The most important thing about calligraphy is persistence. You can see it if you practice it every day for a long time. Especially for young people nowadays, few can persist, but writing skills are also important. Every famous artist Everyone has their own style. Here are some calligraphy precautions and techniques of Yan Ti:
Yan Zhenqing’s cursive calligraphy is characterized by being both concise and vigorous, as well as vertical and horizontal. His writing style is vigorous, skillful and natural, and has the flavor of seal script, but his cursive writing still maintains the standards of Wei and Jin Dynasties. Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy theory is circulated in "Twelve Meanings of Zhang Changshi's Calligraphy". The method of writing has been discussed before. The next step is to develop its essentials. How to make various strokes when starting the pen to express different calligraphy styles. There are many changes during this period, as well as the way to start and start the pen, the priority of the strokes, You need to pay attention to the connections and breaks between strokes or words, as well as the way of turning, the use of strokes, etc. But even though there are many, there are still certain rules to be found. The following is roughly divided into seven points, and they are briefly described in categories:
Starting and ending a pen:
As for starting a pen, make sure the square and circle are clear , perfect and clean, Bao Shichen said: "The starting point of writing: if you go along, there will be no missing peaks, and if you go in reverse, there will be no rising ink." If there are no missing peaks, the shape will be perfect, and if there is no rising ink, the strokes will be clean. round. When closing the pen, you need to pause or fold the tip of the pen to make a square shape, and return the tip to make a round shape. The above points are the basic principles for getting started, and should be practiced more.
Pose and pause:
When you are writing, the process of completing a word is composed of lifting and pausing. "Dun" is formed by the interaction of pen and stroke. "Dun" means pressing the pen down, bending the edge of the pen and exerting force on the paper. "Lift" means to lift or half-lift the pen to continue writing. Generally speaking, you need to lift the pen before you can stroke after pausing, and you need to pause after lifting the pen to shape the stroke or to connect the next stroke. Finally the words take shape. That’s why it is said that calligraphy writing is an alternating process of mention and pause. It also includes more detailed changes, such as full and half lifts, and the importance of pauses. This requires readers to experience it themselves.
Pen-turning and folding:
In addition to the above-mentioned mentions and pauses, pen-turning and pen-folding also need to be paid attention to. "Turn" is the method of making round strokes, and "Zuo" is the method of drawing square strokes. Zhang Tingxiang once said: "The real book is formed by pointillism, and its nature is revealed by turning." Among them, as seen in the breakdown of ancient books, folding can also be called turning. The method of expression is "drag and add on top", which means to stop the pen during the stroke and change the direction of the stroke to make a slight "ㄟ" shape. Square the outer corners to get the meaning of the strokes. As for the turning method, it is also called twisting. In the strokes, "moving and turning downwards", the meaning is almost the same as above, but it does not stop when turning, and turns downwards with the trend. The shape is also the same as ㄟ, but the outer corners of the drawing are rounded, turning The amplitude is relatively large. Jiang Menglin once explained it graphically and attached a poem: "Turn it over and fold it into a right angle, twist it and roll it like a spin." This example can be clearly seen.
Square pen and round pen:
This part is more complicated and requires an overall effect. According to the above-mentioned starting, closing, lifting, pausing, turning and folding, when writing, slow down a little to make the writing more stable. Use appropriate techniques to make the strokes medium at the starting, ending and turning points to highlight them. The curvature makes the overall structure look round, relaxed and elegant. The square brush highlights the backbone of the strokes among the above-mentioned points, making the overall structure clear, straight yet light, calm, vigorous and straight. Zhang Longyan said: "The square brush is straight and precise, while the round brush is crooked and strange." He praised it very much.
