one
Gong Yi Lee Ji Hyun's plaque is horizontal (note 1), and the mausoleum gate is magnificent. There are exhibition rooms on both sides of the hall. The pictures are biographies.
Buried like a giant inscription on a golden pagoda (note 2), there are four Zhou Lin Murong. Standing in front of the grave, I suddenly felt sad.
Note 1: Gong Yi —— Yi Bingshou, the magistrate of Yangzhou, was a famous calligrapher in Qing Dynasty, and was unique in official script.
Note 2: The mausoleum is like a golden pagoda-it is in the shape of a flat-topped pyramid.
two
The grass is fading and the sun is setting. Who knows the imperial residence? If it hadn't been for Ruan's careful inspection, he would have lost his job.
For thousands of years, the river has flowed by itself, and the silver hook is reflected in the cold night. Did Emperor Yang Di wake up from his dream today: Is the brocade sail hanging in Yangzhou?
Note 1: Ruan Shi-Ruan Yuan, a scholar in Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, discovered Yang Diling.
three
It's a pity that the palace was forbidden in those days, and all the old things were mulberry farmers. Where do you know about the Chitai Jade Seal? Submerged in millet.
The wicker on the shore is spring, and the flying catkins turn into dust. The returned bird's nest is still there, so it is difficult to find the old owner.
four
Build temples, open canals, promote everything, and do not repair tombs. The white silk is three feet away, and the bed is full of bedrooms.
The youngest son is innocent. Who's hurt? With the father also suffer (note). Innocent jump off a building, unknown disaster, knife cross sacrifice lotus flower!
Note: Levin, the youngest son of Emperor Yang Di, only 12 years old, was also killed.
five
Rain and dew moisten dresses, and flowers are busy day by day. Jiao Niang was left out in the cold.
Hou Yaozong, Tian Zi, may also get hurt and drift far away from home (note). Maybe she was heavily in debt before her death, and the widow was ashamed to repay it?
Note: After the death of Emperor Yang Di, the wandering hometown, Hou Yaozong was appointed king of Yu Wenhuaji, Dou Jiande and Mongolia, and was welcomed back by Li Shimin.
six
My thoughts are flying and my heart is surging. The history is too long. There are many ups and downs in ancient and modern times.
Unfortunately, I don't have this fate, and I'm not lucky enough to know. Liaodong has several songs to mourn, and the words are narrated.
Yang Di's Collection of Titles in Sui Dynasty (New Rhyme)
The hands-on culture is profound, and the imperial examination seeks for talents and historical innovation.
The EMI Canal industry is developed, and the Millennium Silk Road has benefited millions of people.
Learn more from Yang Di, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, and expand the territory first.
The savage and dissolute comments in the past are now discredited.
It's hard to say yes. Eighteen poems have damaged the reputation of Liaodong in Hebei.
A culture of personal practice is profound.
Fresh and different, singing and bowing. Domineering and delicate, sweeping away the breeze.
It is a matter of personal bow to lay the basic rules, and the style of writing is integrated with the north and the south. Poems and chapters are exciting and rhyme-cutting, and words create a discipline in Liaodong.
Emperor Yang Di was a talented poet and essayist with handsome appearance and brilliant literary talent. His poems are mainly composed of three categories: lyrical description of scenery, frontier troops and palace poems. His lyric poems about scenery, with fresh and simple language, swept away the debauchery and beauty of the Southern Dynasties; His frontier army poems are desolate and vigorous, comparable to Wei Wu's. Later generations evaluated his poems as "the emperor is domineering and the literati is delicate."
Yang Di tried to integrate the cultures of the North and the South, advocated a new style of poetry and prose, spread Buddhism from the South to the North, and promoted cultural exchanges between the North and the South. Promote the metricalization of poetry and lay the foundation of metrical; Qieyun was compiled by Lu Fayan on the basis of Luoyang Yin during the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, and now it has lost its rhyme 193. ) personally created the epigraph of Ji Liaodong.
Second, the historical innovation of imperial examinations
? By opening up the old with officials, Yang-ti talks (note 1). The selection of materials, especially characters, is based on "ten subjects". (Note 2)
? According to the position, you can be a hundred officials (note 3) and you can compete with yourself. Abolish hereditary talents, recruit talents, and restore centralization (Note 4)
Note: 1, Yang Di pioneered-) In the second year of Daye (AD 606), Yang Di established the imperial examination system. This is an epoch-making event in the history of China.
2. Ten subjects-In the third year of the great cause (AD 607), Emperor Yang Di issued an imperial edict: "Those who have positions in civil and military affairs should be filial, have a good reputation, be upright in virtue, be upright in conduct, be resolute and upright, adhere to the Constitution, be academically sensitive, be beautiful in literary talent, and be strong in buttocks."
