The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang came, peonies have been loved all over the world. Love the lotus flower alone, never touch the mud, clear but not demon, straight and not crawling outside, the fragrance is far from clear and graceful, and it is not ridiculous from a distance.
Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is rarely heard after Tao. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages!
Liu Yuxi, Humble Room Inscription
The mountain is not high, and the fairy is famous. The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. I am a humble room, but I am virtuous. The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green. There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university. You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian. There is no confusion, and there is no complicated form. Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu. Kong Ziyun: What's wrong? Ailian said.
The flowers of land and water vegetation are very lovely: Tao Jinyuan loves chrysanthemums alone,
Since Li Tang came, peonies have been loved all over the world. But I only love lotus, which grows in the soil but is not polluted.
Zhuo Qing Lian is not a demon; Straight through the outside, not loose; The fragrance is far away and clear,
Graceful and pure, you can look at it from a distance without playing.
Say: chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth.
; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is rarely heard after Tao. lotus
Love, who is the giver? Peony love is suitable for all ages!
Ailian said (translation)
All kinds of flowers and trees in the water and on the land are lovely. Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty only loved chrysanthemums. Since the Tang Dynasty, people all over the world like peony. I only like lotus, which grows out of mud and is not polluted, but it doesn't look enchanting after being washed with clear water. Lotus petiole is hollow in the middle, straight outside, unconnected and unbranched, and the fragrance spreads farther and farther, which makes it more delicate. Standing there straight, you can only look at it from a distance, but you can't play close.
In my opinion, chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers; Peony is a rich person in flowers; Lotus is a gentleman among flowers. Ah! Tao Yuanming rarely heard about the love of chrysanthemums; Who else likes lotus as much as I do? Of course, there is a lot of love for peony. Mountains don't have to be high, and immortals can be famous all over the world. The water doesn't have to be deep. A dragon (alive) can bring good luck. This is a humble house, but the owner has good character. Moss covered the steps with a green carpet, and the grass reflected the curtains in blue. Talking and laughing are all profound scholars, not shallow people. You can play simple guqin and browse precious Buddhist scriptures. No (noisy) music disturbs your ears, and no official documents make you physically and mentally exhausted. Zhuge Liang's Nanyang Caotang and Yang Ziyun's Xuanting in West Shu. Confucius said: (although it is a humble room, as long as a gentleman lives in it), what is a humble room?
2. There are five meaningful small ancient prose texts, translated as 1, and the date of publication. It is inconvenient for thousands of people in Qian Qian in Qin and Min countries to publish them newly. So the prince broke the law. Wei Yang said: "If the law doesn't work, you should commit it from above. Prince, your heir is not allowed to be punished. Punish his son Fu Gongzi and punish his teacher Gong Sunjia. "
Tomorrow, Qin people are eager for order. After ten years of travel, the state of Qin did not pick up the remains, there were no thieves in the mountains, and the people were brave in public war and afraid of private war. If it's inconvenient for Qin Min at first, it's convenient to come. Wei Yang said: "This is a man who violates the law!" Move to the edge. Later, people were afraid to discuss order. (Selected from Biography of Historical Records and Shang Jun)
The decree of Shang Yang's political reform has been prepared, but it has not been announced yet. He was afraid that the people would not believe him, so he erected a 30-foot-high wood at the south gate of Guodu Fair, recruited people who could move the wood to the north gate, and rewarded twelve taels of silver. The people were surprised by this and dared not move. He also said, "Anyone who can move wood will be rewarded with fifty taels of silver." A man who moved wood gave him fifty taels of silver to show that he didn't cheat (the people). Finally, the law was promulgated.
2. Tao Gong keeps the house diligently. When I was in Jingzhou, the ship officer recorded sawdust, not limited to how much. Salty doesn't understand this meaning. The snow will clear up after the meeting, and it will still be wet after snow removal in advance. It is harmless to cover it with sawdust.
