Ying Zhan (274-September 8, 326), whose courtesy name was Siyuan. A native of Nandun County, Runan County (now Xiangcheng, Henan Province). A general and calligrapher during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he was the grandson of Ying Xu, the minister of Cao Wei.
Ying Zhan was initially appointed by the government to move to the crown prince. He successively served as a staff member of King Sima Lun of Zhao and Sima Ying of Chengdu. He was also invited by his uncle Liu Hong to serve as the general of Zhennan. When he moved to Nanping to be the prefect, he was very popular among the people. Once, Tao Kan broke up Du Tao in Changsha and took away nothing but books, gold, silver and jewels. Later, he was worshiped as General Jianwu by King Sima Rui of Langya (Emperor Yuan of Jin Dynasty). He also supervised the military affairs of the five counties of Badong and was given the title of Marquis of Yingyang Township. Then he was transferred to the governor of Yizhou, paid homage to the general of the rear army, went out to supplement the domestic history of Wu, and was dismissed on official business. Later, he was invited by Liu Wei to be the military commander of Zhenbei General, and he was added as a regular attendant of Sanqi and moved to Guangluxun. When General Wang Dun attacked Jiankang, Emperor Ming of Jin appointed Ying Zhan as the commander-in-chief of the vanguard military, the general who protected the army, and the commander-in-chief of Jiajie. After Wang Dun's rebellion was settled, he was granted the title of Marquis of Guanyang County due to his meritorious service, and served as envoy Chijie, governor of Jiangzhou's military affairs, general of Pingnan, and governor of Jiangzhou. In the first year of Xianhe (326), Ying Zhan died at the age of fifty-three. He was awarded the title of General Zhennan and the Third Division of Yitong, and was given the posthumous title "Lie".
Ying Zhanyou's collected works were in three volumes (one volume in five volumes), which has been lost today. Ying Zhangong's calligraphy is true, straightforward and natural. He is good at Zhangcao and has a profound understanding of Ligusticum.
Overview Image source: Basic introduction Real name: Ying Zhan Nicknames: Ying Zhennan, Zhan Siyuan Font size: Zi Siyuan Era: Jin Dynasty Ethnic group: Han Place of birth: Nandun County, Runan County Date of birth: 274 Time of death: September 8, 326. Main works: Three volumes of collected works (five volumes in one work), "Qing Jia Tie" Main achievements: Defeat Du Tao, subdue Ximan, participate in Ping Wangdun's rebellion Official positions: Envoy Chijie, Ping Ping Titles of General Nan, Governor of Jiangzhou, etc.: Posthumously awarded by the Marquis of Guanyang County: General Zhennan, and the Third Division of Yitong. Posthumous title: Martyr's life, quality and elegance, assisting in managing Jingnan, stabilizing the county, winning the hearts of the people, serving as a minister of political affairs, and helping peace Wang Dun, came out of Zhenjiangzhou, character evaluation, personal works, anecdotes and allusions, relatives, great ancestors, great ancestors, grandfathers, fathers, descendants, historical records, memorials for later generations, Liuhe Pagoda, Ying Zhan's tomb, the quality of the characters' lives, Hongya Ying Zhan (mistaken as Zhan Siyuan in "Xuanhe Shupu") became an orphan when he was young and was raised by his grandmother. When Ying Zhan was a teenager, his grandmother passed away. During the mourning period, his body was haggard and sad, and he needed a stick to stand up, so he became famous for his filial piety. Ying Zhan's family was very wealthy, but he was still young, so he invited his tribesmen to live with him and handed over his property to them, just like he would do to his close relatives. Everyone in the world was surprised that he was different. He was already famous when he was young. His character was generous and upright. Although others often offended him, he did not care about them and was praised for studying articles. After seeing him, Situ Heshao said: "This man is a gentleman!" He was initially recruited by the government and served as the prince's minister. He was appointed by King Sima Lun of Zhao as Commander-in-Chief of the Eastern Campaign. After Sima Lun was executed, Ying Zhan was also implicated and dismissed. He was also appointed as a vassal by Sima Ying, king of Chengdu. At that time, Zhuge Mei, a lieutenant in charge of General Hussar, deserted Sima Yi, the king of Changsha, and went to Ye to join Sima Ying, talking about Sima Yi's faults. Zhuge Mei was impetuous and able to argue, and all the scholars in Linzhang joined him. Ying Zhan and Zhuge Mei were old friends. He sighed: "Zhuge Chenglin, how can he be as disloyal as Le Yi!" After all, he did not see him. Zhuge Mei was very ashamed after hearing this. Liu Hong, the assistant general of Jingnan Zhennan, was Yingzhan's uncle. He asked him to be his chief historian and said to him: "You have great and far-reaching knowledge. You should succeed me in the Jingnan area in the future." Then he entrusted him with the task. Military and political events. Liu Hong's achievements in Hannan are due to Ying Zhan. Later he was transferred to Nanping Prefecture. In the second year of Yongxing (305), Chen Min rebelled and wanted to lead his troops to the west. Liu Hong awarded the post of Nanman Colonel to Jiang Chao, the former Lieutenant Commander of the Northern Army. He personally led Tao Kan, Miao Guang and others to camp in Xiakou. He Song was also sent to command the troops from Jianping, Yidu, and Xiangyang counties to garrison in Badong, and he was the successor of Luo Shang, the governor of Yizhou. In addition, Ying Zhan was appointed as General Ningyuan, supervising the navy of the three counties, and serving as Jiang Chao's back-up. Stable County Territory When Wang Cheng was appointed governor of Jingzhou, he temporarily ordered Ying Zhan to supervise the military affairs of Nanping, Tianmen and Wuling counties. When Luoyang was captured by Liu Yao, Ying Zhan rolled up his sleeves and cried bitterly, and persuaded Wang Cheng to send troops to support him. Wang Cheng asked Ying Zhan to write a declaration of war. , but ultimately did not go to the rescue.