3. Only quantity can make a hundred officials-only quantity can choose officials and appoint people on their merits. "The big one appoints the cabinet, and the small one appoints the county chief." The close combination of reading, examination and being an official has improved the cultural quality of officials.
4. Centralization-After the establishment of the Jinshi Division in Yang Di, the "Nine-product Zhengzhi System" which attached importance to family inheritance since Wei and Jin Dynasties was abolished, and the power of selecting and appointing talents in the hands of local aristocratic families was centralized in the hands of the central authorities, which greatly strengthened centralization and was conducive to political stability.
300 generations of canals are thriving (note 1)
The canal is next to the Great Wall, with great boldness of vision. North and South are connected by five rivers (Note 2), stringing together two civilizations (Note 3).
Irrigate agriculture and water transport to promote prosperity, Qian Fan lingers. One hundred generations are clean and prosperous, and their merits can be evaluated by Wang Yu.
Note: 1. Grand Canal-The Grand Canal of Sui Dynasty was built in 605 AD, and 3.6 million migrant workers dug an economic canal to connect the Yellow River and Huaihe River. In the same year,100000 migrant workers dredged the ancient Han ditch, connecting the Huaihe River and the Yangtze River, forming the lower half. Three years later, with more than one million migrant workers in Hebei, Yongji Canal was dug to the south of Beijing, forming the upper part. Two years later, the Jiangnan Canal was reopened and reached Yuhang (Hangzhou). At this point, * * * used more than five million migrant workers, and it took six years to build the 2700-kilometer Grand Canal, becoming one of the greatest projects in the world.
2. Connecting Five Rivers-The Grand Canal connects Qiantang River, Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Yellow River and Haihe River into a water system.
3. Two major civilizations-the Yangtze River civilization and the Yellow River civilization.
The 4,000-year Silk Road has benefited thousands of people.
( 1)
Leading the army out of Chang 'an, integrating business with study. Leave footprints in Longxi, Qinghai, and leap over Qilian.
The tour for half a year was very hard, and I was on the verge of death several times. I am deeply involved in the northwest, and I have never been able to be a king.
(2)
Zhang Ye visited the Dragon and Tiger Division, and the Western Regions respected him. Fan Jun's 27-year-old worship is harmonious and peaceful.
The silk of Shanglu was created by Pro-Jun, a polymer of Shanglu. Non-governmental economic exchanges are frequent, and the banner of openness is held high.
In 609 AD (the fifth year of the Great Cause), Emperor Yang Di led an army from Chang 'an (now Xi 'an) in Kyoto to Longxi and Qinghai in Gansu, crossed Qilian Mountain, and went north through vats to Zhangye County in Hexi Corridor. Due to the desert border and harsh natural conditions in the west since ancient times, Emperor Yang Di was also hit by a snowstorm. Most of the soldiers froze to death and most of the accompanying officials were separated. Emperor Yang Di was also very flustered and suffered a lot on the road. Emperor Yang Di's trip to the Western Regions lasted for half a year, which was of great significance. In feudal times, Emperor China arrived in the far northwest, only Emperor Yang Di.
After Yang Di arrived in Zhangye, the monarchs of the twenty-seven countries in the western regions and Mitchell appeared before each other one after another, expressing their obedience. Businessmen from all over the world also gathered in Zhangye to trade. Emperor Yang Di personally opened up the Silk Road, a feat that only famous emperors can have. In order to show the prosperity of China, Emperor Yang Di Yang Guang held a grand World Expo on the ancient Silk Road. This is a world-class initiative.
?
Fifth, learn more from Yang Di in the Tang Dynasty.
? In the early Tang Dynasty, officials of Sui Dynasty paid attention to it (note 1) and gathered many talents to return. The established system is often used, and Li Quanping laid the cornerstone.
? There is no territorial dispute, and the library is not empty. I have enjoyed it for 20 years. Rhyme and rhyme were the forerunner (note 2), and the style of Tang and Song Dynasties was developed.
Note: 1. Officials of the Sui Dynasty were widely valued in the early Tang Dynasty. According to historical records, among the 45 prominent officials in the early Tang Dynasty, there were 27 old ministers of the Sui Dynasty, including Yu Shinan.
2. Rhyme-Yang Di promoted the rhyming book "Qieyun" and advocated poetry rhyme, which laid the foundation for poetry rhyme.
