The main reason for ink smearing is ink. Insufficient gelatin of ink is the direct cause of ink smearing during mounting.
Good calligraphy works should be written with freshly ground ink. Such ink has sufficient glue and will not run when mounted. If you write directly with commercially available bottled ink, no matter how good the brand is, there is a risk of ink leaking. The worse the quality, the more serious the ink leaking. In addition, some people use local ink when writing, and ink will leak when mounting.
If it has already run away, then leave it alone, there is no way to restore it.
In order to avoid ink running when mounting, authentic mounting masters usually stack the calligraphy and painting before mounting and steam them in a pot for 5 minutes. After steaming, the ink will become stronger and avoid running. Ink problem.