Tang Yin Information:
Tang Yin (1470- 1523) was born in Chenghua, Ming Xianzong for six years. He was born in Yinri, silver moon, hence his name Tang Yin. His real name was Bohu, No.6 Ruju, the owner of Taohua Temple, and he was born in Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). Born into a merchant family, his father Tang Guangde and his mother Qiu were smart since childhood. When he was in his twenties, his family suffered a change. His parents, wife and sister died one after another, and his family came down. At the suggestion of his good friend Zhu Yunming, he closed himself to the outside world and devoted himself to his studies. At the age of 29, she took the Yingtianfu public examination and won the first prize of "Xie Yuan". At the age of 30, I went to Beijing to try, but I was accused of being an official for cheating in the examination room. From then on, I decided to make progress and make a living by selling paintings. Nine years (15 14), at the invitation of Ning Wang Zhu, he went to Nanchang for more than half a year. Later, when he realized that King Ning was up to something, he pretended to be crazy and ran away. Life was hard in his later years and he died at the age of 54. He is cynical, brilliant and famous for his poems. He, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and Xu Zhenqing are also called "Four Talents in the South of the Yangtze River", and his painting name is even more famous. He, Shen Zhou, Wen Zhiming and Chou Ying are also called "four sons of Wu Men".
He is good at landscapes, figures, flowers and birds. His landscape paintings were studied by Chen Zhou in his early years, and then by Li Tang and Liu Songnian. He painted mountains and painted mountains with an axe, which was majestic and steep, but his pen was fine, his layout was sparse and his style was elegant. Figure paintings are mostly ladies and historical stories, inheriting the tradition of the Tang Dynasty, with clear lines, gorgeous and elegant colors, beautiful posture and accurate modeling; He is also a freehand brushwork figure, and his pen is concise and interesting. His flower-and-bird paintings are freehand and elegant. In addition to painting, Tang Yin also engaged in calligraphy, learning from Zhao Mengfu, and his calligraphy style was fantastic and handsome. There are some paintings that have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Riding a Donkey to Home, Singing in the Mountain Road, Mingming, Uncle Wang's Palace Prostitute, Li Duanduanju, Autumn Wind and Fan, and Qiuci Cuan.
Tang Yin is also very accomplished in literature. Palace poetry is full of travel, painting and sentimental works, which can not only express the wild and detached state of mind, but also express the indifference to the world. Slang and slang are used in poetry, which is easy to understand and simple in meaning. He wrote the Collection of Six Confucian Laymen, and the Qing Dynasty compiled the Complete Works of Six Confucian Laymen.
[Edit this paragraph] Tang Yin's life
Tang Yin's ancestral home is Jinchang, which is now Jincheng, Shanxi, so in his calligraphy and painting, he often writes the word "Jinchang Tang Yin". In the Northern Song Dynasty, the Tang family moved south and began to do business in Nanjing and Suzhou. Tang Yin was born in a businessman's family in Wuchili, Wuxian County, Suzhou. Tang Yin had three wives in his life. /kloc-married Xu Tingrui's second daughter Xu at the age of 0/9, but died around the age of 24. I may have married another woman later, but I was dragged down by cheating in the examination room. Since she married Shen Shi (nine niang), Tang Bohu has been gifted since childhood. He is familiar with the four books and five classics and is proficient in historical records. 65-year-old, 438+06, the top scholar, sensational Suzhou city. At the age of 29, he went to Nanjing to take the provincial examination and won the first place in Xieyuan. Just when he was full of ambition, he went to Beijing for the exam the next year, but he was unlucky because he was involved in the fraud case in the examination room.