The official use of bamboo has made the records thick and piled up like mountains. After Huan Xuan attacked Shu by force, he transported it and learned to nail it. There is another cloud, where it is still enough to taste a penny. It is used by super second order.
Tao Kan was an official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He is not only honest, but also cherishes his property. Once, when he was cruising in the suburbs, he saw a man with a bunch of immature ears of wheat in his hand. Tao Kan went over and asked, "What do you want with these unripe wheat?" The man said casually, "I looked at the green wheat. It looked good and I picked it." Tao Kan couldn't help but be furious: "You don't cultivate one's morality, but you also destroy other people's crops at will. You shouldn't be punished!" Say, let those people beat him up. When the local people knew this, they all felt that Tao Kan really cared about crops and respected farmers' labor, so they worked harder.
Tao Kan also attaches great importance to economy at ordinary times. On one occasion, * * * shipbuilding, leaving a lot of bamboo sawdust, no matter others, only Tao Kan let people put these things away. Later, there was a heavy snow during the Spring Festival, and the yard was very muddy. At this time, Tao Kan asked people to take out the sawdust and spread it in the yard, which made it much more convenient for people to walk. On another occasion, the imperial court made warships, and the workers cut the originally collected bamboo heads into bamboo nails, saving a batch of raw materials.
Premier Zhang wrote a good book, but it was useless. The younger generation at that time laughed at it. The Prime Minister was relieved. One day, he got a sentence and asked for a pen to write a book. The paper was full of dragons and snakes. He had my nephew record it. When the waves were dangerous, my nephew stopped. When he was holding the book, he asked, "What is this word?" The prime minister has long been familiar with it, but he doesn't know it. He scolded his nephew and said, "If you hadn't asked earlier, I would have forgotten."
Prime Minister Zhang likes to write cursive script (cursive script), but he is very scribbled. People laughed at him, but he didn't think so. Once, he suddenly got a good sentence and asked for a pen and ink. His handwriting was scrawled and covered with paper. He immediately asked his nephew to copy the poem. My nephew copied a strange pen and was puzzled. He stopped writing and asked the Prime Minister what Zhang was reading. After careful identification for a long time, Prime Minister Zhang didn't recognize what he wrote, so he scolded his nephew and said, "Why didn't you ask me earlier and let me forget what I wrote?"
There were old people in Han dynasty, and their families were rich and childless. Eat rotten clothes and vegetables, invade the morning, invade the night to rest, run a business, gather money, and dare not use it for personal use. Or people beg beggars from it, but they have to go in and withdraw money. Come out of the hall and walk step by step. Compared with the outside, I am only half, close my eyes and give it to the beggar. Xunfu told the cloud, "I have lost everything to support your husband. Be careful not to let him say that I was unified."
The old man died in Russia, and there was no official in the farm house, and the goods were filled in the hall.
There was an old man in the Han Dynasty who had no son. The family is rich, but he is frugal and stingy, and his food and clothes are simple and economical. He gets up before dawn every day and doesn't go to bed until midnight. He carefully manages his own industry, never satisfied with saving money and reluctant to spend it. If someone asks him and he can't refuse, he will go home and get ten pence, and then go out, reducing the money he is going to give away while walking, and only half will be left when he goes out. He closed his eyes painfully and handed the money to the beggar. Repeatedly told: "I gave you all the money at home, so don't tell anyone." Even beggars follow suit and ask me for money. "The old man died soon. His land and house were confiscated by the government and his money was turned over to the state treasury.
5. Chu people have spears and shields, praising: "My shield is strong and can't sink." He praised his spear and said, "The benefits of my spear are all trapped in things." Or, "What about a child's spear and a child's shield?" ? "The man, can also. Invincible shields and invincible spears cannot coexist.
A man selling spears and shields in Chu praised his shield and said, "My shield is so strong that nothing can penetrate it." He also showed off his spear and said, "My spear is very sharp and can penetrate anything." Someone asked, "How about poking your shield with your spear?" That man can't answer.
