Ye Fan (398-445), a native of Yang Shun (now Xichuan, Nanyang, Henan), was a historian and writer in the Southern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty.
Ye Fan was born into a noble family. In the second year of Yuanxi (420), Liu proclaimed himself emperor, recruited as an official, and served as the champion general and secretary of Liu Yikang. In the ninth year of Yuanjia (432), he was demoted as the satrap of Xuancheng for offending Liu Yikang, and wrote the Book of the Later Han Dynasty during his tenure. In the 17th year of Yuanjia (440), Ye Fan took refuge in Liu Jun, the king of Shixing, and served as the commander of the army, the prefect of Nanjun and Prince Zhan. In the 22nd year of Yuanjia (445), he was punished for participating in Liu Yikang's rebellion at the age of 48.
Ye Fan is brilliant and has made outstanding achievements in history. His Book of the Later Han Dynasty is rigorous in structure and rich in words. It is also called "the first four histories" with Historical Records, History of the Han Dynasty and History of the Three Kingdoms.
Early experience
Ye Fan was born into a noble family (in Yang Shunfan's family). His great-grandfather Fan Wangshi was from the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and he was a general in Anbei. He is the author of "The Great Events of Shangshu" and "Fan Dongyang Fang". , into Xing Wu County Hou, spread in his uncle Fan Hongzhi; Grandfather Fan Ning successively served as the satrap of Linhuai and the satrap of Zhang Yu. He introduced Ye Fan, a master of Confucian classics in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and wrote Liang Jichuan's Collection in the Spring and Autumn Period. Father Fan Taishi was promoted to assistant minister of Zhongshu. Later, he was trusted by Emperor Wu of Song and was promoted repeatedly. He also has 24 volumes of Good Words in Ancient and Modern Times. [ 1]
Ye Fan is famous, but because he is the illegitimate child of my concubine, his position is not high. [2] It is said that Ye Fan was born when his mother went to the toilet. Because his forehead was broken by a brick, he got the nickname "brick". After Ye Fan was born, because his uncle had no children, he was adopted to Fan Hongzhi, so he was knighted and named the fifth marquis of Xing Wu County. [3-4]
Ye Fan likes reading since he was a child. When I was a child, I read books at home, wrote well, wrote official script, and was familiar with the melody. In the tenth year of Yixi (4 14), the county was recruited as the master book, which was rejected by Ye Fan. In the second year of Yuanxi (420), Emperor Wu of Song proclaimed himself the emperor, was recruited as an official, was appointed as the top general of Liu Yikang, and was later transferred to Secretary Cheng, leaving his post due to his father's funeral. In the seventh year of Yuanjia (430), when Ye Fan's mourning period expired, he was appointed as the general Tandaoji Sima and the magistrate of Xincai. When the Northern Wei Xianbei Army besieged Qingzhou, Tan Daoji was ordered to get out of the way, and Ye Fan went to the Northern Expedition with the army and was promoted to Shangshu. [5]
Shi Shili said
In the winter of the ninth year of Yuanjia (432), Liu Yikang's mother Wang died of illness. On the night of burial, Liu Yikang called colleagues and old friends to arrange the funeral and met in Dongfu. When Ye Fan's younger brother Fan Guangyuan invited Situfu to drink, Ye Fan, Wang Shen and Wang Guang drank in Fan Guangyuan and opened the north window to enjoy the elegy. Liu Yikang was furious and made Ye Fan the satrap of Xuancheng. [6]
Ye Fan was demoted and frustrated, so during his tenure, he sorted out all kinds of historical books about the later Han Dynasty and began to compile the history of the later Han Dynasty in an attempt to relieve his pain. By studying historical events, Ye Fan broadened his horizons. With his personal understanding and enthusiasm for historical issues, Ye Fan finally wrote his famous historical book "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty". The book of the later Han Dynasty is concise and vivid. After the book was completed, it replaced the previous Book of the Later Han Dynasty. [7-8]
Lonely and indifferent
In the 15th year of Yuanjia (438), Ye Fan was appointed as the commander of Liu Yixin Town, the king of Changsha, and was appointed as the general of Ningshuo. The following year, my mother (father Fan) died. According to etiquette, she should go to the funeral immediately, but she took a long time to leave because of illness, and also brought a prostitute and concubine. In the proposal, Liu Cheng reported a series of etiquette violations in Ye Fan. Song Wendi appreciated Ye Fan's talent and didn't punish him. [9]
In the 17th year of Yuanjia (440), when the mourning period ended, Ye Fan took refuge in Wang Xing Liu Jun and became the commander of the army and the magistrate of Pi in the south. After Liu Jun was appointed as the secretariat of Yangzhou, he entrusted Ye Fan to handle all affairs, regardless of politics. Therefore, his official career was smooth sailing, and he was soon promoted to general and Prince Zhan. [ 10]
Ye Fan is versatile. Besides being knowledgeable and good at writing, he is also proficient in music and calligraphy. However, Ye Fan is proud and unruly and refuses to please everyone. He plays the pipa very well and can write new songs. Song Wendi wanted to hear, and hinted again and again. Ye Fan pretended not to know and refused to play this piece for the emperor. Once, Emperor Wendi gave a banquet in honor of the minister and said to him, "I want to sing, please play the piano for me." Ye Fan had to follow orders. As soon as Deng Wendi's music was over, Ye Fan immediately stopped playing and refused to play another piece. [ 1 1]