Hiding the front and exposing the front:
When it comes to the pen edge, it can be extended to the deviated front, the direct front, the overlapping front, the folded front, and the return front. It is important to know the usage of the pen edge. If there is no change in the center of the calligraphy pen, that is the way to die. The hidden front and the exposed front are the most important. Hiding the edge means hiding the edge of the brush in the strokes without showing traces; exposing the edge means the edge of the brush is exposed naturally. Xu Haoyun: "When using a pen, you need to hide the sharp edge. If the sharp edge is not hidden, the writing will be defective." This sentence is very clear. If the brush strokes are not concealed, there will be a lack of implicit and deep rhyme. Also, if one side is not emphasized, it will be a disease if the strokes are not in the middle. The two must be coordinated, the hidden edge encapsulates the spirit, the exposed edge allows the spirit, so that the character's momentum is straight and straight, and the charm is natural, that is, the way is achieved.
The tightness of holding the pen:
The tightness of holding the pen has been explained in many ways since ancient times. Those who seek tightness are because they can hold the pen tightly to prevent the words from becoming weak. Those who seek looseness are because If you hold the pen too tightly, the characters will be exposed and have no edge. In fact, they have similar meanings, but the emphasis is different.
If you hold the pen too loosely, it will easily fall off when handling the pen, and your hand will have no strength, and of course it will be unstable; if you hold the pen too tight, it will hinder the operation, which is also bad. Moderate tightness is the right way.
Wrist pillow: Put your wrist on the table to write, and only rely on your palm to write. The range is small and it is not suitable for writing large characters.
Wrist lift: Put your elbows on the table to write. The range becomes wider, so it is better to write Chinese characters.
Wrist hanging: Lift the whole arm, keep the elbow in a fixed position, and use the palm and shoulder to move the pen. The range of movement is large and it is suitable for writing large characters. It is the most difficult of the three methods.
In addition, when holding the pen, you need to be stable, use the support points to assist the pen movement, inertia on the moving parts, maintain a graceful posture, straighten the back and look straight. Remember to pay attention to four points when holding the pen:
Fixed fingers: This means that all fingers must be pressed firmly on the pen barrel to hold it firmly.
Weak palms: This means that the palms of the palms do not need to be stretched too tightly, just moderately and enough to be able to use the pen flexibly.
Round back of hand: This describes the rounded and upright appearance of the back of the hand when writing. (You don’t have to hold your arms round, just enough to allow your fingers to be flexible)
Hold your palms upright: It means to hold your palms upright so that you can hold the pen straight. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty said: "If the fingers are strong, the strength of the muscles will be even, but if the palms are weak, it will be easy to use." The parts you need to pay attention to are roughly the same, and the rest of the details are up to the reader to experience.
Biography is the foundation of calligraphy. If you don’t master it, it will be useless no matter how you write. So calligraphy attaches great importance to this. There are three methods of writing: one is the finger movement, the other is the wrist movement, and the third is the elbow movement. The calligrapher Zhang Tingxiang once said: "There are three ways to use the brush: the finger, the elbow, and the wrist; small characters should be pointed, medium characters should be wrists, large characters should be elbow,...
Finger movement method: Finger movement method is One of the ways to hold the pen is to place the left hand under the right hand. It can also be replaced by placing a heavy object under the right wrist. In this way, the wrist is fixed, leaving only the palm and fingers. It is partially movable, so it can only write short and thin strokes, so it is suitable for small characters. However, it is not suitable to use the pillow-wrist method when writing small characters in cursive script, because this method is less flexible and will lack a flow when writing. Qi cannot express his spirit. In short, the finger movement method is the most stable and firm when writing. It can be used as the first step to practice writing. It will be much easier to progress to wrist raising or wrist hanging. Therefore, beginners should practice more. Practice.
Wrist movement method: The wrist movement method is to fix the elbow and lift the wrist. This method lifts the wrist and has a wider range of movement than the pillow wrist posture. It is not suitable for writing large Chinese characters, because the elbow is still on the ground and the range of movement is still limited.
