Tao Yuanming (352 or 365-427), also known as "Jingjie", was born in Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province). A great poet and poet at the end of Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty.
Su Shi (1037 65438+ October 8th, Yi Shuo10361219-101August 24th).
2. Different literary ideas.
Tao Yuanming was a great thinker in the Middle Ages. His literary thought is an important part of the literary thought in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. His understanding of truth not only pays attention to the truth of history and life, but also pays attention to the truth of thoughts, feelings and ambitions, which is a perfect artistic truth. At the same time, his understanding of nature also shows the uniqueness of his literary thought.
He doesn't talk about enlightenment, he doesn't carve things, he pays attention to the free expression of emotions and the naturalness of poetry, which is a very high realm. However, both advocating artistic truth and advocating literary essence are for the free expression of life. This is the soul of Tao Yuanming's literary thought.
Su Ci fully shows the author's mental journey from positive to contradictory depression, striving to get rid of self-adaptation and constant pursuit, and his wild, romantic, affectionate and thoughtful personality temperament. After Liu Yong and Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi further made the lyric characters and creative subjects in his poems move from separation to unity.
Su Ci not only expanded the inner world, but also expanded the outer world. Different from the narrow life scene expressed by literati ci in the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, Su Shi not only described the author's daily communication, leisure reading, farming and hunting, sightseeing, but also further showed the magnificent scenery of nature.
Su Shi used his own creative practice to show that there was nothing to write about and no intention to enter. Ci, like poetry, has the function of fully expressing social life and real life.
Because Su Shi expanded the expressive function of Ci, enriched the emotional connotation of Ci, expanded the temporal and spatial scenes of Ci, improved the artistic taste of Ci, and introduced Ci into the literary hall in an upright manner, which made Ci rise from a "path" to a lyric style with the same status as poetry.
3. Su Shi and Tao Yuanming lived in different times.
Su Dongpo is in a great era. That era was the freest in China's history. Both Wang Anshi's political reform and Sima Guang's abolition of the law have the same purpose, that is, to make Qiang Bing rich and the people live and work in peace and contentment.
Su Dongpo is incompatible with their political views, but after all, he has a stirring and sincere heart, a soaring ambition, a burning passion and a positive and enterprising hope.
Therefore, even if his official career is ups and downs, and his official career is difficult and sinister, he will not put on clothes, leave his official career and stay away from the world. Even if he retired to the countryside, he always walked into the secluded landscape with one foot and stayed in his beloved world.
Compared with Su Dongpo's time, Tao Yuanming was much happier. He lived in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, with frequent usurpations by rulers, vicious nature, aristocratic corruption, strict gate system, sharp class contradictions and extremely dark politics. At that time, the dark reality had forced out Ruan Ji and Ji Kang, such "seven sages of the bamboo forest", and Tao Yuanming was also rejected by the gate system.
At that time, no matter how diligent and knowledgeable he was, no matter how excellent his poems and songs were, he could not display his political ambitions. This is the reason why Tao Yuanming's career is blocked, and it is also the social root of Tao Yuanming's refusal to stay away from the secular world.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Tao Yuanming
Baidu encyclopedia-Su Shi