Xu Jishe (1795,65438+February 4th-1March 30th, 873), a famous official and scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, was called the Galileo of the East by The New York Times. Word pine niche, also known as Healthy Man, posthumous title Makita, scientific name Tuimizhai. He was born in Wutai County, Daizhou, Shanxi Province (now Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province).
Daoguang was a scholar for six years. He served as the governor of Guangxi and Fujian, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, and the minister of the Prime Minister's yamen. He was the first minister in charge of Wentong Museum. Xu Jishe was one of the great pioneers who opened the world vision in modern China, and also a famous geographer in modern times. He also made some achievements in literature, history and calligraphy.
He is the author of A Brief Introduction to Ying Huan, Notes on the Origin of Ancient Poems, Tuimizhai Shi Wen, Tuimizhai Shi Wen Supplement, etc.
2. Xu
Xu (1634- 169 1 year) was born in Kunshan, Jiangsu. Xu and Xu, the two brothers who explore flowers, are both famous for their official titles, and they are called "Three Xus in Kunshan" and "Houses and Houses".
In the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659), he won the top prize. Emperor Shunzhi praised him as the "top scholar" and gave him a crown belt, a python suit and riding a royal horse. And awarded to the academician courtyard for compilation. In the eighteenth year of Kangxi, he became the president of Ming Dynasty and recommended Wan Sitong to the History Museum. I promoted imperial academy to drink and served as an official at the banquet.
Kangxi praised him: "khaw boon wan is a wine sacrifice, and the rules are serious. Children in Manchuria don't lead teachers, so they need to blame them. Everyone is in awe. Future generations cannot reach it. " Later, he was appointed as Zuodu Shi Yu, with a bachelor's degree in Wenhua Hall and a bachelor's degree in imperial academy.
In the 29th year of Kangxi (1690), the year after the signing of the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar Chu, the Qing court carved the Treaty on a tablet in five languages: Chinese, Manchu, Mongolian, Latin and Russian.
The inscription was written by Xu according to the Record, and Xu made a preface. Qing Tongzhi, Qing Jing and Sino-Russian Charter are all Chinese versions of Xu Yuan, with six articles in one volume.
Xu and his brothers, Xu and Xu, are well-known scholars and are called "Three Xu in Kunshan". Gu once said to Xu: "You have the heart of the country and the heart of the wild, so you can climb the mountain and face the water;" There is a strategy to help the world and people, and then you can discuss the current archaeology. "
In the 29th year of Kangxi (1690), Fu Lata, the governor of Jiangxi Province in the south of the Yangtze River, impeached Xu and his brother Xu and was dismissed from his post. Leap on July 27th, "scared to death by vomiting blood", at the age of 58. He is the author of Poems in Deshuyuan Classroom.
3. Xu Shichang
Xu Shichang (1855-1June 6, 939), the word Buwu, was named Juren, and was also named Mizhai, Donghai and Taozhai, and was later named Shuizhu Village, Shimenshan and Donghai Jushi.
Zhili (now Hebei) Tianjin people. His great-grandfather was an official in Henan and was born in Cao Ying Street Apartment, Fucheng, Weihui City, Henan Province.
Xu Shichang was a juren in his early years and a scholar in his later years. From Yuan Shikai's small station training, he was Yuan Shikai's counselor, ally and fellow traveler. In the thirty-first year of Guangxu (1905), he served as the military affairs minister. Xu Shichang was highly valued by Yuan Shikai, who stayed away from him in silence when he proclaimed himself emperor.
In the fifth year of the Republic of China (19 16), Yuan Shikai was forced to cancel the monarchy and appointed him as Secretary of State. In the seventh year of the Republic of China (19 18), Xu Shichang was elected President of the Republic of China by the National Assembly. He ordered a truce in the south and held a peace conference the following year.
In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), he resigned by telegraph in June and retired to Tianjin Concession to amuse himself with calligraphy and painting. Xu Shichang has a solid foundation in Chinese studies. He not only writes books, but also studies calligraphy. Lin Yuan's "Tomb of the Great President yuangong Shi Jie" written in Anyang was written by Xu Shichang.
The works are mainly composed of pine and bamboo landscapes, such as "Shimen Mountain Forest Picture Post". In his life, he edited more than 30 kinds of books, such as Confucianism in Qing Dynasty, Returning Farmland to Church, People in Shuizhu Village, etc. Later people called him "the sandwich president".
In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), Xu Shichang died at the age of 85. First buried in the former British cemetery in taoyuan village, Tianjin, and then buried with his wife at the foot of Sumen Mountain in Bai Quan Town, huixian city, Henan.
4. Xu Rufang
Xu Rufang, whose name is Gao Lan, was born in Renhe, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou). Be honest and upright.
Shunzhi sixteen years (1659), Jinshi. First awarded the magistrate of Yao County, Shanxi Province, and then went to Fujian to study. In the eighteenth year of Kangxi, he cited learned and colorful words, but did not take them.
5. Xu
Xu (1631-1694), whose real name was Jian 'an and Yu Feng, was a minister, scholar and bibliophile in Qing Dynasty. A native of Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, the nephew of Gu, a great scholar in the early Qing Dynasty, is as famous as his brother and Bing Yi, and is also known as "Three Xus in Kunshan".
In the ninth year of Kangxi (1670), the third scholar (flower exploration) was awarded editing. He has served as a Japanese lecturer, president of Ming history, assistant lecturer and cabinet bachelor. In the twenty-sixth year of Kangxi (1687), he was promoted to Zuo Du's suggestion and minister of punishments.
He presided over the compilation and revision of books such as History of the Ming Dynasty, Annals of the Qing Dynasty, Reading Rites and Examinations, and wrote 36 volumes of Garden Collection. There is a library at home, which is a famous library in the history of book collection in China.
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