1. How to translate "Xuzhou Lotus Inscription" by Su Shi
Su Shi was transferred to Xuzhou.
The Yellow River burst its banks near Caocun, overflowed in Liangshanbo, overflowed from the Nanqing River, and gathered under Xuzhou City. The water continued to rise and soon it would leak into the city. The city wall was about to be washed away, and the wealthy people in the city People rushed out of the city to seek refuge. Su Shi said: "If all the rich people leave the city, the people's hearts will definitely be shaken. Who will defend the city with me? As long as I am here, the water that bursts the embankment will not destroy the city wall."
So the rich people were driven back to the city. Su Shi went to the Wuwei camp and called out the soldier commander and said: "The river is about to rush into the city. The matter is very urgent. Although you are the imperial army, you must serve me for the time being."
The soldier commander said: "Prefect, you If you don't want to escape the flood, we villains should serve you." So the captain led his soldiers out of the camp with shovels and built a long embankment in the southeast. The embankment started from the horse stage and ended with the city wall.
It rained day and night, and only three panels of the city wall were undamaged. Su Shi lived in the city every day, even if he passed by his house, he would not enter. He sent officials to guard various parts of the city wall, and finally preserved the city of Xuzhou.
2. What kind of official method does Su Shi have in the Xuzhou Lianhua inscription?
In April of the 10th year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1077), Su Shi was transferred to Xuzhou magistrate. In the autumn of the same year, Su Shi, who had been in Xuzhou for less than half a year, encountered a breach in the Yellow River that had not been seen for a century. Faced with the surging flood, he did not flinch at all. He personally directed the people to build embankments to protect the city. He "kept a hut on the city", held a dustpan in his hands, and passed through his house three times without entering. Under his leadership, the army and the people were united and united, and finally saved the whole city from being killed. The people cheered loudly, and the court awarded him heavy rewards. Xuzhou, an ancient city on the edge of the Yellow River, suffered more than 200 floods in history. The city was destroyed and houses collapsed countless times, and the residents suffered disasters. As the prefect, he was the only one who led the army and the people to fight the floods under the city. Zhi
In addition to his achievements in defending water and drought, and encouraging farmers to cultivate mulberry trees, Su Shi successfully developed coal fields for the first time in Xuzhou, which is his historical achievement in Xuzhou that will last forever. Xuzhou is rich in coal, but no one has ever known it. After Su Shi took office, he lost no time in sending people to search for coal, and finally discovered a rich coal field in Baitu Town, fifty miles southwest of Xuzhou. For the first time in history, he wrote in the magnificent poem "Carboniferous Introduction" that praised the people of Xuzhou for mining coal: "Pengcheng used to have no coal. In December of the first year of Yuanfeng, he sent people to visit Baitu Town in the southwest of the state. To the north. Use smelting iron to make soldiers, sharper than Changyun." 3. What are the similarities between the Xuzhou Lianhua inscription and "Born in sorrow and died in peace and happiness" Original text "Born in sorrow and died in peace and happiness" 》Shun was raised in the garden, Fu Shuo was raised in the building, Jiao Ge was raised in the fish and salt, Guan Yiwu was raised in the army, Sun Shuao was raised in the sea, and Baili Xi was raised in the city.
Therefore, when Heaven is about to assign a great responsibility to a person, he must first strain his mind and will, strain his muscles and bones, starve his body and skin, deplete his body, and mess up his actions, so his mind and forbearance are tempted, It has been beneficial to what it cannot do. People always make mistakes, and then they can change; they are stuck in the heart, weighed by worries, and then act; they are marked by color, produced by sound, and then metaphor.
If you enter, you will be helpless and you will not be able to fight the soldiers at home; if you leave, you will be invincible to foreign patients, and the country will be permanently destroyed. Then I know that I was born in sorrow and died in happiness.
