Write a scientific paper about fans.

The folding fan actually originated in Japan, and its manufacturing inspiration comes from the opening and closing of bat wings. During the Northern Song Dynasty, folding fans were introduced into China as a tribute, but they were not widely used. By the Ming and Qing dynasties, it had been quite prosperous. Easy to carry and comfortable, it has become the apple of the eye of literati. Fan bones are made of precious materials such as ivory, tortoise shell and sandalwood. Fan is divided into three types: sprinkling gold, mixing gold, beating gold and painting incense. Some also ask skilled craftsmen to carve carefully on the surface of the fan bone, making it a precious work of art, and the price of a fan is worth hundreds of gold. The folding fan is semicircular, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, radiating all around, so it has unique charm in composition, brushwork and image. In the Northern Song Dynasty, poems and paintings were written on folding fans. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, intellectuals like to dance on the fan, which makes the fan painting and calligraphy art shine brilliantly in China, with a wide range of themes and diverse styles. Although the written fan is not large in scale, it has become a special artistic variety in China's paintings, with flowers, birds, insects and fish, beautiful women in mountains and rivers, stories of characters and diverse shapes.

Fans are people's daily necessities and decorations. Because it is cheap, convenient and practical, it is deeply loved by people. Fans are divided into folding fans, bamboo fans, silk fans, feather fans, sunflower fans and grass fans. In addition to practicality, as a work of art, it combines a variety of technological skills such as weaving, sculpture, calligraphy and painting, embroidery, etc., and can also be used as props for performing arts such as opera, dance and Quyi. Sometimes it can even be used as a status symbol. The image of Jigong Living Buddha circulating among the people in China is very popular. He was wearing a tattered hat, dressed in rags and holding a tattered cattail fan in his hand. He is crazy, but he loves to help others and is a well-known legend. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang, a wise, resourceful and charming Shu minister, helped Liu Bei establish a dominant position. Every time he wears a black silk scarf, the feather fan always stays in his hand, which becomes a symbol of his identity and wisdom. Because fans have been handed down from generation to generation, there are countless related legends and anecdotes. According to legend, Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once met an old woman who sold fans. She was worried that her fans were unsalable, and Wang Xizhi improvised an inscription for her, which made the old lady's fans sell well and became a story for a while.