Great social changes in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties enriched the connotation of literature.
The literature of this period has the characteristics of connecting the preceding with the following.
Poetry has completed the transition from four-character poems, five-character poems, Sao-style poems to seven-character poems, and a number of outstanding poets have emerged.
2. Jian 'an Literature
① During the Jian 'an period, poets represented by Cao Cao and his son created poems and fu according to their own experiences, which was called "Jian 'an Literature" in history.
② The representative works of Jian 'an literature include Cao Cao's Journey to the Broken Arm, Wang Shen's Seven Wounded Poems and Cai Wenji's Mourning for the Past.
3. Tao Yuanming and pastoral poetry
Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, yearned for rural life and wrote many pastoral poems with fresh and natural content and simple and quiet style all his life.
His "Returning to the Garden" and "Poems of Peach Blossom Garden" are particularly famous.
4. Landscape poetry
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, landscape poetry began to flourish.
Xie Lingyun's Climbing the Pool Up the stairs is a masterpiece of landscape literature.
The representative work of Bao Zhao, who was contemporary with Xie Lingyun, was Quasi-Difficult Travel, which had a great influence on later generations.
5. Folk songs of Southern and Northern Dynasties
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, a new kind of Yuefu poetry, namely folk songs, was very popular.
(2) The representative works of southern folk songs include "The Degree of Mulberry Picking", etc.
The most famous northern folk songs are Chile Song and Mulan Ci.
Fifth, the shining art.
1. The Formation and Development of Calligraphy Art
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, calligraphy became an art, and the famous scholar Cai Yong was a famous calligrapher at that time.
Zhong You of Cao Wei began to change the font from official script to regular script, which was the progress of China's calligraphy.
③ Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was praised as a "book saint" by the world. His representative works include Preface to Lanting and Huang Ting Classic. His son Wang Xianzhi and Wang Xizhi are called "two kings".
(4) Wei Shuo, a female calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was called Mrs. Wei. She learned her true story from Zhong You. Wang Xizhi studied calligraphy from Mrs. Wei. Wang Xizhi's wife Long Long is also a calligrapher.
⑤ Because the epitaph art of the Northern Wei Dynasty is the most representative, people used to call this calligraphy style "Weibei". Twenty products of Longmen is a masterpiece of calligraphy art in Weibei.