is concerned about the country and the people, and his resentment is vulgar. He was laughed at by the dignitaries as being impolite, so he called himself "letting loose" to show his contempt for them. In his later years, Ouyang Xiu named himself "Six-One Jushi", taking a thousands of books, a volume of epigraphy, a piano, a chess game, a pot of wine and an old man himself as the prototype, expressing a typical literati interest. Tang Bohu, a romantic genius in Ming Dynasty, called himself "Liu Rushi". "Six Rus", according to his own statement, means that life is like an illusion, a dream, a bubble, a shadow, a dew and electricity. It is just the expression of negative emotions of frustrated literati; Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was encouraged by Zhang Jun, a famous anti-gold star, and was given the word "Chengzhai" by Emperor Guangzong himself, hence the name "Chengzhai". This "sincerity" not only shows his "sincerity" in learning, but also includes his "sincerity" to the country.