Sanya is located at the southernmost tip of Hainan Island, with north latitude1809' 34 ",east longitude1837' 27" and east longitude10856' 30 "-10940". Lingshui County in the east, Baoting County in the north, Biledong County in the west and Nanhai in the south. Urban area 19 19.58 square kilometers, of which the planned urban area is 37 square kilometers. It is 9 1.6 km long from east to west and 5 1 km wide from north to south. The whole territory is bordered by mountains in the north and the sea in the south, and the terrain gradually inclines from north to south.
Inclined, forming a long and narrow polygon. China's coastline is 209. 1 km, and there are 9 large and small harbors 19. The main ports are Sanya Port, Yulin Port, Nanshan Port, Tielu Port and Liudao Port.
The main bays are Sanya Bay, Haitang Bay, Yalong Bay, Yazhou Bay, Dadong Bay and Moon Bay. There are 40 large and small islands, and the main island is 10. The larger one is Xixia Island 2. 12 square kilometers and Wuqizhou Island 1.05 square kilometers.
Sanya has a unique geographical advantage in international economic relations. From Sanya to the east via the Philippines to the western Pacific, to the south via Australia to the south Pacific, to the southwest via Indo-China Peninsula to the Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, about 900 kilometers away from Guangzhou, it is the real south gate of the motherland. Sanya is also the rear base for protecting the South China Sea Islands, and its strategic position is of great significance in national defense.
Sanya, known as Yazhou in ancient times, has a long history. 1In March, 992, archaeologists discovered the site of Sanya people 10,000 years ago in Robbie Cave, which advanced the human history of Hainan by two to three thousand years. It is the earliest known human settlement in Hainan Island and the southernmost site of Paleolithic culture in China. Ancient Persian tombs have also been found along the coast. Yazhou was one of the three southern counties established as early as Qin Shihuang. Zhu Ya County was established in Yacheng Town, Sanya City in the Han Dynasty, Linzhen County in the Sui Dynasty and Zhou Zhen in the Tang Dynasty. Song Dynasty became the southernmost prefecture-level county in China. Sanya has been called "the ends of the earth" since ancient times because it is far away from the imperial capital and hangs alone overseas. Jian Zhen, a famous monk and prime minister in the Tang Dynasty, Zhao Ding, Hu Quan, a famous minister in the Song Dynasty, and Huang Daopo, a textile worker, visited Yazhou successively, making important contributions to the economic and cultural exchanges and development in this region.
In A.D. 19 12, Yazhou was changed to Yaxian. 1950 in April, Ya County was liberated and the county people's government was established. In mid-June 1954, the county party committee and government and directly under the authority moved from Yacheng to Sanya. 1958 merged with Baoting, Lingshui and Wanning Xinglong Niulou to form Yaxian County (big county), 1959, 196 1 separated Baoting and Lingshui counties. Yaxian county reserves its jurisdiction. 1984 May19 With the approval of the State Council, Yaxian County was abolished and Sanya City (county level) was established. 1On September 26th, 987, the State Council approved Sanya to be upgraded to a prefecture-level city. On February 30th of the same year, 65438+ Sanya prefecture-level city was formally established and listed for office.
Sanya's administrative system consists of municipal government, township government and villagers' committee. The city has jurisdiction over two administrative districts (Hedong and Hexi administrative districts) and five towns (Haitang Bay, Tiandu, Fenghuang, Tianya and Yacheng). In addition, it also governs five state-owned farms: Nantian, Nanxin, Nandao, Cai Li and Nanbin.
Sanya is a place where more than 20 ethnic groups, including Han, Li, Miao and Hui, live together. 1by the end of 998, the total population of the city (permanent population) was 463,700 (urban population137,000); Among them, Li178,000, Miao 2907 and Hui 6024. The languages are Mandarin, Hainan dialect, military dialect, Mai dialect, Li dialect, Cantonese, Danzhou dialect and Cantonese.
Sanya's urban environment is extremely unique, with three natural beauties of mountains, sea and river concentrated in one place, which constitutes Sanya's unique natural landscape. The urban area is surrounded by mountains on three sides, with Baopoling in the north, Dahualing, Hubaoling and Gaoling (Gouling) at an altitude of 393 meters in the east, and Nanbianling in the south, forming an encircling trend, with undulating mountains and distinct levels; At the same time, the extension of the mountains divides the urban area into several spaces surrounded by green mountains, providing different spatial landscape environments for different areas of the city. Looking back at the sea, the mountains are like green barriers, reflecting the charm of Sanya. Many hills also provide commanding heights overlooking the sea, river bends and urban landscapes. Sanya faces the South China Sea, and there are many bays, each with its own beautiful scenery. Dadonghai, Xiaodonghai and Sanya Bay, which are located in urban areas, have the closest relationship with citizens' lives. The east and west islands on the sea seem to be a door facing the South China Sea, adding a sense of hierarchy to the wide sea surface. The sea fog floats by, and the two islands are hidden among them, adding a bit of mystery; Walking on the beach, you can vaguely see the deer as a symbol of Sanya city. There are two rivers in Sanya, the east and the west, which cross the South China Sea and meet in the island. The natural coastline is tortuous and changeable, the upstream water network criss-crosses, and the mangroves on both sides naturally grow, with beautiful scenery and full of vitality. Sanya is located in such a beautiful natural environment characterized by mountains, seas and rivers.