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Su Shi (Northern Song Dynasty)
Lotus didn't shelter from the rain,
There are branches of Ao Shuang in the chrysanthemum.
Good years must be remembered,
It's orange, orange and green.
translate
The lotus flower withered, even the lotus leaf holding the rain withered, and only the flower branch that defeated the chrysanthemum stood proudly in the frost. You must remember that the best scenery in a year is in the late autumn and early winter when oranges are golden and green.
Extended data:
Creation background
This poem was written by Su Shi when he was the magistrate of Hangzhou in the fifth year of Yuan You, Song Zhezong (1090). When Su Shi met Liu in Hangzhou, Liu was 58 years old. After Su Shi tried his best to protect the imperial court, Liu Cai got a little promotion. I don't want Wen Jing to die in just two years. Su Shi felt that Liu Yisheng was bumpy, so he wrote this poem according to the scenery. ?
Literary appreciation
This poem is about the scenery in early winter. In order to highlight "orange, orange, green, the best scenery in a year", the poet first painted a picture of late autumn with highly summarized pen and ink: the lotus pond, which once had green leaves and red flowers reflecting the sun, has long withered, and the withered stems and leaves can no longer hold up a green umbrella to shelter from the wind and rain; The residual chrysanthemum under the independent hedge, although the stem is fragrant, has no leaves, and only the tall and straight branches are still strong against the wind in Ao Shuang.
There are many kinds of nature, and flowers bloom and fall in a year. It can be said that the seasons are different and the months are different. Here, the poet only chose the lotus and chrysanthemum that won the competition in summer and autumn respectively, and wrote their withering to set off the cold heart of orange.
The genius of the poet also lies in that he did not simply write about the decline of lotus and chrysanthemum, but extended the description to lotus leaves and chrysanthemum branches. This is because, among hundreds of flowers, "only green lotus and red lotus" means "the length of this flower is consistent with that of this leaf" (Li Shangyin's "Giving Lotus").
Poets have always chanted lotus leaves, such as "Lotus leaves on the stream stack up to clear the money" (Du Fu's Nine Poems Wandering), "Lotus leaves in the sky are infinitely beautiful" (Yang Wanli's "Seeing the Woods at Jingci Temple") and "Leaving the withered lotus leaves to listen to the rain" (Li Shangyin's "Luo Ting Love Cui Zhou").
Su Shi knew this well, so he used rain to show that the Dutch defeat was complete and really vivid. Similarly, Chrysanthemum is called an outstanding figure under the frost, not only because it is Leng Xiang, but also because it has tall and straight branches. When this flower is broken, Ao Shuang's staff can still be independent, which can fully reflect its aloof character.
The poet's observation can be described as nuanced and his ability to grasp the essence of things can be described as powerful. These two sentences are literally opposite, with the same content, and they are called "running water pair", "nothing" and "there is", which shows the difference between two flowers.
However, whether it is thanking first or thanking later, it is out of date after all, and we have to withdraw from the competition and give way to the vibrant early winter pride-oranges and oranges. At this point, the poet happily reminds people: Please remember that the best scenery in a year is in the early winter when the article is brilliant (Qu Yuan's Ode to an Orange).
When oranges are mentioned side by side here, they are actually biased towards oranges. From Qu Yuan's Ode to an Orange to Zhang Jiuling's experience (here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. ), oranges have always been praised by poets as "good trees", but oranges are actually "although they may serve your distinguished guests". Citrus's "leaves are green all winter" and "because of its' love for cold', it is not only inferior to lotus and chrysanthemum, but also comparable to pine and cypress." There is also a Ao Shuang in the chrysanthemum, which was later used as a metaphor for unyielding people.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-For Liu Jingwen