Sixth, the first sign of soil extension and grain mixing
( 1)
? Sweep Chen's weak crown, I will decide Jiang Lan. Mountains and rivers unify disputes, and the people of Guoan praise sages. (Note 1)
? Tuguhun took the lead in opening up the territory, four counties were stationed in the border ministers, and Fanbang even visited Beijing in the northwest, expanding its territory. (Note 2)
Note: 1 year, in the ninth year of the reign of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty (AD 589), Yang Guang, who was only 20 years old, was worshipped as the Grand Marshal of Sui Dynasty, commanding 5 1000 troops to attack the prosperous Chen Dynasty. Under the command of Yang Guang, the Sui army was disciplined and brave, and broke through the moat of the Yangtze River in one fell swoop. Wherever we go, we are invincible. For the people, it is "no offense in autumn" and "nothing" for Chen Chaoku's wealth. Won wide acclaim from people. "The world knows that it is generally considered to be virtuous." At the age of 20, Yang Guang completed the great cause of China's reunification, ending the division of China for hundreds of years. It also ended three or four hundred years of war in China. Since then, China has entered an era of peace and prosperity.
2. In the fourth year of Daye (AD 608), Yang Di sent troops to destroy Tuguhun. In the fifth year of the Great Cause (AD 609), when Emperor Yang Di went to the Western Ocean, he set up four counties, namely Xihai, Heyuan, Shanshan and Qiemo, which further made Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang in the northwest an inseparable part of China. In the sixth year of Daye (AD 6 10), the Sui government set up five counties in Yiwu (Hami). Yang Di's continuous wars against Tuguhun, Qidan, Koryo and Turkic made the territory of Sui Dynasty expand continuously.
?
(2)
? The northwest division is far-sighted, and the horse's head refers to the southeast. The border extends to zhina, and Taiwan Province Province is covered with water. (Note 1)
? South Korea is not safe? Three years after three attacks (note 2). Bold and unrestrained, especially like Liaodong beauty, meatballs in the pen. (Note 3)
? note:
1. The army of the Sui Dynasty not only expanded its territory to the northwest, but also launched a series of wars to expand its territory to the southeast. The victory of these wars expanded the southeastern territory of the Sui Dynasty to Annan, Champa (now Vietnam) and Taiwan Province Province. On Hainan Island, there are three counties: Boer, Zhu Ya and Linzhen.
2. Yang Di conquered Korea for three consecutive years in the eighth year of Daye (AD 6 12), the ninth year of Daye (AD 6 13) and the tenth year of Daye (AD 6 14), and finally korean king surrendered.
3. "Send to Liaodong" was written by Sui, which is the source of ci. Among them, there is a saying that "the Qing Pavilion opens a knot in Maruko's water and returns to Luoyang Palace for a banquet", which is the Maruko's capital in Ji 'an today.
Seven, savage and dissolute past comments:
( 1)
Kill my father and seek my brother to usurp the throne. The mask is gone. Conspiracy pays more attention to fear of the heavy (note 1), and there is no other way.
? There is often a rule of telling the truth to admonish people and kill princes at a time (note 2). Cruel, willful and suspicious, this theory has been repeated for thousands of years.
? Note: 1 refers to Su Yang who conspired with him to kill Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty and helped him to usurp the throne.
? Emperor Yang Di once said, "I don't like other people's advice by nature. If they are dignitaries and want to gain fame by remonstrating, I will spare them. If it is an ordinary person, I can spare him some, but I will never let him have any promise. "The founding heroes Gao Ying, He Ruobi and Yu Wenbi were executed by Yang-ti for libel because they were dissatisfied with the extravagance of Yang-ti. 12 years (AD 6 16 years), regardless of the safety of the Sui Dynasty, visited Jiangdu again. Before leaving, Cui, a small official, went to the table to remonstrate and was killed. When he went to Xishui (now Xingyang County, Henan Province), Wang Airen, a small official, went to the table to remonstrate. He killed Wang Airen and moved on.
(2)
This law forced one million people to build rivers and Tianjin. It is inevitable that the total angle of hairpins will add up, which will add to the grave. (Note 3)
? Fifty thousand people were buried in one angry pit (note 4), and Qin was brutally defeated. Jiang was built to enjoy the scenery of Yangzhou, and the world is like a parrot.
? Note: 3. It took about/kloc-0.5 million workers to dig the Grand Canal. At that time, an average of nearly 20 workers were needed for each household. Even children and women aged 15 had to reach the river, and many migrant workers digging canals were exhausted in the river.
? It is said that a section of the river was dug very shallow, and Yang Guang ordered all the officials who dug this section and more than 50 thousand migrant workers to be tied up and buried alive on the shore.
(3)
The night my father died was still in spring, and my mother was in a mess (note 1). Lanling humiliated his sister and other animals (note 2), and his conscience was gone.
? The court folk customs were rampant, and women in Shandong also violated each other (Note 3). Book of Old Tang Dynasty and History of Sui Dynasty: Keep it in mind. Who cares about authenticity?