3. Short essays in classical Chinese (50-60 words) above 15 are urgently needed, as well as their translation and enlightenment. Cao Chong said that Cao Chongsheng was five or six years old, and he had the wisdom of an adult.
At that time, Sun Quan once gave birth to a giant elephant, and Mao wanted to know its weight. It is impossible to be reasonable under the group he visited. Chong said, "Statues and water marks are carved on the ship.
If you weigh things to carry them, you can learn from them. "Mao yue, that is, how to implement it.
When Cao Cao's son Cao Chong was five or six years old, his knowledge and judgment were comparable to that of an adult. On one occasion, Sun Quan sent a giant elephant. Cao Cao wanted to know the quality of the elephant, so he asked his subordinates, but he couldn't say how to weigh it.
Cao Chong said: "Put the elephant on the big boat, mark where it reaches the surface of the water, and then let the boat carry other things, so you can know by comparison." Cao Cao was very happy and did it at once.
1, Wen Zhiming Xi Zi Lin Shu Chronicle The original Wen Zhiming wrote Qian Wen Zi, with ten books a day as the rate, and the books made great progress. I have lived in books all my life, and I have never hesitated, or simply answered people, and I have never taken pains again and again, so the older I get, the more subtle I am.
Wen Zhiming wrote Wenziwen, with ten books written every day as the standard, and his calligraphy made rapid progress. He has never been careless in writing all his life.
Sometimes answering people's letters is a bit incomplete. I must have rewritten it three times and five times, not afraid of trouble. Therefore, the older he is, the more exquisite and beautiful his calligraphy becomes.
2. Xue Tanxue copied the original text. Xue Tanxue copied it in Qin Qing. He said that he was out of skills. Make a short stop in Fuzhi, farewell dinner in the suburb of Qu, fondle elegy, and make a deafening noise.
Tan Xue is shooting the other side. He never dares to answer his words all his life. Xue Tan learned to sing with Qin Qing, but he didn't finish learning Qin Qing's skills. He thought he had finished learning and left for home.
Qin Qing did not dissuade him, but gave him a farewell dinner on the roadside outside the city. Qin Qing patted the festival and sang an elegy. The song shook the trees and the sound stopped the clouds.
Tan Xue then apologized to Qin Qing and asked to come back to continue his studies. From then on, he never dared to say that he wanted to go home.
Fan Zhongyan is interested in the world. Fan Zhongyan is two years old, lonely, poor and helpless. I have little ambition, and I take the world as my responsibility every time. I either study hard or stay out at night and need to face the water. No food, just read with porridge.
As an official, every passionate talk about what's going on in the world is desperate. Even after being slandered, Dengzhou was protected by the government.
Zhong Yan is hardworking, self-motivated and doesn't care about meat. His wife can only support herself. I often say to myself: "A scholar worries about the world first, and then enjoys the world."
Fan Zhongyan lost his father at the age of two, and his family was poor and helpless. When he was young, he was ambitious and often washed his face with cold water.
I often can't even eat rice, so I eat porridge and insist on reading. After he became an official, he often talked about world events and risked his life.
So that some people were demoted for saying bad things, and they were demoted to Dengzhou secretariat by participating in government affairs. Fan Zhongyan tempered himself badly, eating little meat, and his wife and children only took care of themselves.
He often recites two sentences in his works: "Scholars worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world." 4. sima guang studious's "Records of the Words and Actions of Famous Officials in the Three Dynasties" The original Sima Wengong was young, suffering from memory and asking if he was not a human being. He lived in groups and gave lectures, and all the brothers were singers and rested; You can recite it twice if you are alone.
Those who work harder will go further, and what they recite will be unforgettable for life. Wen Gong once said: "You can't recite a book, or recite its words and think about its meaning at once, or you can get more when you don't sleep in the middle of the night."
