Boating in Guazhou is a seven-character quatrain written by Wang Anshi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. The first sentence in the poem reveals a relaxed and happy mood by writing that the distance between Jingkou and Guazhou is short and the speed of the ship is fast. In the second sentence, the poet looks back at Zhongshan where he lives and is reluctant to part; The third sentence describes the Jiangnan scenery full of spring; Finally, I ended in a questioning tone, emphasizing my yearning for my hometown again. The whole poem is lyrical both in scenery and narrative, with an open realm and fresh style. ?
Name of the work
Berthing Guazhou
author
Wang Anshi
Year of creation
Northern Song Dynasty
Source of works
Linchuan collection
Types of works
Seven-syllable/seven-syllable quatrain
original work
Wang Anshi's Song in Guazhou
Jingkou and Guazhou are just separated by a water, and Zhongshan has only a few heavy green mountains.
The gentle spring breeze turns green again, but, moon in the sky, when can you take me home? ?
Annotation translation
Sentence annotation
Berthing (bó) ship: Stop the ship. Berthing: Berthing refers to berthing and landing.
Jingkou: the name of the ancient city, so the address is in Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province.
Guazhou: The town name is located in the north bank of the Yangtze River and the southern suburb of Yangzhou, which is on the Yangtze River in the south of Yangzhou today. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal branches into the river here.
Yishuifang: refers to the space between Yishui. Yishui: a river. The ancients called the Yellow River "River" and the Yangtze River "River", such as Rushui, Hanshui, Zheshui, Xiangshui and Lishui. "Yishui" here refers to the Yangtze River.
Zhongshan: Purple Mountain in Nanjing today.
Green: blow green, blow green.
And: back. ?
Vernacular translation
Standing at Guazhou Ferry, looking south, there is only one Yangtze River between Jingkou and Guazhou, and Zhongshan, where I live, is hidden behind several mountains.
The warm spring breeze once again blew the fields in the south of the Yangtze River green. When will the bright moon shine on me and return to my home at the foot of Zhongshan Mountain? ?
Creation background
edit
Boarding in Guazhou was written in Wang Anshi's later period, but the exact time of writing has long been controversial. There are three main opinions: ① In the first year of Xining, Song Shenzong (1068), Wang Anshi was called to Beijing as a bachelor of Hanlin, and he was formed through Guazhou; ② In the seventh year of Zong Xining (1074), Wang Anshi made his first attack when he returned to Jinling from Beijing and passed through Guazhou; (3) In the eighth year of 3)Xi Ning (1075), Wang Anshi visited China for the second time, entering Beijing from Jiangning and passing through Guazhou. ?
Guazhou boating calligraphy works
Please click to enter a picture description.
works appreciation
Literary appreciation
The whole poem is entitled "Boating in Guazhou", which points out the poet's foothold.
The first sentence "Guazhou in Jingkou is a water room" describes the scenery in front of us. The poet stood at Guazhou Ferry and looked south. He saw that Jingkou and Guazhou on the south bank were so close, separated by a river. The word "one water sword" describes the rapid and instantaneous arrival of a ship.
The second sentence, "Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains", wrote his review of Zhongshan with nostalgia. Wang Anshi settled in Jiangning with his father Wang Yi in the fourth year of Jing You (1037), and Jiangning has since become his resting place. After the first strike, he lived in Zhongshan, Jiangning The word "only separated" is very close to Zhongshan. It is very common to say that the interval between several mountain knives reflects the poet's deep attachment to Zhongshan. In fact, after all, Zhongshan was blocked by "several mountains", so the poet's sight turned to the river.
The third sentence, "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan", depicts the beautiful spring scenery along the river bank and places the poet's mighty feelings. Among them, the word "green" is carefully selected and very expressive. This is because:
First, the first four words are only for the flow of the wind itself, and they are attached with bones to describe the invisible spring breeze, which still appears abstract and lacks individuality; The word "green" opens up a new layer. Considering the wonderful effect after the spring breeze blows, the invisible spring breeze is transformed into a clear visual image-the spring breeze blows, the grass grows, and it is a new green along the river. This shows the spirit of the spring breeze, and this poetry is much deeper.
