In the 5,000-year history of calligraphy, there are five main calligraphy styles: seal script (large and small seal script), official script, official script, running script and cursive script. Lishu is a calligraphy style with the longest time span in the history of calligraphy, which originated from the people and spread widely among them.
Above the official script is the seal script, which was born out of it. Therefore, experienced calligraphers say that practicing official script requires practicing seal script. In the long process of evolution from seal script to official script, unknown folk calligraphers simplified it and turned it into a square. Lishu originated in the Qin dynasty and is called "Lishu" in the history of books. Qin Li? Yes According to legend, Qin Li was founded by a junior official named Cheng Miao.
Li Qin has the flavor of seal script, and there is no wild goose tail wave. From the death of the Qin Dynasty, the rise of the Western Han Dynasty to the evolution of the Eastern Han Dynasty for hundreds of years, the official script tends to be perfect. It is characterized by the emergence of silkworm head and goose tail, which is more rigorous and unique in style. Compared with many decorative lines in Han Li, some old calligraphers prefer them? Nature makes nature? Qin Li.
Han Lize, on the other hand, is different from the officials of the Qin Dynasty. His brushwork is left and right, and he takes a horizontal trend, which is quite different from the cursive script in the future. The shape is flat, and every word has a flying state. The knot is tight, the back is clear, and the beauty of change is extremely beautiful; Draw a circle in a square with a pen, or draw a square in a circle, which is rich and three-dimensional.
One of the official documents is that the palace is tightened, stretched on all sides, with radial lines and beautiful and elegant shapes. For example, Cao Quanbei with delicate brushwork is usually only used for? A minute and a half? Only use two or two and a half pens when the main pen appears.
There are basically four brushstrokes in official script. Never? Eight characters and so on. , should be relatively simple). One is flat painting, which looks like jade chopsticks. The two ends are slightly square, and the front and back are round; The second is wave painting: the silkworm head and goose tail are graceful. This is also the basic feature of ancient official script; The third is folding painting: that is, two strokes are connected, but a new stroke must be made when writing continuously; The fourth type is a brush pen: it sweeps out to the lower left, corresponding to the stretching at the lower right.
Lishu attaches great importance to the beauty of modeling, such as the law that all literati know: silkworms don't meet and geese don't fly together. In a word, all the main horizontal strokes can be made of silkworm heads and goose tails, and other horizontal paintings can be written as flat paintings, which plays a role in supporting the moon.
Cao Quanbei is a famous official script inscription in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which is famous for its beautiful style and neat structure. Because of its outstanding artistry, this tablet is unique among Han tablets, full of spirits and incomparable beauty, so it has been praised by calligraphers of all ages and is regarded as a masterpiece; what's up If she just turned her head and smiled, there would be a hundred spells to cast? Country.
Calligraphy is the most concentrated embodiment of aesthetics in an era. Calligraphy is not only a skill, but also an aesthetic. Look at the beauty of lines, the beauty between dots and pens, and the beauty of blanks. When you enter the pure aesthetic intoxication, the artistry of calligraphy will be revealed. The beauty of Han Li's horizontal official script? Waves and cornices, built in? Bo Wei? The melodious flow of a line is like the most important aesthetic impression of China national architecture with cornices. There is a proper noun in the history of calligraphy? Bo Wei? It is used to describe the flying rhythm of the horizontal line of Lishu and the aesthetics of the pen tail.
The era symbol of visual aesthetics in Han Dynasty is the official script of Han Dynasty, which obviously develops the importance of horizontal lines. Chinese characters in seal script? Break the circle into squares? What are the two most important factors in the formation of square Chinese characters after becoming an official script? Horizontal flat? With what? Vertical? . On the bamboo slips, is it horizontal? Obviously more vertical than ...? .
Judging from the strokes on Han bamboo slips unearthed in Juyan and Dunhuang, the horizontal line is sometimes twice or three times that of the vertical line. ? Vertical? Lines are often difficult to express because the nib is disturbed by fibers. So, what's in the official script of Han bamboo slips? Vertical? Lines are often deliberately written in a curved state to avoid damaging the longitudinal fibers of bamboo slips.
The brush and bamboo slips found an interactive relationship and established the unique aesthetic style of official script in Han Dynasty.
The official script of Han dynasty not only established the importance of horizontal line, but also began to decorate and beautify this horizontal line, forming? Bo Wei? This is a unique symbol of the times in the visual aesthetics of Han Dynasty.
? Bo Wei? Like the buildings in China? Cornice architects call it. A concave curved roof? . Using the rising bucket arch, the end of the house will be lengthened and tilted, just like the wings of birds flying, forming the unique cornice beauty of oriental architecture.
Architectural scholars textual research on the formation of Han Dynasty from ruins? A concave curved roof? The era of. So, the level of Chinese characters in official script? Bo Wei? Also emphasize horizontal flight in architecture? Cornice? , is the aesthetic characteristics of the times completed at the same time.
The wooden cornice buildings in the Han Dynasty have influenced the vast East Asia, and the eaves of traditional buildings in Japan, South Korea, Vietnam and Thailand can be observed to fly up and tilt to varying degrees.
Under the influence of calligraphy aesthetics in the Han dynasty, buildings arched under the eaves for two thousand years. The horizontal eaves stretched, and the tail ends rose slightly, just like calligraphers in the Han dynasty, the brush in their hands gently passed through a bamboo fiber obstacle to complete a beautiful checkpoint? Bo Wei? .
Does the tradition of horizontal movement in oriental aesthetics lie in official script? Bo Wei? , architecture? Cornice? , drama? Cloud hand? And then what? Running a circus? Evidence of * * * can be found in women's clothing in the Han Dynasty.
Calligraphy aesthetics is not necessarily only related to painting, but may be better understood from architecture, drama and clothing.
Is it in the Book of Songs? As a temple wing? Yes, it describes a huge building with a flying house, just like a bird's wings can fly, and that kind of aesthetic impression already exists in the literary description.
Nowadays, in the Horyuji ancient buildings in Nara or the Forbidden City buildings in Beijing, there are heavy cornices, such as undulating waves and birds spreading their wings, which are parallel to the horizon and slightly yearning for the sky. This row of cornices often reminds people of the beauty of Han bamboo slips? Bo Wei? . Xi anbeilin? Cao Quanbei? , level? Bo Wei? The horizontal echo between words also reminds people of the cornices of ancient buildings.
In short, the official script left behind is not only a writing form, but also its elegant beauty, the charm and cultural connotation of the ancient Han Dynasty, the diligence and wisdom of the Chinese nation, and the humanistic spirit of that era. Today, we should study the inheritance of this Millennium, and we should also taste the inspiration from the creative spirit of that era. ;