Annotation and Translation of Su Shi's Zongshen Shu

In the past, due to the exhaustion of financial resources, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted the method of businessman Sang Hongyang, buying goods at low prices and selling them at high prices, which was called lose-lose. At that time, merchants stopped selling, and thieves became more rampant, which almost led to chaos. After Xiao Zhao ascended the throne, Huo Guang complied with the people's will and cancelled the law of mutual loss, and the world returned to its heart without any trouble. Unexpectedly, this theory of Sang Hongyang has risen again today.

At the beginning of legislation, a lot of money has been spent. Even if there is a little profit, the business tax that can be levied will inevitably suffer a lot. For example, someone drives cattle for his master and trades one cow for five sheep.

If you lose a cow, you hide it; Get five sheep, but it means credit. What's the difference between destroying Changping Law and saying that Young Crop Law has made great contributions, harmed business tax and gained the benefits of both sides? I think this is wrong.

People who talk about it will definitely say, "People like to see success, but it is difficult to start." Therefore, your majesty insists on this practice regardless of public opinion and must carry it out. This is the saying that those insatiable people in the Warring States period took risks and succeeded by luck. Before things succeeded, resentment had already risen. That's why I hope your majesty will maintain the people's hearts.

The reason for the existence of a country lies in the depth of morality, not in strength; The reason for the length of dynasties lies in the thickness of customs, not in the rich and the poor. If the monarch knew this, he would know the seriousness of the matter. Therefore, I hope that your majesty will advocate morality, change customs and habits, and don't rush for success and covet wealth. Cherish customs, just like protecting vitality.

It's not that saints don't know that harsh laws can make people Qi Xin, brave and tough people can accomplish things, honest and kind people are too pedantic, and mature people seem to be slow. But the reason why I have always refused to replace these people with those people is because I know that I will lose more if I say less. Renzong is extremely lenient in law enforcement, methodical in employing people, considerate of people's faults, and never easily changes old laws and regulations.

If you check your achievements, you can say that it may not be perfect. Take the use of soldiers as an example. We sent troops ten times and failed nine times. Take the national treasury as an example, it can only be spent, and there is no surplus. But in people's minds, custom is etiquette, and everyone knows it, so when he died, everyone in the world turned to be nice to him.

Seeing that most of the officials in his later years were stuck in the rut and didn't cheer up, the speaker wanted to correct them with harsh inspection, rectify them with wisdom and ability, and attract a new group of enterprising people in order to achieve all quick results. The benefits have not yet been received, and the custom of thinning has been formed. Suddenly, sales promotion opened many doors and brought unexpected benefits to people.

You can be a minister or servant in one small step, which makes it difficult for people who are promoted by routine to have expectations for life. Want to be honest, can you get it? In recent years, there are fewer and fewer simple people, and more and more people take advantage of them.

Please be merciful, take simplicity as the law of governing the country, take purity as the heart of governing the country, and take people's morality as integrity. I hope this is why your majesty is honest and clean.

Ancestors appointed censors and lecturers and never punished speakers. Even if there is a small punishment, it is quickly put on the shelf, so that they can hit whatever they hear, no matter what officials are involved. When it comes to the emperor, the emperor must listen seriously; Regarding the imperial court, the prime minister has to wait. Naturally, both the advising officer and the advising officer are not necessarily talented, and what they say is not necessarily right.

However, it is futile to empower them by cultivating their courage to speak boldly. Is to use them to eliminate the danger of treacherous court officials. Now that the laws and regulations are strict and the court is clear, there is no traitor.

But cats are raised to destroy mice, and cats that don't catch mice can't be raised just because there are no mice; Dogs are kept to prevent thieves. You can't have a barking dog just because there are no thieves.

Can your majesty be wary of future generations without thinking about the intention of ancestors to set up this house? I listened to the elders' comments, and they all said that what the suggestion officer said often followed the public opinion of the world. If it is discussed and approved by the public, the proposal officer also agrees; What was discussed and criticized by the public was also criticized by the suggestion officer. Now public opinion is boiling, and there are all kinds of resentment. We will know where to discuss it.

I'm afraid from now on, habit has become the norm, and everyone speaks for the ruling minister personally until the monarch is isolated and the law and order are abolished, and nothing will happen! That's why I hope your majesty will maintain law and order.

Extended data

Su Shi (1037 65438+ October 8th, Yi Shuo10361219-101August 24th). ?

In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi was a scholar. Song Shenzong worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to be the permanent assistant ambassador of Huangzhou because of Wutai poetry case.

After Song Zhezong acceded to the throne, he served as a bachelor of Hanlin, a bachelor of reading and a minister of rites, and was well known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In his later years, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou because of the ruling of the New Party. Song Huizong was granted amnesty and returned to the north, where he died. Song Gaozong posthumously awarded a surname, posthumous title "article".

Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. Vertical and horizontal text; Poetry has a wide range of themes, fresh and healthy, uses exaggerated metaphors and has a unique style. Also known as "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. Xin Qiji is the representative of the unconstrained style, also known as "Su Xin".

Prose writing is rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, and is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi's good book, one of Song Sijia; He is good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood.

His works include Seven Chapters of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu, Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Atlas, Ancient Wood and Strange Stone Atlas, etc.