Mr. Zhao has a unique vision. He can often find valuable antiques, calligraphy and paintings from mountains of waste. On one occasion, a nanny sold a lot of waste products, from which Mr. Zhao saw that an album was not an ordinary thing. He bought these pages from a vendor and found them to be Mr. Dong Qichang's album! Once the news came out, it quickly caused an uproar in the antique world. How precious are Dong Qichang's paintings? Everything can be sold at the auction house for a sky-high price. Dong Qichang's topic has also become hot because of the lucky Mr. Zhao.
Dong Qichang was born in the Ming Dynasty and was one of the most famous painters in the Ming Dynasty. 1555, Dong Qichang was born in a poor family in Songjiang. Although he had no prominent background, Dong Qichang was still ambitious and studied hard when he was young, and soon became famous for his outstanding talents.
1589, 34-year-old Dong Qichang High School, a scholar. Since then, he has embarked on his official career and has been in the officialdom for many years. He has returned to his hometown several times and served as an official several times. 1633, Dong Qichang, who is already a Prince Taibao, resigned for the last time and went back to his hometown to live at home for a long time. Chongzhen died peacefully in nine years.
Songjiang is a place where talents gather. Throughout the ages, Songjiang has produced countless literary masters and painters. It can be said that Dong Qichang became famous late among Songjiang painters. However, due to Dong Qichang's continuous study of skills, his accomplishments in painting and calligraphy are getting higher and higher, and few painters in Songjiang Department can match him. "Painting History and Painting Essentials" once commented: "Dong Qichang has mountains and rivers, trees and stones, flowing clouds and lofty sentiments, but it is the first in this dynasty in its elegant pen."
Dong Qichang began to dabble in calligraphy at the age of seventeen, taking many pagodas in Yan Zhenqing as the enlightenment, and copied them attentively. Later, Dong Qichang changed his style and began to study Yu Shinan's calligraphy. He went out to study, traveled around, visited historical sites and came into contact with many famous works. The greatest advantage of Dong Qichang's calligraphy is that he is good at absorbing hundreds of schools of thought, and on this basis, he combines them with his own artistic vision, and finally becomes a school of his own.
Although Dong Qichang's writings seem to be masterpieces of a hundred schools of thought contend, a close reading reveals that they are quite different from all schools of thought contend and have Dong Qichang's unique personal style. If we use an idiom to evaluate Dong Qichang, it is "leisure and elegance". Dong Qichang's works are very natural and eclectic. Some people say: Dong Qichang's calligraphy combines Li Beihai's "character bone" and Nangong's "font", which not only turns the grandeur of Li Beihai's books into lightness, but also turns the complicated Nangong into simplicity.
Handsome, upright and elegant, this is the best portrayal of Dong Qichang's calligraphy. Dong Qichang's ink and wash "thick makeup is always appropriate", and every stroke is just right, no matter how much ink is used. Yuefu, Nineteen Ancient Poems and Preface to Liu Gongquan Lanting Collection are three of Dong Qichang's most outstanding works.
In Qing Dynasty, Dong Qichang's calligraphy was very popular with the capital teachers of Kang and Gan. Kangxi once boasted in Postscript Dong Qichang Ink: "Hua Ting Dong Qichang's calligraphy is very different. Its elegance and roundness are popular in the ink room, which is beyond the reach of many literati. Every time inadvertently, you will be unique, such as Wei Yun winding, breeze blowing, especially natural. " If Dong Qichang's calligraphy is a must, then his paintings can be called two.
Dong Qichang's painting style combines the advantages of Dong Yuan, Huang and Ni Zan, and also includes the brushwork of Song and Yuan painters. Dong Qichang's paintings are not realistic, but pay attention to meaning. Each stroke is very dull to outline a beautiful artistic conception, and he has a layered feeling in coloring.
Dong Qichang's paintings are "original" and his "poor handwriting" has a natural flavor. Dong Qichang's Jia Xuan Tu, Lan Rong Chuan Cai Tu, Guan Shanxue Tu and Zhou Jintang Tu are his representative works. Dong Qichang's works not only have a far-reaching influence in China, but also spread abroad, causing an uproar in foreign painting and calligraphy circles. Where can we see the basic skills of a scholar? A book and a picture are enough.
Unfortunately, Dong Qichang, who is good at painting and calligraphy, is far from being accomplished in painting and calligraphy, even to the point of inferiority. He is extremely shrewd in personnel and has made three advances and three retreats in his career. "Chen Li is on the list, but if it doesn't work, stop." At the age of 35, he entered the official career and retired at the age of 80. He also served as an official for 45 years, totaling 18 and returned to the field for 27 years.
This not only created an image of humility and transcendence in the official class, but also reached the peak of secular power. It is said that when Dong Qichang resigned several times and returned to his hometown, he killed people in his hometown and became arrogant in the village.
There is such a thing circulating in Songjiang literati circle:
Dong Qichang once tried to take Hu Xian's granddaughter as a concubine, and later defiled Hu Xian's sister. In order to expand Dong's ancestral home, Dong Qichang forced his neighbors to move and seize territory. According to legend, Dong Qichang was addicted to the art of tonic, and raped young girls many times for tonic. Although Dong Jia has fertile land, he pays no more than three points of tax every year.
16 14 At the end of the year, Dong Qichang, who was at home, took a fancy to Lu Ying, a maid, and wanted to accept her as his concubine. The next day, Dong Qichang's second son, Dong Zuchang, with more than 200 servants, lit a torch in the middle of the night and broke into Lujia to bring Lu Ying back to Dong Gu. After this happened, it quickly spread throughout Songjiang.
Because Liu Tiansheng was born with a black face and Dong Qichang was nicknamed "Sibai", some scholars wrote this story in novels such as Black and White Biography and Five Spirits and Eight Spirits, satirizing people in Dong Qichang. After these novels came out, they were very popular, and even some storytellers wrote them into jokes and rapped around Songjiang.
16 15 years, storyteller Qian Er set up a stall in Songjiang street to tell a story, telling the story of Dong Qichang seizing a cloth. Fan Tingzhi, a friend of Huating, passed by this street and listened to several paragraphs with great interest. Dong Jia's wicked servant passed by and saw Fan Tingzhi listening to a book with relish, so he reported the matter to Dong Qichang.
Dong Qichang and his son thought that Fan Tingzhi was the chief culprit in writing black-and-white biography, and immediately took a group of servants to arrest people, beating Qian Er, a storyteller, and Fan Tingzhi, a listener. And Fan Tingzhi was forced by Dong Qichang to kneel down and apologize. Fan Tingzhi became angry from embarrassment and suddenly died in the street.
After Fan Tingzhi's tragic death, his mother, Feng, came to Dong's door with her family, trying to get an explanation from Dong Qichang and denouncing Dong Qichang's disregard for human life. However, Dong Qichang and his son not only refused to plead guilty, but also excused themselves unreasonably, and even sent evil servants and others to the temple to arrest the Fan family.
Later, Dong Qichang tied the Fan family to a chair, messed up their bun, took off their shoes, and insulted them. Then the wicked complained first and went to the yamen to say that the Fan family had broken into houses. Even, in order to kill the Fan family, Dong Qichang spent a lot of money to get through the joints.
Dong Jia's evil deeds quickly attracted the condemnation of the local people, and the whole Feng family wrote "grievances"; Five scholars jointly wrote a "campaign" listing Dong Qichang's crimes one by one. Songjiang is famous for the heinous crimes committed by Dong Qichang.
Children in the street sang jingles like "If you want to be strong, kill Dong Qichang first", and publications described the father and son as "Dong Qichang, beast" and "Dong Zuchang, villain". Over time, not only Dong Qichang's evil deeds spread throughout Songjiang, but also Dong Qichang's "good reputation" spread throughout Huizhou, Huguang, Sichuan and Shaanxi.
On March 15 every year, officials burn incense, and ordinary people take this opportunity to gather around Minglun Hall. According to historical records, the scene at that time was "people crowded the streets, not less than a million people, but they were angry with each other." Millions of people came here, crying or cursing, and they were all stating Dong Qichang's crimes.
In addition, many scholars came to the government to avenge local officials. In order to calm the public's anger, the government first arrested Dong Jia's servants and played 25 boards, perfunctory. The eyes of the people are discerning, and the culprit can't be these "dogs". Angry people are very dissatisfied. Instead of being appeased, they became more and more fierce.
Dong Qichang and his son were very scared when they saw him. They called 200 servants around Donggu, and the people came to Dongfu around them and raised the flag at the gate. Dong Jia's evil servants threw dung and other dirt on the roof to disperse the people, while the people found ladders to climb up the wall to remove bricks and tiles, confronted Dong Jia's evil servants and even demolished Dong Jia's gate.
Later, when people saw that Dong Shi and his son couldn't get help, they planned to set the Dong family mansion on fire. Unfortunately, it rained heavily, but in the end, they couldn't do it. Since then, people have continued to come to Dong's home to discuss and argue. People in Qingpu, Jinshan and other places nearby heard about this incident and came to cheer, and the momentum of the people became more and more huge.
In the evening, two children climbed into Dong Jia's mansion, lit two rolls of mat soaked in oil in advance and threw them into Dong Jia's house. Suddenly, a fire broke out in the East Mansion, rising into the sky: "More than a hundred painted beams, bamboo columns, pavilions and secret rooms were completely destroyed and burned." Chen's residence by the river was first demolished, but it was also exquisite. "The plaques written by Dong Qichang went up in smoke in the fire.
The next day, there was only a broken wall left in Dong's mansion. Ordinary people don't let go of the only remaining ruins, and write down Dong Qichang's crimes on this wall. After Dong Fu was razed to the ground, Dong Jia had to flee to nearby Liu Zhuang. Later, they moved several times in succession, and the public anger gradually subsided.
China has said since ancient times that "writing is like a person" and "writing is like a person", that is, a person's nature can be seen from his ink. This sentence has been fulfilled in most people, and many literati are equal in literature and character. But there are always exceptions. There have been many corrupt people with different personalities and styles in history. They are outstanding in literary talent, but they are doing evil things worse than pigs and dogs. Dong Qichang is one of them.
To treat people like Dong Qichang, we should not only affirm his contribution to literature and art, but also give a correct evaluation of his works. However, we must not ignore his misdeeds. After all, it is fundamental to be talented. Learn literature if you have spare time.
Dong Qichang's tomb is located in Yuyang Mountain, Xukou Town, Suzhou, with a brief introduction engraved on the tablet: the tomb is located in Li Yuyang, Xukou Town, with two places. One is in Yangjiachang, the tomb has been destroyed, and the cemetery is Sangyuan; In addition, in Yuyangshan Wharf, the regulations are relatively large, and there are stone components such as turtles, lions, horses, Weng Zhong and monuments. The grave is small and simple, a pile of stones and a few rotten grasses. The inscription reads: "The tomb will not be built in Wuzhong in winter, and Wu Yinpei will learn to worship books later.