It is generally said that Xu Jing, the son of Jiangyin's richest man, secretly bribed the examiner's furniture and got the test questions in advance. After the revelations, Tang Yin was also implicated in prison. Cheng and Li Dongyang are examiners for the 2008 Beijing College Entrance Examination. Both of them are well-read, and the questions are so obscure that many candidates can't answer them. There are only two papers, which are not only properly answered, but also elegantly worded, which makes Cheng blurt out with joy: "These two papers belong to Tang Yin." This sentence was heard by the people present and dispersed. Tang Yin visited him many times after he went to Beijing, especially after Cheng was appointed as the main examiner. Tang Yin also asked him to preface one of his poems. This aroused the suspicion of others. This time, when I heard Cheng say this in the examination room, I was caught by people who usually hate him. A group of people began to talk about the emperor, saying that Cheng had taken bribes and let the cat out of the bag. If it is not strictly investigated, it will lose the hearts of scholars all over the world. Emperor Xiaozong believed it and was very angry. He immediately decided not to allow Cheng to read newspapers. All the papers read by Cheng were re-read by Li Dongyang, and Cheng, Tang Yin, were put into Dali Temple prison and tried by special personnel. After Xu Jing went to prison, he couldn't stand the torture. He admitted that he bribed Cheng's relatives with a piece of gold, stole the examination questions and leaked them to Tang Yin. After a joint examination by the Ministry of Punishment and the government, Xu Jing overturned his confession, saying it was a confession. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered "rehabilitation", and Cheng died of dissatisfaction after he was released from prison. After Tang Yin was released from prison, he was banished to Zhejiang as a petty official. Tang Yin was ashamed not to take office. "Tang Yin Meng Qing Tu" axis, Ming and Tang Yin paintings.
There are many records and different accounts about this case. In fact, this is the result of the internal struggle of the ruling class. "Biography of Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty" said: "Or the prison of sensitive politics, Fu Han wants to seize its position, so that it can be played and the secret can't be clear." But there is no doubt that this matter is extremely serious for Tang Yin. From then on, Tang Yin decided to pursue a career. After returning home, he was addicted to wine, traveled to famous mountains and rivers, and determined to be a companion of poetry, painting and calligraphy all his life.
In the 13th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1500), Tang Yin left Suzhou and arrived in Zhenjiang by boat. From Zhenjiang to Yangzhou, he visited places of interest such as Slender West Lake and Pingshan Hall. Then take a boat along the river and cross Wuhu and Jiujiang to Lushan Mountain. The magnificent scenery of Lushan Mountain left a deep impression on Tang Yin. This was fully reflected in his later paintings. He returned to Huangzhou by boat and saw the remains of Battle of Red Cliffs. Tang Yin's Red Cliff Map was drawn on this basis. Later, he went south to Hunan, boarded Yueyang Tower and visited Dongting Lake. And climb Mount Hengshan in Nanyue south. Re-entering Fujian, roaming the famous mountains of Wuyi and Jiulihu in Xianyou County. Tang Yin transferred from Fujian to Zhejiang, visited Yandang Mountain and Tiantai Mountain, crossed the sea to Putuo, and then returned to Anhui, Huangshan and Jiuhua Mountain along Fuchun River and Xin 'anjiang River. At this point, Tang Yin had spent all his money and had to return to Suzhou. Tang Yin's trip to Wan Li Road lasted more than nine months, and he traveled all over the famous mountains and rivers, adding a lot of materials for his later paintings.
Back in Suzhou, my family was poor, and my wife made a scene and finally left him. He lives in a small building facing the street at the corner of Qufang Wu. He entertains with painters and sells paintings for a living. He wrote in a poem: "No alchemy, no meditation, no ploughing for merchants." If you have time, write a picture of Danqing and sell it. There is no money on the earth. "In order to show my ambition of fame and fortune, I specialize in reading and selling paintings for free. See Spring, Listen to Wind, Roll, Ming and Tang Yin.
When Tang Yin was thirty-six, he chose Taohuawu in the north of the city, built an elegant and leisurely home, and lived a crazy life. Taohuawu was originally a bamboo slip villa in Zhangzhuang, Song Dynasty, which has gone through many vicissitudes and is now in ruins. But the scenery here is pleasant and the environment is quiet. A clear stream flows, and several wild peach willows die by the stream, which is quite interesting in Shan Ye. The following year, Tang Yin built the Taohuawu Villa with the money from selling paintings. Although there are only a few huts, elegant plaques are hung under the eaves, such as Xuepu Hall, Mengmo Pavilion and Butterfly Zhai. Tang Yin loved peach blossoms all his life. The villa was named "Peach Blossom Temple", and he named himself "Lord of Peach Blossom Temple" and wrote "Song of Peach Blossom Temple": "Peach Blossom Fairy nurtures peach trees and collects them for drinking. When you wake up, you just sit in front of the flowers, and when you are drunk, you come to sleep under the flowers. Half drunk and half awake day after day, flowers bloom year after year. ..... "In spring, flowers are in full bloom in the garden. He invited Shen Zhou, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and others to come here to drink and compose poems, paint with a brush, and break up happily. . "Drink like day, drink when you come, don't ask, sleep when you are drunk." (Zhu Yunming's Epitaph of Tang Ziwei) At this time, Tang Yin was at leisure and detached.
