2. The Romance of the West Chamber is the masterpiece of Wang Shifu, the most famous zaju writer in the Yuan Dynasty, and it is also the masterpiece of the Yuan Dynasty. The main characters are Cui Yingying, Zhang Sheng and the matchmaker. Guan Hanqing's Handed Down Works is the first work handed down in Yuan Dynasty, and it is an immortal work in Yuan Dynasty's tragedy. Peony Pavilion is the representative work of Tang Xianzu, a dramatist in Ming Dynasty. It tells the love story of Du Liniang and Liu Mengmei, and it is a romantic masterpiece. Peach Blossom Fan, written by Kong, a dramatist in Qing Dynasty, tells a love story with Li, and is a masterpiece of legendary dramas in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The orphan of Zhao is a work of Yuan Dynasty.
3. Li Bai, whose words are too white, is known as "Poet Fairy" and "Poet through the ages". Praise Li Bai for "Tang poetry is incomparable, violet is the first in Wen Yuan" and "Li Bai has hundreds of poems". Du Fu, with beautiful words, is known as "Poet Saint" (History of Poetry), also known as "Du Gongbu" (Du Fu Ji). Han Yu's poem "Du Li's article exists, and the flames are endless", and "Du Li" refers to the poems of Li Bai and Du Fu. Du Li is a Gemini in the history of China's poetry. Du Fu's poem "The pen falls in shock and rain, and the poem makes the gods cry." And "white poetry is invincible, and the imagination is not group. Fresh and open, Junyibao joined the army. " It is a highly respected poetic art of Li Bai. Du Fu dreamed of Li Bai, a thousand years' fame and ten thousand years' fame. What's so good about it? It will be gone when you die. Du Fu's poem "But before he conquered, he was dead, and the heroes cried on their coats." (Book fragrance) and "The Three Kingdoms, divided, have been bound by his greatness, and the Eight Fortress is built on his fame." ("Eight Arrays") was written by Zhuge Liang, Prime Minister of Shu.
4. Song Ci is generally divided into "bold school" and "graceful school". The representative poets of the "bold school" are Su Shi and Xin Qiji. The representative poets of "graceful and restrained school" are Li Qingzhao and Liu Yong. At that time, it was said that Liu Lang (Liu Yong) only married 178 girls, held up a red tooth plate and sang "Yang Liuan Xiaofeng Canyue". The bachelor (Su Dongpo) had to sing "The River of No Return" with bronze pipa and iron plate.
5. Wang Guowei, a master of Chinese studies at the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, pointed out in "Words on Earth" that people who have made great achievements in ancient and modern times must go through three realms in university, and quoted the poems of three poets in Song Dynasty: Yan Shu "Last night, the west wind withered the trees, and he looked at the horizon alone in a high-rise building." Describe a visionary who can stand loneliness. Liu Yong: "I don't regret my clothes getting wider, and I am haggard for Iraq." Describe perseverance and persistent pursuit. Xin Qiji "looked for him in the crowd for thousands of Baidu, and suddenly looked back, people were there, and the lights were dim." Describe after hard exploration, finally achieved something.
6. Wang Guowei, a scholar, said in "Words on Earth" that "every generation has its own literature. The Sao of Chu, the Fu of Han, the parallel prose of six generations, the poems of Tang, the poems of Song and the songs of Yuan are all' literature of one generation', which cannot be imitated by future generations. " Wang Guowei believes that the highest achievements of literature in a specific period are: Chu Ci, Han Fu, Parallel Prose in the Six Dynasties, Tang Poetry, Song Ci and Yuan Qu. (Supplement: Ming and Qing novels. Among them, Tang poetry, Song Ci and Yuan Qu are also world-renowned. Representative works of Han Fu: Ban Gu's Fu on Two Capitals and Cao Zhi's Fu on Luoshen. Parallel prose, also known as prose, flourished in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Masterpieces: Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long and Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting.
7. Qing Pu Songling said to himself, "Where there is a will, there is a way. If you cross the rubicon, 120 Qin Guan will eventually be Chu; Hard-working people, the sky pays off, go forward bravely, and 3,000 Yue families can swallow Wu. " There are two allusions: Xiang Yu burned his bridges and Gou Jian did his best. Pu Songling's masterpiece Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.
8. Poets Li Bai, Sheng Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Wang Wei, He, Meng Jiao and Jia Dao, and Liu Yuxi. Tang poetry has different styles. Li Bai is a representative of romantic poets. Du Fu is a representative of realistic poets. Wang Wei and Meng Haoran are the representatives of landscape pastoral poets. Wang Changling, Gao Shi and Cen Can are representatives of frontier poets, while Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen are representatives of the New Yuefu Movement (that is, the pursuit of easy-to-understand language).
9. The most holy Confucius (sage), sage Mencius, book sage Wang Xizhi, Jin.
Painting Saint Wu Daozi Tang Dynasty poet Saint Du Fu Ci Saint Su Shi
Wensheng Ouyang Xiu Cha Sheng Lu Yutang Yao Lisheng Shizhen
Zhang Zhongjing, medical sage, Zhang Xutang, grass sage of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Tao Yuanming Jin, an idyllic poet of Tang Dynasty in Sun Simiao
Qu Yuan, the father of poetry, Sima Qian, the father of Warring States history, the Western Han Dynasty.
