The translation and original text of the three-character classics are as follows:
1. Original text.
beginning of life is good in nature. The same nature Varies on nurture. With no education, There'd be aberration. To teach well, You deeply dwell. Yesterday, Meng Mu, choose a neighbor. At Mencius sloth, She cut th' cloth. Dou Yanshan has a righteous side. Teaching five sons is famous. What's a father? A good teacher. What's a teacher? A strict preacher. It is not appropriate for a child not to learn. If you are young and don't learn, why bother? The finest diamond must be cut. Unless you learn, Brute you'll turn.
when you are a child, you have little time. Teacher or peer, Hold them dear. Xiang is nine years old and can warm the mat. Filial piety is more important than kinship. Aged four years, Rong proffered pears. Bear in mind Fraternally be kind. The first filial piety, the second experience. Know a certain number, know a certain article. One and ten, ten and a hundred. Hundreds and thousands, thousands and thousands. Three talents, heaven and earth. Tri-light, sun, moon and stars. Three cardinal principles, the monarch and the minister are righteous.
father and son are close, and husband and wife are harmonious. Spring and summer, autumn and winter. At these four o'clock, luck is not poor. North and South, West and East. This quartet should be in the middle. Fire and water, wood, gold and earth. These five elements depend on the number. Ten dry people, a to decyl. Twelve branches, the son to the sea. When you say the ecliptic, the sun shines. The equator, the right. Below the equator, it is extremely warm. I am Chinese, in the northeast.
cold and cold are even, but frost and dew change. Right plateau, left sea. Yue Jiang, yue Huai Ji. These four blasphemies are the discipline of water. Yue Daihua, Song Hengheng. The five mountains are the names of mountains. Ancient Kyushu, today's restructuring. Said the province, thirty-five.
it's called scholar agriculture, and it's called industry and commerce. These four people are good for the country. Benevolence, courtesy, wisdom and faith. The five permanent members should not be confused. The ground is born with vegetation. This plant is all over the land and water. There are insects, fish, birds and beasts. This animal can fly away. Rice, millet and millet. These six valleys are eaten by people. Horses, cattle and sheep, chickens and dogs. These six animals are fed by people. It is called anger and sorrow. Love evil desires, seven emotions. Green, red and yellow, and black and white.
these five colors are obvious to the eyes. Sour and bitter, and pungent and salty. These five flavors are contained in the mouth. The smell is burnt, and the smell is rotten. These five odors are smelled by the nose. Earth leather, wood, stone and gold. Silk and bamboo are eight tones. When it comes to peace, it means going in. These four tones should be coordinated. Great-grandfather, father and body. Body and son, son and grandson. From descendants to Xuanzeng. It is a family of nine, and it is a human relationship.
father and son, husband and wife from. A brother is a friend, and a brother is respectful. Long and young, friends and friends. The monarch is respectful and the minister is loyal. These ten meanings are shared by all people. When telling the truth, don't violate it. Chop zicui, big or small. To get rid of hemp, five clothes will end. Rites and music shoot, and the number of books is counted. The ancient six arts are not available today. Only calligraphy, people * * *.
be literate and speak and write. There are ancient prose, big seal script. Following the grass, you can't mess up. If you learn widely, you are afraid of its complexity. But in a nutshell, you can know the original. Every training should be paid attention to. Detailed exegesis, clear sentence reading. As a scholar, there must be a beginning. At the end of primary school, to four books. The Analects of Confucius, twenty articles. Group of disciples, remember good words. Mencius, seven articles only. Morality, benevolence and righteousness.
be moderate, and think carefully. It is not easy to be impartial. Being a university is Ceng Zi. Self-cultivation and self-cultivation. Filial piety is familiar, and four books are familiar. Such as six classics, can only be read. Poetry and calligraphy are easy, and the ceremony is spring and autumn. No.6 classics, when stress. There are mountains, and there is a return to Tibet. There are Zhouyi, three easy details. There are canons and instructions. There is an oath, and the book is the Austria. I, Duke Zhou, make a ceremony.
write six officials, save the body. Big and small, note the book of rites. Tell the holy words, be prepared with ceremony and music. It is called national wind, and it is called elegant praise. No.4 poems should be satirized. Poetry is dead, and it was written in the Spring and Autumn Period. Combine praise with criticism, not good and evil. The third passer has a ram. There are Zuo's and Gu Liang. When the classics are clear, you can read them. Summarize its essentials and remember its events. Five sons, Xun Yang.
Wen Zhongzi, and Lao Zhuang. Jing Zitong, read the history. Examination of lineage, knowing the end. From Xi Nong to the Yellow Emperor. No. san huang, ranking first in the world. Tang Youyu, the second emperor. It's a prosperous time to admire each other. Xia Youyu, Shang Youtang. Zhou Wenwu, known as the Three Kings. Xia Chuanzi, home to the world. In 4 years, we moved to Xiashe. Soup cuts summer, the country name merchant. Six hundred years, till death.
Zhou Wuwang, the first to punish. Eight hundred years, the longest. Zhou Zhedong, Wang Gang fell. Fight, but lobby. Beginning in the Spring and Autumn Period and ending in the Warring States Period. Five tyrants are strong, and seven males are out. Won the Qin family, and then merged. Pass on the second, Chu and Han contend. Gao Zuxing, Han Yejian. To filial piety, Wang Mang usurped. Guang Wu Xing, for the Eastern Han Dynasty. Four hundred years, finally.
Wei Shuwu is fighting for the Han Ding. Three kingdoms, up to the Jin dynasty. Song Qiji, Liang Chencheng. For the Southern Dynasties, Jinling was the capital. Northern Yuan Wei, divided things. Yu Wenzhou, and Gao Qi. Long to Sui, a land of space. No more communication, no unified thread. Tang Gaozu, uprising division. In addition to the Sui Dynasty rebellion, the foundation of the country was founded. Twenty stories, three hundred years. When the beam is destroyed, the country is changed. Liang Tangjin, and Han and Zhou Dynasties.
five generations, all for a reason. Yan Song Xing, Zhou Chan. Eighteen biographies, mixed north and south. Liao and Jin are both emperors. Yuan destroyed gold and lost the Song Dynasty. Wide map, ahead of the generation. In 9 years, the country was abolished. Taizu xing, the country is Daming. No. Hongwu, capital of Jinling. He became a ancestor and moved to Yanjing. Sixteenth, to Chongzhen. The right to control the boss, Kourulin. When Li rushes out, the artifact burns.
Qing shizu, pretending to be a king. Jing Sifang, Ke Dading. By Kang Yong, Li Ganjia. The people are safe and rich, and their achievements are praised. Between Daoxian and Xianxian, there was chaos. At the beginning of Britain and France, disturbance is contemptible. After the same light, Xuantong is weak. Pass on the nine emperors, and the Qing dynasty died. Revolution prospered and monarchy was abolished. Establish a constitution and a Republic of China. Ancient and modern history, all in this. If you manage chaos, you will know the rise and fall. Although history is complicated, it has been read several times.
historical records 1, hanshu 2. After the Han dynasty, the national records were four. Syndrome and classics, reference as a mirror. For those who read history, take an examination of the record. Pass through the past and present, if you are close to your eyes. Recite with your mouth, but only with your heart. In the future, in the evening. Yesterday, Zhong Ni studied under Xiang Tuo. Ancient sages are diligent in learning. Zhao Zhongling, read Lu Lun. He is an official and diligent in learning. Weave with pu and cut bamboo slips. He has no books and knows how to encourage.
head hanging beam, awl thorn strand. Not pushed, they Kept working away. Like a firefly, like snow. Although the family is poor, they never stop learning. Such as negative salary, such as hanging horns. Although the body is tired, it is still bitter. Su Laoquan, 27. Get angry and read books. He is old, but he still regrets it. You should think early, young man. If Liang Hao, eighty-two. Yes, Da Ting, Quidditch. What has been done is different.
as a young man, you should be determined. Ying is eight years old and can recite poems. I am seven years old and can play chess. He is enlightened and people are amazed. When you are young, you should be effective. Cai Wenji can argue the piano. Xie Daowen can chant. He is a woman and intelligent. Man, be a policeman. Tang Liuyan, Fang is seven years old. Raise a prodigy and make orthography. Although Yan is young, he has become an official. If there is a promising person, it is also.
the dog keeps vigil, and the chicken is in the morning. If you don't learn, you will be a man. Silkworms spin silk and bees make honey. People who don't learn are inferior to things. Learn young and walk strong. To the king, to the people. Make a name for yourself and show your parents. The light is ahead, and the margin is behind. The posthumous son, Jin Man wins. My godson, the only way. Diligence is meritorious, but drama is useless. If you quit, you should struggle.
2. Translation.
when people are born, their nature is good. The nature of kindness is very close to each other, and later, because of the different living and learning environments, the differences are getting bigger and bigger. If you don't receive a good education as early as possible, the nature of kindness will change with the influence of the environment. The so-called preconceptions should not be careless! As for educational methods, we should focus on making children concentrate and have determination. The choice of coursework should be based on specialization, rather than seeking extensive knowledge.
。 In ancient times, Mencius' mother moved three times in order to find an educational environment beneficial to Mencius. (I moved from the cemetery to the market and moved to the school again and again. ) Once Mencius didn't study hard and played truant to go home, and Meng Mu cut the half-woven cloth in front of him.
And warned him: The truth of studying, just like weaving, is that yarns must be woven one by one. After continuous efforts, silk can be accumulated into inches, inches can be accumulated into feet, and finally a complete and useful cloth can be woven; The same is true of reading. You should study hard and persevere. After a long period of accumulation, you can achieve something. Otherwise, it's like weaving by halves, and once all previous efforts are wasted, it's useless.
In the Five Dynasties, there was a Dou Yujun (also known as Dou Yanshan) who educated his children according to the principles taught by sages, so all five sons were very successful and could show off their family. Giving birth to children, if you only know how to feed them and don't educate them, is a parent's dereliction of duty. Teachers teach students not only knowledge and skills, but also the truth of life.
enable students to get along well with others, do things in a proper way and live a healthy, happy and meaningful life. Therefore, the requirements for students must be serious and strict, and they should not be lazy, so as to teach good students. It is wrong to be a child if you don't study hard! When you are young, you refuse to work hard and study hard. When you are old, what can you do?
a piece of jade can't be a useful tool if it isn't carved. People are the same. If you don't study, you can't understand the truth of being a man and doing things. I don't know if those things are reasonable or not. Should you do them? As children, we should get close to mentors and make good friends when we are young, and learn the etiquette of treating people, handling things, coping, advancing and retreating.
Huang Xiang is a native of Jiangxia, Eastern Han Dynasty. When he was nine years old, he knew how to be filial to his parents. When it was hot in summer, he used a fan to fan his parents' beds and then invited them to bed. When it is cold in winter, he will warm his parents' quilts first, and then ask them to sleep peacefully.
filial piety is the duty of every child. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Kong Rong was only four years old, he knew to comity his elder brother, let him eat the big pears and choose the smaller ones himself.
this virtue of respecting and loving brothers should be educated and cultivated as early as possible. The first important thing to be a man is to be filial to parents and love brothers, and the second is to broaden one's knowledge, understand the changes of figures, and study the articles of ancient sages to cultivate oneself. The first is the beginning of the number, ten tens are one hundred, ten hundreds are one thousand, and ten thousands are ten thousand. This accumulation can be endless.
The ancients thought that the basic elements that constitute the phenomenon and meaning of life are: heaven, earth and people; "Heaven" refers to the space on which all things live, including the sun, the moon and the stars running endlessly, and the seasons changing without chaos. There is a certain order between day and night; Land' refers to the geographical conditions and various products in which everything grows; Man is the spirit of all things, and everything should be nurtured according to heaven and earth.
The three sources of light are the sun, the moon and the stars. The three most important ethical relations between people are: morality between monarch and minister, affection between father and son, and mutual respect and harmony between husband and wife. Spring, summer, autumn and winter have their own characteristics in a year, and they circulate and never stop. (Spring ploughing, Summer Yun, Autumn Harvest, Winter Tibetan) The four seasons change because the earth revolves around the sun.
the four directions, namely, east, south, west and north, all correspond to each other based on the central government. The ancients took wood, fire, earth, gold and water as the five basic characteristics of the material, which were called five elements, and summarized the changes of these five elements by mathematical principles, and found that there was a mutual relationship between them, such as aquatic wood, wood fire, fire soil and local gold. Jin Kemu, Mu Ke Tu, Tu Ke Shui, Shui Ke Huo, and Huo Ke Jin are mutually compatible.
A, B, D, D, E, G, N and N, there are ten heavenly stems, and the earthly branches refer to: Zi Chou Yin Mao Tatsumi applied for defending the sea at noon, and there are twelve earthly branches, all of which are symbols for ancient people to calculate time; The earthly branch is used to calculate the daily time, such as: noon refers to 11: am to 1: am, ugly refers to 1: am to 3: pm, and noon refers to 11: pm to 13: pm.
The heavenly stems and earthly branches cooperate with each other to calculate the years, such as Jiazi Year and Ugly Year. The ecliptic is the orbit of the sun in space, and the equator is the center line of the earth, which divides the earth into the southern hemisphere and the northern hemisphere. It is tropical near the equator, and the temperature is extremely hot. Our country is located in the east of the northern hemisphere. Because of its vast area, it includes tropical, temperate and frigid zones.
There are beautiful mountains and rivers in our country. Among the rivers, the Yangtze River is the largest, the Yellow River is the second, and the Huaihe River and Jishui River all flow eastward into the sea. Mount Taishan in Dongyue, Huashan in Xiyue, Songshan in Zhongyue, Hengshan in Beiyue and Hengshan in Nanyue. These five mountains are called Wuyue (Yue) and are the five famous mountains in China.
Scholars are scholars, and people with four identities of scholars, agriculture, industry and commerce are the basic elements of forming a society and building a country. Benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith maintain the relationship between people. These five principles will never change, and they must be observed without confusion.
There are many kinds of creatures growing on the earth, such as plants, which are found all over the land and water. As for animals, there are insects, fish, birds and beasts. Some of them can fly in the air, some walk on land, and some live in water.
Rice, sorghum, soybean, wheat, millet (sticky rice), millet (non-sticky), etc. Six kinds of cereals are staple foods for human consumption; China is vast in territory and abundant in natural resources, with different climates, customs and people's feelings, so the staple foods are different.
horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, dogs and pigs, these six kinds of animals are raised by human beings, and each has its own contribution. Joy, anger, sadness, fear, attachment, hatred, and desire to have are seven emotions that everyone has.
cyan, red, yellow, black and white are five colors designated in ancient China, which are called five colors (positive colors). We can easily distinguish them with our eyes. Sour, bitter, sweet (sweet), and spicy (spicy) and alkali are the five flavors contained in food.
The smell of mutton (smell of mutton), burnt smell, fragrance, fishy smell and rotten smell are the five smells that our noses smell. Melon and clay ancient people made musical instruments (such as sheng and Yu), leather refers to cowhide, and can be made into musical instruments called drums, which have inspiring effects, such as Jin drums, waist drums and wave drums.
Wooden musical instruments include wooden fish, bangzi, clapper, wish and tune. (Often used in ceremonies for offering sacrifices to Confucius), stone musical instruments include Qing (stone Qing), and metal musical instruments include bells, gongs, cymbals and cymbals. Silk musical instruments are called silks because China used silk as strings in ancient times, including Qin, Qin, Zheng and later Hu Qin, Pipa, Violin and Guitar.
Bamboo musical instruments are made by punching bamboo tubes, which are mainly divided into flute (horizontal blowing) and flute (direct blowing). The above eight musical instruments can be regarded as the representatives of eight tones, and' music' can reconcile the body and mind, and it and' ceremony' complement each other. Ping, Shang, Qu and Ru are the four tones in ancient times. When speaking, the pronunciation should be correct, so that people can hear clearly.
Great-great-grandfathers represent three generations, namely, great-grandfathers, great-grandfathers and grandfathers, then fathers and themselves, followed by sons, grandsons, great-grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Nine generations of kin are called Jiuzu, which includes four generations above themselves. They are our direct blood relatives and have the closest relationship with ourselves. It is the basic ethical relationship between the young and the old in the family. The following is about the five ethics, and the five ethics have the principle of treating each other.
The father is kind and loving, the children are filial, and the husband and wife are obedient. Husband and wife should respect and understand each other. As for brothers and sisters, brothers and sisters should take good care of their siblings, and siblings should also respect their brothers and sisters.
There should be an ethical order between the young and the old, and friends should get along honestly, trust each other and communicate sincerely. Leaders should respect their subordinates, and subordinates should be loyal to their duties and do their duty to their officers. From the kindness of father and son to the loyalty of ministers, everyone should abide by these ten principles, understand the relationship between relatives and friends, and pay attention to the order that cannot be violated.
In ancient times, parents, grandparents, brothers, uncles, grandfathers, cousins and other relatives all wore mourning clothes with certain etiquette, which should not be confused. Learning etiquette, music, archery, driving a carriage, calligraphy and mathematics are the six skills that the ancients taught their children, which are called six arts. Now students don't have these talents.
Only by practicing calligraphy and writing, everyone still abides by it. After you know Chinese characters, you should explain the structure and significance of learning Chinese characters.
China's writing has a long history and has its unique significance. There were Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Zhong Dingwen earlier, followed by Da Zhuan and Xiao Zhuan, followed by Li Shu and cursive script, which should be clearly distinguished.
learning between heaven and earth