This article is a piece of lobbying speech by Mencius. The interpretation generally accepted by later generations is that the original text first lists Shun, Fu Shuo, Jiao Ge, Guan Zhong, Sun Shuao, and Baili Xi as six people who were born in the lower classes, and then says, "When heaven is about to assign great responsibilities to people, they must first work hard on their aspirations." ...", it is easy to think of the tempering of will, and the last sentence especially reminds people of the strong sense of tragedy of working hard in adversity. 4. Su Shi's "The Inscription on the Three Sophora Sophora Trees" and its translation
Su Shi's "The Inscription on the Three Sophora Sophora Trees"
Original text:
Is it inevitable? A wise person does not need to be expensive, and a kind person does not need to live long. Isn’t it inevitable? The benevolent must have successors. The two will be happy! I heard that Shen Baoxu said: "The crowd of people can defeat heaven, and the destiny of heaven can also defeat humans." Those who talk about heaven in the world do not wait for its determination but seek it, so they regard heaven as vast, good people are lazy, and evil people are Yisi.
Will God prosper the Wang family again? Why are there so many wise men among his descendants? Some people in the world compare the Duke of Jin (Wang You) with Li Qijun (the wise prime minister of the Tang Dynasty). The two of them are indeed comparable in terms of talent, strategy, integrity and integrity. Li Qijun's son Li Jifu and grandson Li Deyu enjoyed similar fame and wealth to the Wang family, but their loyalty, forgiveness and kindness were not as good as those of Wei Gong and his son. It can be seen from this that the Wang family’s blessings are flourishing! Wang Gong, the son of Duke Yimin, became friends with me. He advocated morality and was good at poetry and prose, thus inheriting his family tradition, so I wrote him down. The inscription says:
"Ah, how wonderful! Wei Gong's family business sprouted together with the locust tree. The hard work must take one generation to grow. He assisted Zhenzong and brought peace to the world. Visiting a home in the countryside, I am a small person who only watches for opportunities to seek fame and fortune from morning to night. How can I have time to cultivate my own virtue? I only hope for unexpected luck and harvest without planting. How can a country become a country without a gentleman? To the east of the capital is the residence of the Duke of Jin. The lush three locust trees symbolize the benevolence of the Wang family. " 5. "Three Locust Trees" Tang Ming" Translation by Su Shi
Reference translation:
Will God definitely reveal His will? But why are virtuous people not necessarily rich, and benevolent people not necessarily longevity? Doesn’t God necessarily reveal His will? But those who do good and benevolent people will definitely have good offspring. Which of these two statements is correct? I heard Bao Shenxu once said: "Man-made factors can change the destiny, and destiny is better than human factors." People in the world who discuss the way of heaven do not wait for God's will to be fully expressed before asking for it, so they think that God is ignorant and ignorant. of. Good people are lazy because of this, and evil people are presumptuous because of this. Robber Zhi could live a long life, but Confucius and Yan Hui were in trouble. This was because God had not yet expressed his true will. Pines and cypresses grow in mountains and forests. At first they were besieged by basil and trampled by cattle and sheep, but in the end they remained evergreen all year round and did not fade after thousands of years. This is the nature given to them by God. Regarding retribution for good and evil to people, some will not be shown until future generations. This has also been determined by God for a long time. Based on what I saw and heard, I verified that God’s will will definitely be revealed. This is clear and unquestionable.
When a country is about to prosper, there must be ministers who have accumulated good deeds from generation to generation and have done great good deeds without receiving blessings. However, their descendants will be able to enjoy the blessings of the Taiping monarchs who follow the laws of the previous kings. The blessings of the world. The late Duke of Jin, Wang You, the Minister of War, was prominent between the Later Han and the Later Zhou Dynasties. He served in the Taizu and Taizong dynasties successively. He was loyal and filial in both civil and military affairs. People all over the world expected him to serve as prime minister. However, Wang You was not honest due to his integrity. Ah, it is not tolerated by the world. He once planted three locust trees in the courtyard with his own hands and said: "My descendants will definitely be among the three nobles in the future." Later, his son Wei Guowen Zhenggong (Wang Dan), under the leadership of Zhenzong emperors Jingde and Xiangfu, During that time, he became prime minister. At that time, the government of the court was clear and the world was peaceful. He enjoyed fortune and glory for eighteen years.
