Entering the Yimen, it is a stone archway with three rooms, four columns and five floors. Stone archway is the landmark building of Donglin Academy, and the words "Lindong former site" are engraved on the front of the square. The earlier inscription is said to be "Luo Min Center", which is intended to praise Shi Yang's connecting role between Luoyang Second Cheng (Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi) and Fujian's Zhu Neo-Confucianism.
On the back of the stone archway, there is an inscription entitled "Learn from Tianjin and Liang". After Gu Xiancheng and others revived Lindong, they claimed to teach Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism. Regardless of Neo-Confucianism for the time being, I think the academy may have fallen into mediocrity if it has always followed the function of teaching and educating people. However, Donglin Academy was doomed to be unwilling to be lonely, but the rebuilt academy became famous and moved the ruling and opposition parties.
Lizetang is a teaching place of the college. The name Lizetang was coined by Gu Xiancheng himself, which means to learn from each other's strong points, be friends with literature and help others. Since the late autumn of 1604, a group of equally loyal and down-to-earth officials have been giving lectures and discussing politics here, trying to open up a politically clear and frivolous environment for people with their own ideological aspirations, leaving an invincible scene in history.
Since then, the sound of wind and rain and the sound of reading here have resounded like thunder in the stormy night sky at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and a large number of talents have poured into the academy, jostling with each other and buzzing with voices. At that time, people who admired its style echoed each other and formed the present style, which was called Lindong Party at that time. The small academy became the center of public opinion in the late Ming Dynasty, and a complicated history of party struggle was interpreted in colorful ways.
There is a famous couplet hanging in the Lama Temple. This couplet also tells a story: On a stormy night, Mr. Chen Yunpu took a boat under the bridge to take shelter from the rain. A family on the shore showed a faint light and saw two children reading under the light. Teacher Chen casually wrote a couplet "The sound of wind and rain, the sound of reading". One of the children thought for a moment and then gave a couplet "Everyone cares about family affairs, state affairs and the world". This child is Gu Xiancheng, the later leader of Lindong, and this couplet has become a true portrayal of Lindong students who never forget national security when they study and give lectures.
Yi Yongtang is a symbol of the academic territory of Lindong School, and its status is extremely high. It is rumored that Gu Xiancheng and others resurrected Lin Dong and gathered people to give lectures. The college meeting has been decided: there will be a general meeting once a year and a short meeting once a month for three days. Every meeting will be dominated by one person. If there is a problem, there will be a problem, and if there is business, there will be business. Everyone at the meeting listened with an open mind.
In addition to lectures, Lindong people also satirize state affairs, judge people, point out past abuses, and strive for new things. Lindong people advocate ambition and practice; Oppose empty talk and be divorced from reality. Therefore, when they went to the ruling and opposition parties, some domestic scholars and officials admired He Ying and made Lindong their home, which was an unprecedented occasion.
Huanjing Pavilion was named after Gu Xiancheng wrote Huanjing Record. Gu Xiancheng's family was poor when he was a child. He studied hard at a cold window and finally became famous as an official. Gu Xiancheng was convicted and dismissed from office because of corruption in Chaogang at that time. After returning to Wuxi, he and his friends founded the Lindong Conference, known as "Mr. Lindong".
Daonan Temple is the place where Shi Yang, a great scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, is worshipped by the Academy, and also the place where the disciples of the Academy rest. According to legend, Shi Yang was very clever since he was a child, and he was called a child prodigy. Hao Cheng, a college counselor, was once a teacher. After Shi Yang finished his studies, when he went to the south with his teacher, the teacher looked at his back and sighed, "I know how to go to the south." . The word "Daonan" came from this.
Daonan Temple is the only building left after the destruction of the Academy, which witnessed the struggle between Lindong Party and Yan Party. In fact, the whole history of Ming Dynasty is a tragedy of loyal ministers. From Yongle's destruction of Fang Xiaoru, Yu Qian, Xiong Tingbi and Yuan Chonghuan to the end of Ming Dynasty, tragedy was interpreted to the extreme. Under the protection of the Apocalypse Emperor, the eunuch party destroyed all the academies in the world, and a large number of Lindong people were killed.
According to "Ming History", Lindong's side "holds the title of inspection, makes great efforts to govern, is strict and upright, and is located in Kan Kan". Lindong Party is a just force on the political stage in the late Ming Dynasty. Lindong people are honest officials, and their reputation is obvious. When the platform of the late Ming Dynasty was corrupted, Lindong Party injected a shot in the arm into the dying Ming Dynasty, purified the social atmosphere and suppressed the evil forces. It was a bright light before the decline of the Ming Dynasty.
The rise and fall of Lindong Party was a process of political party disputes in the late Ming Dynasty. Lindong Party formed an influential political force in the ruling and opposition parties, which affected the development of the political situation. However, Lindong Party can't get rid of the shackles of the times, care about fame and fortune, and can't get rid of narrowness. It allows a large number of Lindong people to serve as officials and crowd out other parties. In the end, it gradually declined in the struggle with eunuchs and became the victim of party disputes in the late Ming Dynasty.
Lindong Gonggong Temple was built in the light years of Qing Dynasty, and it is dedicated to officials, scholars, gentry and sages who contributed to the restoration, protection and donation of Donglin Academy from Song to Qing Dynasty. When the temple was completed, Li Hongzhang was invited to write the name of the temple, written by Zou An, a famous calligrapher in Wuxi at that time.
Since ancient times, Wuxi has respected teachers and valued education, and the trend of reading has become more and more common. Zheng Xin Pavilion built in the open-air courtyard. The plaques hanging in the museum are outstanding in Wuxi's previous scientific research. Wuxi * * * has five champions, three champions, six flower explorers and more than 600 scholars. The beautiful talk of "Nine Scholars and One List" and "Six Subjects and Three Solutions" has been passed down to this day.
Yanju Temple is a place where Confucius is enshrined in the academy. It was built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty and was destroyed in the struggle between the Party and the Yan Party, and it was not rebuilt until the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. Yanju Temple is a typical architectural style of Ming Dynasty, elegant and simple, and doesn't like carving. Yanju Temple includes the main building and the doorstep embedded with "Yanju Temple" and "Holy City".
In the Yanju Temple, Confucius, the most sacred teacher, is enshrined, and Mencius, Ceng Zi, Yan Zi and Zi Si are also enshrined on both sides. The word "Yanju" is taken from the Analects of Confucius, which means "Yanju, who is physically and mentally like a career", that is, "Yanju" and lives in seclusion. Different from Dacheng Hall of Confucius Temple in Gong Xue, Fuxian County, it was named "Rock House".
On the east side of the academy is a moat, which is named Republic because of its arched back. There is an Amin-style pier on the bank of the river, named "Watching Wonders" by Gao Panlong, a native of Lindong. Today, the east side of Donglin Academy is bounded by Gonghe River, and there is no wall, so that the elegant and beautiful old Lindong is directly presented to passers-by.
In this season when grass grows and warblers fly, there is a school of gardens in the south of the Yangtze River, with cool breeze, white walls and black tiles, exotic flowers and plants, rugged rocks, small bridges and flowing water, and pleasant scenery. Lindong Jingshe, Lizetang, Yongyongtang, Yanju Temple and Sangong Temple reveal a long history and have the charm of cultural shrines.
Tourists wander around, which is quite different from the bustling scene of students and politicians about 400 years ago. After historical filtration and precipitation, the impassioned and ambitious academic debate in the past has long since disappeared. However, the political ambition of taking the world as its own responsibility, the independent spirit and personality charm of the academy are all in the history of thousands of years.