Second, the vibrant scenery described in this sentence is in line with the joy of the poet being recalled to Beijing. The word "spring breeze" is both realistic and political. "Spring breeze" actually refers to the emperor's grace. Song Shenzong wrote a letter to restore Wang Anshi's phase, indicating his determination to implement the new law. In this respect, the poet is delighted. He hopes to warm the spring breeze, dispel the cold current of politics and create a new situation of political reform. This kind of mood, expressed by the word "green", is the most subtle and subtle.
Thirdly, the word "green" also reveals the poet's inner contradiction, which is the theme of this poem. In view of the sharp and complicated political struggle of the imperial court on the eve of the first ousting of a hundred schools of thought and the exclusive respect for Confucianism, he had to have serious worries about it. His political ideal is to reform the country and make it strong, and hope for peace and harmony; It is his ideal life to live in seclusion in the mountains and sing about his family. Because of his strong resistance to political reform, he himself was fiercely attacked by the opposition. The beautiful Zhongshan and the quiet mountain forest attracted him deeply. This sentence is secretly integrated into the poems of predecessors, expressing the author's desire to resign and go home as soon as possible. This desire was not revealed until the end of the sentence.
Summarize "When will the bright moon shine on me?" In terms of time, it is already night. The poet looked back for a long time, unaware that the red sun was setting in the west and the bright moon was rising. Although the scenery on the other side disappeared in the dim moonlight, the attachment to Zhongshan deepened. He believed that he would jump into the old forest one day, so he expressed this idea in a rhetorical way at last.
The description of the scenery at the beginning of the poem is not only a metaphor, but also an exaggeration, which forms a strong contrast between the proximity of space and the length of time, which almost leads to the emotional generation of "when the moon shines on me" at the end, which is likely to be broken at first. ?
Famous comments
Xu Yi's Yanzhou Poems in Southern Song Dynasty: Being detached from Miron, Being able to chase Du Li and Xie Tao.
Modern writer Qian Zhongshu's Notes on Selected Poems of Song Dynasty: This sentence (Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan) is also a famous example of Wang Anshi's emphasis on rhetoric.
The word "green" in Selected Ancient Poems by modern educator Cheng vividly describes the greening effect on plants, but it is not as good as the word "green between sand and sand" in Sending Hefu to Long 'an because of drizzle. Because in that sentence, spring breeze and green are two different things after all, and the poem says that Jiang Nanan turned green because of spring breeze. This is similar to He's "Singing Willow", "I don't know who cut the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors". But this sentence thinks that it is not the spring breeze that makes grass and water green, but the spring breeze itself is green, so wherever it blows, the sand next to the water will be everywhere, not green. Spring breeze is colored and dyeable, which is the poet's contribution.
Modern poet Cang Kejia's Collection of Appreciation of Cang Kejia's Classical Poetry and Prose: the word "green" gives people a vivid feeling visually and arouses endless interest in spring in people's hearts; But I think it is too exposed, which limits the rich connotation of spring and stifles the readers' broad and beautiful imagination. If you use "to" or "to" instead of "green", it will be more subtle. ?
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Anshi (1021-1086) was born in Linchuan (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi) in the Northern Song Dynasty. Scholars in Qing dynasty. Song Renzong spent three years in Jiayou (1058), wrote thousands of books and advocated political reform. In the fourth year of Zhiping (1067), Song Shenzong acceded to the throne, knowing jiangning house (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), and was called a bachelor of Hanlin. In the second year of Xining (1069), he was ordered to participate in politics. In the third year of Xining (1070), he served as a member of the same school twice and actively promoted the new law. In the ninth year of Xining (1076), he retired to Jiangning after the strike. Feng Jingguo, known to the world as "Wen", is also known as "Wang Wengong". It is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Author of Linchuan Collection. ?
Work-related
When Wang Anshi wrote this poem, he changed the word "green" in "green" by more than a dozen words, and finally named it "green". Hong Mai in the Southern Song Dynasty recorded this in Volume 8 of Rong Zhai Xu:
Wang Jueju said, "Guazhou is separated from Jingkou by water, while Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains. The spring breeze is green in Jiang Nanan. When will the bright moon shine on me? " Sergeant Wu Jia hid his grass, and Yunchu "went again". Circle the word "to" and change the word "bad" to "excessive", to "present" and to "full". If it is ten words, it is designated as "green".
Because of this record, it was widely praised by later generations, and the use of the word "Qing" became an example in the history of ancient China literature.