Elbow movement method: The elbow movement method is to hang the elbow together. This method is generally called the hanging wrist style. This method is centered on the shoulders, and the wrists and elbows are not placed on the desk, so it is the most flexible, has the largest range of movement, and is easy to express pen power in regular script, running cursive and other calligraphy styles. In short, the hanging wrist style is the ultimate way to use the pen. If you want to be perfect, you must be skilled in this method, otherwise the big characters will not be able to show their power, the writing will not be free and easy, and each will not have the key points.
1. Seat: The seat is appropriate and the posture is natural and easy to correct. The main points are as follows: the seat should be facing the table and should not be slanted when working. The height of the tabletop depends on the person. It is neither too high nor too low. The distance between the table and the chair should be as long as the body can be straightened. The so-called zero distance between the table and the chair. The distance between tables and chairs is zero, which is ideal.
2. Posture essentials: The seat is stable and appropriate, and the essentials are easily accessible to all parts of the body, so that you can use the pen with ease. The details are as follows: sit flat on the chair surface. Spread your feet as wide as your shoulders, plant your feet firmly on the ground, and lean your upper body slightly forward.
Stand your back straight and lean forward slightly without bending.
The chest should be raised and about five centimeters away from the edge of the table. If you lean on the edge of the table, there will be no room for movement. Abdomen shrunken. Press the paper with your left hand to stabilize your body. Hold the pen with the right hand, either resting on the wrist, lifting the wrist, or hanging on the wrist, according to the instructions for holding the pen. The head should be upright but slightly bent forward, and the eyes should be looked straight at each other and should not be tilted. In addition, you need to relax, be natural, concentrate on your writing, and then fully utilize your writing capabilities.
3. Standing posture: Some larger calligraphy characters need to be written while standing. The posture is similar to the sitting posture, and the key points are as follows: No chair is needed for standing writing. The height of the table should be such that the upper body is slightly bent, about around the waist, and should not be too high or too low. The distance between the table and the body should be similar to the sitting position. Do not lean on the edge of the table as there will be no room for movement. Spread your feet as wide as your shoulders, and do not stand flat. You need to step forward with your right foot to stand firmly. Hold the pen with your right hand, press the paper with your left hand and stabilize your body.
The upper body is slightly bent forward and cannot be bent. Use your right foot and left hand to make it stable. The head should also naturally bend slightly along with the upper body, and the eyes should be looked straight at each other without tilting. The mood is relaxed and natural, and the spirit must be concentrated.
Legislation is an important part of the formal beauty of calligraphy art. The pointillism is the beauty of lines, the frame structure is the beauty of local composition, and the composition is the beauty of overall composition. The rules of Zhao Ti regular script can be studied and grasped from two aspects.
One, neat and uniform. The overall sense of regular script is first of all neatness. The arrangement of characters is equidistant between characters and lines, giving people a stable and solemn visual effect. This form is most suitable for strict regular script. The different shapes of the width and length of the knots produce local uneven changes, so that the regular script, which is uniform but not rigid, will not suffer from disharmony or monotony.
Second, unity in diversity. The biggest feature of Zhao Ti regular script is that it has elements of running script. The writing style is changeable, and the characters are given shapes without deliberate arrangement. It has a very harmonious and unified relationship among diversity and change. The feeling is that there is movement in the stillness, and the emotions are in the words. The first thing that impresses people about a piece of calligraphy art is its overall effect, and the whole is composed of countless parts. Therefore, when arranging the composition, you should not ignore the details of each character, such as the shape, length, change of straightness, weight and rhythm of the characters, etc., all need to be carefully considered, designed rigorously, and passed through persistently. After a long period of practice, I can freely process the composition, show a kind of design beauty that seems to have no design, and reach a higher state of calligraphy art.
The regular script composition is not complicated, and its main forms include nave, couplets, banners, horizontal drapes, fans, etc. The layout of regular script, the character spacing and line spacing are basically equal in most cases, but there are also cases where the line spacing is greater than the character spacing; they are always written vertically from right to left, and those with a small number of characters written horizontally are still written from right to left; modern Chinese horizontal writing is From left to right, this method can also be used under special circumstances, but vertical writing is still better from right to left. ?