Now if you leave something with someone else and pick it up the next day, you may or may not get it. However, the Duke of Jin cultivated his own virtues in order to seek blessings from God. After several decades, he received inevitable rewards. It's like holding a contract and handing it over with your own hands. I therefore know that God’s will will definitely be revealed.
I didn’t have time to see Wei Guogong (Wang Dan), but I met his son Yimin Gong. When he served Emperor Renzong, he was outspoken and dared to give advice. He led troops abroad and served as a servant at home for more than 30 years. This kind of title was not commensurate with his virtue. Will God prosper the Wang family again? Why are there so many wise men among his descendants? Some people in the world compare the Duke of Jin (Wang You) with Li Qijun (the wise prime minister of the Tang Dynasty). The two of them are indeed comparable in terms of talent, strategy, integrity and integrity. Li Qijun's son Li Jifu and grandson Li Deyu enjoyed similar fame and wealth to the Wang family, but their loyalty, forgiveness and kindness were not as good as those of Wei Gong and his son. It can be seen from this that the Wang family’s blessings are flourishing! Wang Gong, the son of Duke Yimin, became friends with me. He advocated morality and was good at poetry and prose, thus inheriting his family tradition, so I wrote him down.
The inscription says:
"Ah, how wonderful! Wei Gong's family business sprouted together with the locust tree. The hard work must take one generation to grow. He assisted Zhenzong and brought peace to the world. Visiting a home in the countryside, I am a small person who only watches for opportunities to seek fame and fortune from morning to night. How can I have time to cultivate my own virtue? I only hope for unexpected luck and harvest without planting. How can a country become a country without a gentleman? To the east of the capital is the residence of the Duke of Jin. The lush three locust trees symbolize the benevolence of the Wang family. " 6. Lian Su Shi's " Translation
The second volume of "Chinese Teaching Reference Book" for seventh grade published by Jiangsu Education Press (3rd edition, December 2003) explains it this way: There were people in the city selling lotus houses on burdens, so we Didn't go to the West Lake for boating and enjoying the countryside. The lotus farmer immediately climbed up the lotus in the pole and peeled out the lotus seeds inside. The lotus seeds had the flavor of dew and the fragrance of moonlight. First of all, "arrive" has two meanings, one is "arrive, arrive", and the reference book adopts this explanation; the other is "equivalent, can replace". The author believes that the second explanation should be adopted. "Not arrived" means "cannot be replaced or compared to". "Having not arrived at the West Lake for a wild cruise" means that it is not as good as going to the West Lake for boating and enjoying the countryside. The lotus seeds picked in this way are not from the lotus farmer's basket, but from the West Lake. In this way, it is more consistent with the dewy flavor of lotus seeds and the fragrance of moonlight described later. Secondly, "twirling lotus and peeling lotus seeds", the reference book believes that "xuan" (xuán) means "immediately, immediately", which describes the quick and agile movements of the lotus farmer selling lotus seeds, expressing the poet's eagerness to buy lotus seeds in Jinan City. But "xuan" (xuàn) has another explanation - "temporary (doing)". The author believes that this sentence can be understood as the poet temporarily climbing and breaking the lotus to peel out the lotus seeds. Third, based on the actual situation, the lotus seeds are mature and the lotus is about to wither or has already withered. Lotus farmers usually bring lotus pods with them when selling lotus seeds. It seems unreasonable to sell them with lotus stems. In the end, there seems to be no conflict between the poet's buying lotus seeds and going boating on the West Lake. The poet could have bought lotus seeds and then went boating on the West Lake. Tasting fresh lotus seeds while boating on the West Lake should be more poetic and rural. As mentioned above, the author believes that this poem should be understood as: There are people in the city carrying burdens selling lotus houses, which is not as good as us going to the West Lake for boating and enjoying the outings. Climb and break the lotus temporarily and peel out the lotus seeds inside the lotus pod. The lotus seeds have the flavor of dew and the fragrance of moonlight. 7. Inscriptions on Sky Stones Translated by Su Shi
Translation of "Inscriptions on Stone Inscriptions on Sky Stones" by Song Dynasty poet Su Shi: When Su Shi was twelve years old, he played a game of digging with a group of teenagers in the open space of the Shaji residence where he lived.