When Sima Guang was a child, he was worried that his ability to recite poetry books was not as good as others. Everyone studied and discussed together, and the other brothers had already finished reciting, so they went to play and have a rest; (Sima Guang) A person studies hard, concentrating and studying hard as Dong Zhongshu and Confucius did when they were studying, until they can recite skillfully. There is more energy in reading now, and the gains will be long-term. The books he intensively reads and recites will be unforgettable for life.
Sima Guang once said: "You can't read without reciting. When you are riding and walking, when you can't sleep in the middle of the night, recite the article you have read and think about its meaning, and you will gain more! " 5. Ouyang Xiu studied the original text of "Ouyang Gong Deeds". Ouyang Gong was lonely at the age of four, with a poor family and no assets. Mrs. Tai draws the ground with a shovel and teaches it with calligraphy.
Recite many ancient chapters. And it's a little longer, and there are no books to read at home, so I borrowed them from scholars or copied them.
Even forget to eat and sleep, but reading is a service. Poetry and prose written since childhood, to adulthood.
Mr. Ouyang Xiu's father died when he was four years old. His family is poor and has no money to study. The wife wrote on the beach with a reed pole and taught him to write.
And taught him to read many ancient chapters. When I am old and have no books to read at home, I go to a nearby reader's house to borrow books, and sometimes I copy them.
In this way, day and night, sleepless, just concentrate on reading. Poems and essays written since childhood are written at the level of adults, so high.
6, Wang Mian monk temple night reading "Selected Works of Song and Shi Xue" original Wang Mian, Zhuji people. When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered Niu to go to school and sneak into the school to listen to the students' endorsements; Listen to yourself and learn from your memory.
At dusk, I forgot my cow, and my father angered me. As good as ever.
Mother said, "My son is so stupid that he doesn't listen to anything?" Because the crown is gone, I live by the monk temple. At night, I dive out and sit on the Buddha's lap. I will read with an ever-burning lamp.
Buddha statues are full of clay figures, which are hideous and outrageous; Guaner, if you don't know. Wang Mian is from Zhuji County.
When he was seven or eight years old, his father told him to herd cattle on the ridge, and he sneaked into the school to listen to the students. After listening, I always remember it silently.
When he came home at night, he forgot all the cows he was grazing. Wang Mian's father was furious and gave Wang Mian a good beating.
After that, he was still like this. His mother said, "The child is so obsessed with reading, why not let him?" Wang Mian left home and stayed in a temple.
At night, he sneaked out and sat on the Buddha's lap, holding a book in his hand. By the light of the ever-burning lamp in front of the Buddha, the sound of reading was read until dawn. Most of the Buddha statues are clay sculptures, all of which are ferocious and frightening.
Child as Wang Mian is, he doesn't seem to see it. 7. Zhang Wuwei assiduously studied the original text of He Lu, Zhang Wuwei's Hengpu and Xiebao Temple.
There is a short window in his bedroom. He holds a book under the window every day and sees it clearly. If so, fourteen years.
Back to the north, under the window and on the stone, the trace of the double coffin was hidden and still exists today.
4. Classical Chinese after class in junior high school, 60 words, original text+translation+enlightenment should be used in 165438+ 10/5 (15 people think this article is not bad. Special sentence patterns: Listen to murder. (ellipsis, ellipsis "Li Li") should be taken into custody and die. The word (prepositional object) is ambiguous: Li (prison officer) should be (convicted) too much (wrong) to listen to doubt (listen: examine). Generic word: symbol (same as "attached", meaning transmission) original \ x 100 \ x65438. If you receive more money, you won't share the benefits with the lower classes. If you listen to murder now, you will be accused of being an official, but you won't hear about it. "Wen Gong said," My son thinks he is guilty, and so am I? "Li Li said," there is reason and law. If you lose your sentence, you should be punished. If you lose your life, you should die. If you listen to my doubt, you should take it as a reason. If you listen to murder now, you will die. "So, you didn't obey orders and died by the sword. \x 100\x 100 translation \ x 100 \. Li Li said: "I am an official, not giving way to lower-level officials;" "I enjoyed a lot of salary and didn't share the benefits equally with my subordinates. Now I have misunderstood the report of my subordinates and sentenced people to death, but I have never heard of it. " He refused to accept the order, and Jin Wengong said, "If you think you are guilty, am I guilty?" Li Li said: "If a prison officer abides by the law, he should sentence himself to death. If he wrongly sentences a person to death, he should be sentenced to death. You made me a prison officer because I can examine obscure cases and try difficult cases. Now, I have listened to the report of a lower-level official by mistake and sentenced someone to death, which is a terrible sin. " So he still disobeyed orders and drew his sword and committed suicide. The revelation is that he defended the dignity of the law, but was wrongly sentenced.