Ye Fan was sincere to his colleagues, although he didn't cater to the emperor. At that time, Shen was a right-back general, and (General Zuo Wei) was forbidden to travel. They kept it a secret. Every time he appeared before the emperor, if Fan Ye arrived first, he would wait for the arrival of Shen Yan, but Shen Yan never got used to waiting for Ye Fan when he entered the DPRK. Ye Fan, who is not mysterious, wrote Lotus Fragrance Square to mock them. According to the characteristics of colleagues, Ye Fan compared Yu Bing to musk, Shen Yan to jujube paste and so on, while Ye Fan used "Shen Yihe" as a metaphor. After the publication of Lotus Fragrance Square, Ye Fan was even more difficult for his colleagues to accept. [ 12]
Summon disaster
In the 17th year of Yuanjia (440), Song Wendi became suspicious because Liu Yikang, the king of Pengcheng, was in power for a long time and his power was increasing day by day. As a result, Liu Yikang was removed from the post of Zaifu on charges of "joining the Party and conspiring with the group" and was demoted to Jiangzhou Secretariat. Because of Liu Yikang's kindness to his father, Kong Xixian contacted the courtiers, plotted rebellion, and made Liu Yikang emperor. [ 13]
Ye Fan, who was famous for his mastery of the imperial army and served as an official under Liu Yikang for many years, became the first object of Kong Xixian's attention when he snared his henchmen. Kong Xixian first made friends with Ye Fan's nephew Xie Zong. General Xie thanked Kong Xixian and introduced him to Ye Fan. [14] After knowing Ye Fan, Kong Xixian devoted himself to serving Ye Fan, wooing Ye Fan to gamble and deliberately losing money. Ye Fan loves money and appreciates Kong Xixian's talent, so their relationship is getting better and better. [15] When Kong Xixian saw that the time was ripe, he tried to encourage Ye Fan to join the rebellion, but Ye Fan refused. Kong Xixian used the imperial court's refusal to marry to provoke each other, and Liu Yikang apologized to Fan Yepin for Xuancheng's demotion [16- 17]. Ye Fan finally joined and decided to rebel against the imperial court. [ 18]
The whole story of rebellion
Kong Xixian was proficient in astronomy, so he sent a nun to preach the Jiangzhou Emperor (that is, Jiangzhou secretariat Liu Yikang) [19-20]; In order to increase the success rate of the rebellion, Kong Xixian ordered the monk to change his name to Sun, joined Zangjun in Ningyuan [2 1-22], and contacted (Fajing's brother-in-law, then a captain in Taicheng, was on duty in the palace), thinking that he should be on duty. [23] Kong Xixian colluded with the general Shi Zhong Chengzu [24], and Zhong told Danyang Yin about the rebellion plan. [25]
Xu Zhanzhi told Ye Fan that Zangzhi was very much in favor of their actions and would definitely invite Xiao Si to take the case together. Don't worry about not having enough troops, just wait for its time to come. [26] So they set up official positions for each other: Xu Zhanzhi was the general of Fujun and the secretariat of Yangzhou, Ye Fan was the general and the secretariat of South Xuzhou, and Kong Xixian was the right-back general. Anyone they have always hated, or who is not attached to Liu Yikang, make another copy, so that these people can be executed. [27]
Seeing that things were going well, Kong Xixian ordered his younger brother Kong Xiuxian to draft a campaign and asked Ye Fan to draft a coup declaration. Therefore, Ye Fan wrote a letter to Xu Zhanzhi in the name of Liu Yikang, encouraging all ministries to "make concerted efforts to eliminate the traitors, strive to be the founding fathers of entrepreneurship, and create the Song Dynasty again".
In September of the 22nd year of Yuanjia (445), Liu Yiji, the general of the Northern Expedition, and Liu Shuo, the general of Right Nanping, took up their posts in the border town. Ye Fan and others agreed to do something on this day, but the coup failed to take place as scheduled because there was no appointment.
Mourn sb.' s death
In November of the 22nd year of Yuanjia (445), Wendi was dismissed from his post in Xu Zhan, Ye Fan was accused as the mastermind of the coup, and the list of people involved in the coup, relevant letters and evidence were exposed. Emperor Wen immediately ordered "arrest immediately and be poor according to law". [3 1] In the evening, Wendi sent someone to secretly arrest Xie Zong and Kong Xixian, and called courtiers to gather in the East Pavilion to ask why Ye Fan rebelled. Ye Fan was frightened in his haste, and he quickly denied it. Emperor Wen informed him that General Manager Xie, Xu Zhanzhi and Kong Xixian had confessed and presented the letter evidence. Ye Fan later admitted the fact of rebellion and said that he was "guilty of failing the country and willing to be executed."
The next day, Ye Fan was sent to prison and asked where Xu Zhanzhi was being held, only to learn that the informant was Xu Zhanzhi. Therefore, Ye Fan claimed to be ill and asked to change the prison so that he could meet Xie Zong and others next door. Ye Fan told them that the informant was Xu Zhanzhi, and made a poem lamenting: "Knowing in life, there is no knowledge in painting; It's ugly. It's not true. "After Ye Fan went to prison, he thought he would be executed immediately. Unexpectedly, because Wendi traced the case, there was no result for more than 20 days, thinking that there was still hope of survival. Kong Xixian laughed at Ye Fan's fear of death, and Ye Fan said regretfully, "What a pity! Full of economy, buried here. "
/kloc-in February, 48-year-old Ye Fan was taken to the execution ground. His sons, Fan Ai and Fan, were all implicated, but only his grandson, Fan Lulian, survived.