In the ninth year of Ming Dynasty (15 14), he was recruited to Nanchang by Wang Ning, the imperial clan of Ming Dynasty. Later, he found himself caught in a political conspiracy in Wang Ning, so he pretended to be crazy, escaped and returned to his hometown. Later, Wang Ning rebelled against the imperial court and was pacified. Fortunately, Tang Yin escaped death, but he also caused a lot of trouble. Since then, my thoughts have gradually become depressed and I have turned to Buddhism. Since then, he has been named "Liu Rusi", and the seal of the autonomous party is "Escape from Zen Immortal".
After returning from Nanchang, I was sick all the year round and couldn't paint often. Besides, I can't keep a house, so my life is very difficult. I even often borrow money from my friends Zhu Zhishan and Wen Zhiming. In the meantime, the famous calligrapher Wang Chong often came to help and married Tang Yin's only daughter as his wife, which became the happiest thing for Tang Yin in his later years.
In the second year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1523), at the age of 54, his health was even worse. This autumn, at the invitation of his friends, he went to the Wangs' home in Dongshan. However, there are two sentences in Su Dongpo's original work: "A hundred years is strong and a half, and there will be no more pain in the future", which just touched Tang Yin's mood. He was sad for a while, and fell ill after leaving home, and soon ended his miserable life. After his death, he was buried in Taohuawu North. Jiajing moved to Hengtang Town, Wang Jiacun in 26 years. After his death, his relatives and friends Wang Chong, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and others raised funds for the funeral. Zhu Yunming wrote an epitaph of more than a thousand words, which was written by Wang Chong and engraved on a stone tablet. Most of Tang Yin's life stories in later generations were obtained from this epitaph. Zi Shu Ci Volume, Ming and Tang Yinshu
Tang Yin's political career was bumpy and his old age was bleak, so that his poems were almost scattered behind him. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the poems and people admired by Changshu booksellers spared no expense to collect and sort out poems and songs for him. Fu Zi read nearly 100 poems lost by Tang Yin before his death, which made Tang Yin have the first complete collection of poems handed down from generation to generation, and Luoyang paper was expensive for a while. Later, a famous publishing bibliophile in Jiangnan. Jin Mao, a bookseller in Changshu, also appreciates Tang Yin's talent. When cataloging Chronicle of Poetry in Ming Dynasty and Wen Yuan in Ancient and Modern Times, he collected Tang Yin's poems and anecdotes in particular, enriching and perfecting Tang Bohu's poems and accumulating vivid cultural materials for future generations.
Jin Mao later independently undertook the task of rebuilding Tang Yin's tomb. According to the Records of Suzhou Prefecture, in Shen Jia on March 16, Chongzhen, Jinmao and Jinshi from the same county went to Hengtang, Gusu, Wang Jiacun. Because of the barren thorns in the tomb of the Tang Dynasty, a generation of talented cattle and sheep were exiled to the cemetery, and they suddenly felt a pity. He inquired in nearby Fu Tian, only to know that after Tang Yin's death, there was only one grandniece and widow among the heirs, who was trapped in the city because of financial difficulties, so that Tang Yin lacked four-time sacrifices. Jin Mao lamented sadly: "This is the sin of being a friend. People who have read Bo Hu's articles for thousands of years are all his friends. Why bother? " Therefore, Jin Mao generously donated money, rebuilt the tomb seal, set up a stone tablet, and built three ancestral temples next to the tomb. Lei Qijian, a local official in Suzhou, wrote an inscription "Rebuilding the Tomb of Xie Yuan in Tang Dynasty", saying "Those who prefer to leave the stone behind forever."