He got a strange stone, shaped like a fish, with a warm, crystal-clear appearance and light green color. It was dotted with tiny silver stars inside and outside. It made a clanging sound when struck. Try using it as an inkstone, it is easy to produce ink, but there is no place to store water.
My late father said: "This is an inkstone! It has the quality of an inkstone, but the shape is not quite complete." So he gave it back to me and said: "This is an auspicious sign for your writing. "
I used it very dearly and engraved an inscription on it saying: "Once you accept the creation of God, you will never change your original intention.
If I have both, what should I do? There are many such people in the world. In the autumn of the second year of Yuanfeng, I was imprisoned and my whole family was homeless. , books were also lost and scattered.
The next year I came to Huangzhou and looked for my square inkstone, but I couldn't find it. I thought I had lost it. In July of the seventh year of Yuanfeng, I took a boat to Dangtu, opened the book box, and suddenly saw it again. I was very happy.
So he gave it to his sons Su Ji and Su Guo. Although the box containing the inkstone is not very delicate, it was hand-carved by my father and ordered the craftsmen to make it according to the shape of the inkstone and cannot be replaced.
Original text: At 12 o'clock in the year of Shi, he and his group of children dug holes in the ground for a play in the gap of the house where they lived. The strange stone is obtained, like a fish, with warm and translucent skin and a light blue color.
There are fine silver stars on the outside and inside, and the buckles are resounding. When I tried to use the inkstone, it was very ink-producing, but there was no place to store water.
The late emperor said: "This is a natural inkstone, which has the virtue of an inkstone, but is not good at shaping the ears." Therefore, he gave it to Shi and said: "This is the auspiciousness of writing."
Shi Bao used it and made an inscription: Once you receive the precepts, you cannot change them. Either it's all about virtue, or it's all about form.
Both are the two, please take care of yourself. Lifting the lips and bending the feet, there are many in this world.
In the autumn and July of the second year of Yuanfeng, I was convicted and imprisoned. My family was displaced and my books were scattered. Next year I will go to Huangzhou and ask for the inkstone, but I will not find it again, thinking that I have lost it.
In the seventh month of the seventh year, the boat arrived at Dangtu and handed out the letter, and suddenly saw him again. I am very happy to pay for my passing.
Although the box is not yet finished, the ancestors carved the place where the inkstone was received by hand, and the workmen completed it, which is not easy.
Extended information: Creation background: On July 28th of the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi was involved in the Wutai Poetry Case, was arrested, and was demoted to Huangzhou. His late father sent him to another place. I don't know where the inkstone was thrown.
One day a few years later, he suddenly saw the Fang Inkstone on the bookshelf. Su Shi was overjoyed and quickly called his two sons and told them the story of the Fang Inkstone and what his grandfather had said. Discourse. The topic of moral articles is introduced from an inkstone, which shows that Su Xun and Su Shi really have good intentions in educating their children.
About the author: Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), also known as Zizhan and Hezhong, was also known as Tieguan Taoist and Dongpo layman. He was known as Su Dongpo and Su Shi in the world. Xian, whose ancestral home is Luancheng, Hebei Province, is a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. His representative works include "Seven Collections of Dongpo", "Yi Zhuan of Dongpo", "Dongpo Yuefu", "Xiaoxiang Bamboo and Stone Picture Scroll", etc.