10. An example of a famous sentence in an ancient poem:
The word "green" in Wang Anshi's Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan
The Word "Noisy" in Song Qi's Red Apricot Branches in Spring
Jia Dao "Birds inhabit the trees by the pool, and monks knock on the door." The word "knock" in Chinese is to examine the source of allusions.
1 1. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China. Editor of Confucius. * * * received 305 poems, which were called "three hundred poems" in ancient times. It consists of three parts: wind, elegance and praise. It is the beginning of China's realistic literature.
China's first romantic poetry collection "Songs of the South" is also the second poetry collection in ancient China. It was collected by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty. There are mainly the works of the great patriotic poet and the first romantic poet in China-Qu Yuan, Song Yu and others. Qu Yuan was a native of Chu during the Warring States Period. His representative works include Li Sao, Tian Wen, Nine Songs and Nine Chapters. Zongzi is eaten on Dragon Boat Festival to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.
The Book of Songs and Songs of the South are also called coquettish. Coquettish is the source of realism and romanticism in the history of China's poetry.
12. Chunqiu is the first chronological history book in China.
Hanshu, the first dynastic history of China.
The Analects of Confucius is the first book with recorded style in China. One of the Confucian classics. Edited by Confucius disciples, it recorded the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples.
Sima Qian's Historical Records: A General History of China's First Biography. It is praised by historians as a masterpiece of "true record and belief in history".
Mr. Lu Xun praised Historical Records as "the swan song of historians, leaving Sao without rhyme" and highly summarized the great achievements of Historical Records in the fields of history and literature.
Sun Wu's The Art of War is China's first military work.
Shuowen Jiezi is the first dictionary in China.
The Tibetan narrative poem Biography of King Gesar is the longest epic in China.
Lu Xun's Diary of a Madman is China's first vernacular novel. Lu Xun's representative works include The True Story of Ah Q, Novels, Scream, Hesitation, Prose Collection and Flowers in the Morning.
Guo Moruo's Goddess: China's First New Poetry Collection.
13. France-Versailles Britain-Buckingham Palace Russia-Kremlin China-Forbidden City
14. Four folklores: Cowherd and Weaver Girl, Meng Jiangnv Crying for the Great Wall, Butterfly Lovers and Legend of the White Snake.
15. Zhu, a famous philosopher in the Southern Song Dynasty, called the Four Books and the Five Classics as ancient Confucian classics, which became a must-read for China scholars.
"Four Books" refer to: The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius.
The "Five Classics" refer to: Poetry, Calligraphy, Ceremony, Book of Changes, Spring and Autumn Period.
16. "Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty" was edited by Sun Zhu, the real name of Tuishi, and his wife Xu, and * * * selected 3 poems10. There is a folk saying that "you can read 300 Tang poems by heart, and you can sing even if you can't write".
17. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a hundred schools of thought contended. The representative figures are Confucius and Mencius of Confucianism, Laozi and Zhuangzi of Taoism and Han Feizi of Legalism.
18. The name of our national anthem is march of the volunteers, written by Tian Han and composed by Nie Er.
19. The word "bosom friend" comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi during the Warring States Period.
20. Confucius said: "I am determined to learn five out of ten, stand up at thirty, not be confused at forty, know my destiny at fifty, listen to my ears at sixty, and do what I want at seventy, without exceeding the rules."
However, Li (30) is not confused (40) knows the destiny (50), flowers (60) are ancient and rare (70) are very old (80-90) and alive (100).
2 1. "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" refers to Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in Tang Dynasty and Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi in Song Dynasty.
The statement of "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" originated from a book "Notes of Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" edited by Mao Kun in Ming Dynasty.
22. Su Shi said: "Poetry is about, the text is about Korean retreat, the text is about Yan, and the painting is about Wu Daozhi, which can be used in ancient and modern times." ("Zi Mei's poems, closed-door articles and Lu Gong's books are all great achievements." )
Su Shi spoke highly of Du Fu's poems, Han Yu's prose, Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy and Wu Daozi's paintings.
Su Shi, whose name is Zhan, is Dongpo Jushi. He is a rare all-rounder, and his poems, words, essays, books and paintings are all superb. Create a school of bold and unconstrained ci.
The Olympic slogan is "Faster, Higher and Stronger". The 29th Olympic Games will be held in 2008 with the slogan "One World, One Dream" and the mascot "Fuwa".
24. The "Three Caos" in the Three Kingdoms Period refer to Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi. Representative writers who embody the characteristics of "Jian 'an Style".
"Three Sus" in Northern Song Dynasty refers to Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe.
The third category: Han Dynasty historians and politicians Ban Gu, Ban Chao and Ban Zhao. Among them, Ban Zhao is the first female historian in China.
The "two kings" in the history of calligraphy refer to Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi.