"Five old men and seven wise men" refers to a traditional cultural group that flourished in Sichuan a hundred years ago. They have inherited the excellent traditions of Bashu culture, among which there are many former top scholars, Jinshi, Juren, Magistrate, Hanlin and Shi Yu. Some educators "don't be an official all your life, peaches and plums are all over the world." Former politician, honest and clean, obedient; Be a teacher, help students study after class and cultivate talents. Having both ability and political integrity, seeking truth and being pragmatic, widely planting peaches and plums and benefiting scholars have made "Shu Studies" have a far-reaching influence in China.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, a large number of literati gathered in Chengdu. Many of them were treated with courtesy by those who presided over Sichuan politics, and the best of them were honored as "five old men and seven wise men".
Generally speaking, the main figures are,, Luo, Song, Pang, Xu Zixiu, Lin Shanrui, Shao Conggen, Liu Xianxing, Zeng Jian, Wu Zhiying and Jiao Long.
Among the five elders and seven sages, Zhao Xi has the highest prestige. Zhao Xi, an academician of the former Qing Dynasty, once petitioned for the people. His impeachment power is known as the "iron empire", and he is famous for his poems, words, books, paintings and plays, especially his poems and books. Xiangsong ci has been spread to this day and was called "the first poet in the late Qing Dynasty" at that time. His calligraphy is known as "Zhao Zi of Rongxian County". In one year, warlord troops fought in Rongxian County. At that time, Zhao Xi lived in the East Gate. The officers of both sides are highly respected by Zhao Xi. Before the war, they made a "gentleman's agreement" not to fire at the east gate, so as not to scare the old people. Sichuanese felt it, so they called the east of Rong County "Gongzheng Township".
Zhao Xi's farewell words
Zhao Xixiang's Song Ci
Lin is good at poetry, and his poems are as famous as his own. There is a poem by Tang Dynasty, which was called "Lin and Zhao" in the poetry circle at that time.
Most of the "five elders and seven sages" are learned people, and they can be called the representative figures of Sichuan Confucianism in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. At that time, there was a eulogy that "the style of writing in Sichuan flourished in the Han Dynasty", which was closely related to the inheritance of "five old men and seven sages". Confucianism is the core and mainstream of traditional culture in China, and it is also a profound ideological and cultural system. The era of "five elders and seven sages" is a period of rapid change in China's modern history, and the conflict between the old and new cultures is very fierce. They fully embody the essence and dross of traditional culture. Some people also have new ideas since the reform, but some are stubborn defenders of feudal culture.
There are many works of "Five Old Men and Seven Sages", such as Wen series of Song Dynasty, Ci Collection of chansons, Jiyuan series of Rong Xianzhi and Xu Jiong, Entertainment House Collection of Liu Xianxing, Japanese National History of Zeng Jian and Lin.
The "five old men and seven sages" are famous for their poems and calligraphy, but they are also encouraged by famous festivals. They dare to criticize the current abuses bluntly. Zhao Xi was a famous "hardliner" in the late Qing Dynasty. As a social sage, princes are between officials and people and communicate with public opinion. They are not only revered by officials, but also admired by the people, deeply cherished by the people and valued by the times.
1924, the warlord Yang Sen lived in Chengdu, and the Beiyang government appointed him to "supervise the aftermath of Sichuan military affairs". The following year, Yang Sen carried out "municipal construction" in Chengdu, demolishing houses and expanding roads. Private houses require citizens to tear down their own houses without compensation, which leads to people's displacement and complaints. The "five elders and seven sages" headed by Xu Jiong joined hands to protest with the supervisory department and plead for the people. This incident made Yang Sen very embarrassed and difficult to attack. Afterwards, he became angry from embarrassment and arrogantly threatened: "I don't believe that the skulls of your' five old men and seven sages' are made of copper and iron. I will try to cut it. " The "five elders and seven sages" uphold justice for the society and are also dissatisfied with local evil forces. They secretly cursed the "five old and seven wise men" as "five fires and seven troubles", which shows that a generation of literati is not just modest Confucian scholars.
In the early period of the Republic of China, the warlords in Sichuan were divided and there were frequent wars. Chengdu, especially the place where they fought, was often mediated by the "five elders and seven sages", which objectively reduced the suffering of citizens from war.
One year, the warlord troops fought in Rong County. At that time, Zhao Xi lived in the East Gate. The officers of both sides are highly respected by Zhao Xi. Before the war, they made a "gentleman's agreement" not to fire at the east gate, so as not to scare the old people. Sichuanese felt it, so they called the east of Rong County "Gongzheng Township". (At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zheng Xuan, a scholar and educator, was born in Gaomi, Shandong. Because of knowing the world's virtue, the Yellow Scarf Army does not disturb its hometown), and compares Rongxian, where it is located, to "Gongzheng Township", which shows the great influence in Shu. Huang Yanpei, a famous democratic revolutionist, once wrote a poem praising Shu: "After the robbery, the people have been working hard, and whenever they hear about political affairs, there will be a good year." Shu people respect the old and the wise, and the five elders are first matched with the seven sages. "