Note: 1, Dirty mother and disorderly human relations-On the night of Wendi's death, Emperor Yang Di embraced his father's wife, Mrs. Xuanhua.
2. Lan Ling humiliated his sister and other animals-this matter was mentioned in the old Tang book Biography of Li Mi. When Shi Mi listed Yang Di's top ten crimes, he mentioned that Yang Di raped his sister: the trip of animals is to get together, and there is a difference between inside and outside. But Princess Lanling was forced to end her fate. Who is the head-pressing saint? She saw Qi Xiang's shame. Caught by the first emperor, and a silver ring; Prince and daughter, salty gold house. Chickens crow at dawn, male pheasants fly in groups, clothes play the old dynasty, and shacks sleep in a shack. Titles are rewarded, women are honored, and public or public adultery is not repeated. So is the second crime. ...
The Book of Old Tang Dynasty was written by Liu Shao and others in the late Jin Dynasty, which is far from the time when Yang Di lived. The Book of Old Tang basically only copied the relevant documents of Tang Shi at that time, such as History of the Tang Dynasty, Records at the End of Tang Dynasty, Documents and Archives, etc. Due to the short editing time, there were many problems. People in the northern song dynasty once severely criticized the book of the old Tang dynasty: "history is impossible, details are lost, literary talent is unknown, and facts are scattered."
? 3. Sui Shu told Gao Jiong not to kill Zhang Lihua, the queen (Chen Shu said that Zhang Lihua was ordered to be killed).
(4)
Turkic Khitan, wars are frequent every year. Three Koryo companies were frustrated, and the smoke was full of souls.
? It is not only soldiers who are requisitioned, but also life and death. The heart of the minister and the anger of public opinion are exposed and inclined.
? Note: It was originally said that the peasant uprising was overthrown, but in fact it was a coup that killed the emperor.
?
Eight, now the reputation is ruined.
( 1)
A small stream flows from north to south, giving birth to thousands of businessmen and farmers. It is only because of greed and haste that people are cruel and criticized.
? If Sui Yan has fifty winters, he will see the river workers in the water transportation. We will set up an editorial ambassador in this dynasty, and whoever has a British name is the same!
(2)
Three times in Yangzhou, floating giant frogs (note 1), just to enjoy Qionghua? Make public national strength, make public folk music, why must it be shameful?
? People who are eager to get out can't get sympathy and go their own way. Although the original intention is good, it is difficult to play, and the world is notorious!
? (3)
The same is true of Emperor Taizong's son Yang Di, but his reputation is ruined but it is difficult to be made public. Destroying one's younger brother and harming one's father to usurp the throne can be divided into inferiority and worship?
? Mother and sister are filthy and lewd gods, and Yang-ti is dissolute. What's the difference between killing a nephew and stealing a sister-in-law? Who criticizes Shimin?
?
(4)
Take great pains to save your strength and taste the salary for the Lord's East Palace. Once a hero has bad blood, he won't frown.
? The corvee killed more than one million people. How many times have you heard of sympathy? Let the world criticize me, why not blame me!
?
(5)
When I was born, I was eliminated at birth. The beauty of literature and poetry, dare to boast: it is Confucianism beyond the world! (Note 2)
? Why ask "Is it feasible to conquer Luodu"? Go your own way, real man!
? (6)
It is hard to believe the merits and demerits of overthrowing the former dynasty (Note 3). Frankly speaking, Sima has never been here, so why blame Wei Zhi?
? Sui Shu and the Book of the Tang Dynasty (Note 4) were labeled as violent and obscene by later generations. Human justice is difficult to understand, and reputation should be evaluated.
? Note: 1, Floating Jucha River in Yangzhou, Three Gorges-Since August of the first year of Daye (AD 605), Yang Guang has made three cruises to Jiangdu through the Grand Canal. The big dragon boat he rides is 200 feet long and 45 feet high, with four floors up and down. The accompanying concubines, princes and monks and nuns took thousands of magnificent ships, end to end, stretching for more than 200 miles. There are more than 80,000 trackers pulling the boat, and there are cavalry escorts on both sides of the strait. The flag covers the sun and it is very lively. At night, the lights are bright and the drums are loud. Yang guang indulged in drinking and enjoyed the scenery on both sides of the strait.
? 2, just beyond the Confucian world-Emperor Yang Di thought he was brilliant and said to his courtiers, "People say I just inherited the legacy of the first emperor. In fact, even if I am more talented than a scholar-bureaucrat, I should be an emperor.
? It's hard to believe your own merits and demerits-Sui Shu is a history book co-edited by Li Shimin and Wei Zhi. Later generations think that this book deliberately belittles Yang Di and is unfair.
4. The Book of the Tang Dynasty refers to the old book of the Tang Dynasty, formerly known as the Book of the Tang Dynasty.
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