5. It is better to appreciate Qiu Yi (excerpt) than to educate classical Chinese (short stories).
Original: Qiu Yi, a domestic excellent player. Let Qiu Yi teach two people to play chess, one to concentrate on playing chess, and Qiu Yi listens; Although one person thought it was a swan, he tried to shoot it with his bow. Although I learned chess from the previous one, chess is still not as good as the previous one. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the former? That's not true.
Qiu Yi is a chess master. If he is allowed to teach two people to play chess. A person absorbed, only listen to Qiu Yi. While listening, the other thought that a swan was coming, and he wanted to shoot it with a bow and arrow. In this way, even if he studies with others, his grades are certainly not as good as others. Is it because he is not as clever as others? Naturally, this is not the case.
Appreciation: Both students are famous teachers, but their skills are quite different. What is the reason? It's not the difference in intelligence, but the lack of specificity and kung fu. It can be seen that dedication can succeed.
After killing: his wife Mocheng, his son mourned it. His mother said, "If that woman gives it back, she will kill that woman." When his wife came back from the market, Ceng Zi wanted to catch a pig and kill it. His wife stopped him at once and said, "I'm just joking with my son." Ceng Zi said, "Babies have nothing to do with play. Babies must be wise, treat their parents and scholars, and listen to their parents' teaching. Today's son deceives him, and his godson deceives him. The mother deceived her son, and the son became a teacher when he didn't believe in his mother. " So Ceng Zi cooked the pig for the baby.
Ceng Zi's wife went to the market, and her son cried and clamored to follow. His mother said to him, "Go home first, and I'll come back later to kill the pig for you." No sooner had she returned from the fair than Ceng Zi was going to catch pigs and kill them. She stopped saying, "It's just a joke with the children." Ceng Zi said, "Son, you can't joke with him! Children have no ability to think and judge, so they should learn from their parents and follow their correct instructions. Now you lie to him, you are teaching your child to cheat! When the mother cheated her son, the son no longer trusted her. This is not the way to achieve education. " So Ceng Zi killed the pig and gave it to the children, cook the meat.
Appreciation: It is very important for parents to set an example to educate their children.
6. Looking for meaningful China classical foxes fake tigers Wei Yuan: The tiger looked for all kinds of animals and ate them, and it got the fox.
The fox said, "I dare not eat me!" It's against God's will to let me grow all kinds of animals to eat me now. My son thinks I don't believe him. I am my son first, and my son follows me. After seeing all the animals see me, I dare not leave. "
The tiger thought it was the same and followed. The beast saw it and left.
Tigers don't know that wild animals are afraid of themselves, but they think they are afraid of foxes. The tiger looked for all kinds of wild animals to eat them and caught a fox.
The fox said, "You dare not eat me! God sent me to be the leader of all kinds of wild animals, and now you have eaten me, which is against God's command. Do you think my words are dishonest? I walk in front of you, you follow me, see all kinds of wild animals, and see if I dare to run? " The tiger thought (what the fox said) was reasonable and followed.
The beast saw them all run away. The tiger didn't know that the wild animals were afraid of themselves and ran away. They think they are afraid of foxes.
An image metaphor is to intimidate people.