Taohuawu information
Taohuawu is now Taohuawu Street in Suzhou and its surrounding areas. Du Xunhe, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote a poem "taohuajiang", and Fan Chengda's poem "Nagato Pan Cha" in the Song Dynasty has the phrase "Taowu talks about the past and the present". Visible Taohuawu has a long history. Xu Dalong, who lived in Li Qingyuan at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, described the scope of Taohuawu in detail in The Record of the Embers: "It entered the Nagato River in the east, followed Nengren Temple and Zhang Jiahe in the north, crossed Shitang Bridge and left Qimen, which was called Taohuawu in ancient times. In the northwest of the river, it is all Taowu land, as far as the eye can see, all over Dayun Township. "
Taohuawu has many ups and downs in history. It used to be a land of farming and mulberry planting. During the reign of Song Xining, Mei Xuanyi built the Taiye Garden here, with a new look, named "Five Mu Garden", also known as "Meiyuan Garden". During the reign of Shao Sheng, Kun of Shu built a "Taohuawu Villa" in the south of the five-acre garden, covering an area of 700 mu. On this basis, Zhang's descendants opened ponds and built manor-style gardens, which were called "Zhangyuan" in history. "Wu Men Biao Yin" is known as "the first house in the garden, and it is outstanding for a while." Mei and Zhang are family friends, and Mei Xuanyi's sons Mei Cainan and Zhang Yunzi followed the story of meandering water flowing, opened ponds in two gardens and built a Pisces release pond, with a "double lotus pond" leading to Meiyuan at one end and a "thousand-legged pond" leading to Meiyuan at the other. At that time, there were more people in the county town than those enjoying flowers in this spring outing, which was at its peak.
The mutiny at the end of the Song Dynasty destroyed Meiyuan and Bird. After the Yuan Dynasty, Taohuawu was built again and again. During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, the famous painter Tang Yin bought the Taohuawu villa in Zhang Kun, named it "Taohuaan", and planted several acres of peach trees around it. Tang Yin also claimed to be the owner of the Peach Blossom Temple. In the early years of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, the famous doctor Shen bought this place and rebuilt the "Peach Blossom Temple" and other buildings to commemorate it. At that time, it was called "Tang Family" or "Shen Taiweng Garden". During the Qianlong period, the Buddhist Temple and Daoxin were converted into Bao Hua Temple, and during the Guangxu period, it was changed to Wenchang Pavilion.
Still in Taohuawu. During the New Year tomorrow, Yang Dayun built Zhunti Temple to worship Zhunti Buddha. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the magistrate Tang of Wuxian built the Tang Kechienji on the east side of Zhunti 'an for the Tang Yin ethnic group, named "Peach Blossom Fairy Hall" as a memorial to Mr. Tang Yin and Zhu Yunming.
In the early years of the Republic of China, patriotic gentry bought a corner of Tang Yin's former residence and built a "Guimu Temple". 1925, his son Gong Fei and granddaughter Yuan Huiquan got married here.
As for the five-acre garden, the pavilion was rebuilt in Ye in the late Qing Dynasty, and the building name was mostly used in the old five-acre garden, which was called "Ye's Garden". Later, it was bought by Xie Jiafu and built the "Wang Chui Building".
In addition to the former residence of the garden and the gentry's guild hall, since the Qing Dynasty, the houses in Taohuawu have been lined up, and commercial workshops abound, the most prosperous of which is the New Year picture workshop. Especially after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom fire destroyed the New Year pictures workshop in Shantang Street, only Taohuawu was left in Suzhou. "Taohuawu New Year Pictures" got its name and became one of the most famous New Year pictures in China.
The Taohuawu outside Suzhou is also deeply impressed in my mind because Tang Yin wrote a song of Taohuawu: "Taohuawu in Taohuawu, Taohuaxian under Taohuawu.
Peach Fairy cultivates peach trees, picks them and drinks them.
When you wake up, you just sit in front of the flowers, and when you are drunk, you come to sleep under the flowers.
Half drunk and half awake day after day, flowers bloom year after year.
I hope I die of old age. I don't want to bow my head in front of horses and chariots.
Car dust and clues show things, and wine is hidden in snuff.
If the revealer is compared to a hermit, one is underground and the other is in heaven.
If we compare Hua San to horses and chariots, I will have no leisure.
Others laugh at me for being crazy, and I laugh at others for not being able to see through it.
There are no graves of Hao Jie in Wuling, no flowers, no wine, and no hoes to plow the fields. "