At this time, the ethnic minorities in Tianmen and Wuling rebelled one after another, and Ying Zhan led an army to conquer them. At that time, the government orders were inconsistent, and the ethnic minorities were dissatisfied. The Japanese conspired to launch a rebellion. Ying Zhan summoned their leaders and broke the copper scroll to make an alliance with them. The local barbarians all obeyed Zhan and many counties gained peace. . At that time, the world was in chaos, and only Ying Zhan's rule could maintain stability. The common people wrote songs to praise him, saying: "Chaos and separation are widespread, and they are almost reduced to ashes and decay. By luck, Lai Zi will come back. He will not wither in the cold years, and he will stay alone. Save me from the charcoal, and benefit the hills and mountains. Run the same river and sea, and be as kind as my parents." ." After winning the hearts of the people, General Shan Jian temporarily ordered Ying Zhan to supervise the military affairs of the five counties. At that time, Du Tao's uprising broke out. Du Tao's army attacked the county under Ying Zhan's rule, and Ying Zhan led his troops to defeat it. Soon after, he teamed up with Tao Kan to defeat Du Tao in Changsha and intercepted countless gold and silver treasures. Ying Zhan took nothing and only organized the books, which everyone admired. Sima Rui, King of Langya, appointed Ying Zhan as General Jianwu. Wang Dun also recommended Ying Zhan to supervise the military affairs of the five counties of Badong and granted him the title of Marquis of Yingyang Township. Wang Chong, a native of Chen County, occupied Jingzhou. He had always admired Ying Zhan's reputation and wanted to invite him to serve as governor. Ying Zhan thought Wang Chong had no talent and refused to accept it, so he returned to Nanping. Wang Chong was not angry. He was so popular. Ying Zhan later moved to be the governor of Yizhou and also led the Badong army. When he left Nanping, the common people pulled their carts and cried to prevent him from leaving, as if they were nostalgic for their own relatives. Not long after he was appointed to the Chen Dynasty, he was appointed as the general of the rear army. Ying Zhan made suggestions on the current affairs. He believed that "after the great famine, when the system is reformed, it is appropriate to rectify the constitution and rectify the constitution. If Sheng De Yuan Gong is the first to be crowned, then the world will be holy." "Zhihua Bilong Tang Yu" also said: "Since the Yuankang period (291-299), classics have been despised, Taoism has been respected, Xuanxu Hongfang has been regarded as Pingda, and Confucianism and Qing frugality have been regarded as vulgar. Now, Confucian officials should be respected and rewarded to reform customs and education." Sima Rui valued his talents and fully adopted his opinions. Soon after, he was appointed as the domestic history of Wu, but was dismissed due to official business. When Liu Wei, the general of Zhenbei, left Hefei, he appointed Ying Zhan as the military commander of General Zhenbei. He was also given the post of regular attendant of casual cavalry. After many promotions, he was promoted to Guang Luxun. Because Wang Dun was autocratic and established prestige everywhere, Ying Zhan only "played satire" during his tenure and did not express his own inclination. Helping Wang Dun to Peace When Wang Dun ordered Wang Han and others to lead his army to approach Jiankang, Sima Shao, Emperor Ming of Jin Dynasty, asked Ying Zhan for advice. Ying Zhan said with a serious expression and emotion: "Your Majesty should show the majesty of the king, and the ministers should be fully armed as the vanguard, hoping to rely on the spirit of the ancestral temple to win without a fight. If not, the royal family will be in danger." Emperor Ming appointed Ying Zhan as the governor. The vanguard military, the guard general, Jiajie, and the commander-in-chief south of Zhuque Bridge. The rebels crossed the river from Zhuge, and Ying Zhan and Jianwei general Zhao Yin led their troops to defeat them. They killed the rebel general Du Fa and beheaded thousands of people. In the second year of Taining (324), after Wang Dun's rebellion was settled, Ying Zhan was granted the title of Marquis of Guanyang County, with a settlement of 1,600 households and 5,000 bolts of silk. Ying Zhan Shangshu declined, but Emperor Ming refused. He left Zhenjiangzhou in October of the second year of Taining (324), and was appointed envoy Chijie, governor of all military affairs in Jiangzhou, general Pingnan, and governor of Jiangzhou. When Ying Zhan was about to leave the town, Shangshu believed that talents should be appointed and assigned officials to inspect the county and report lawlessness. He also suggested that the old demotion system should be strictly implemented, and also put forward some local suggestions. At that time, the chaos in Wangdun had just ended, and people were not at peace. Yingzhan comforted Huairou, and everyone was convinced, and the people relied on him. Ying Zhan passed away on July 25 (September 8) in the first year of Xianhe (326 years) at the age of fifty-three. He was posthumously awarded the title of General Zhennan and the Third Division of Yitong. He was given the posthumous title of "Lie" and was worshiped with Tailao ceremony. When he was dying, he still did not forget his country and wrote to Tao Kan, hoping that Tao Kan could "do his best to save this dynasty and repay his kindness to his young master." Character evaluation: The common people's song goes: Chaos and separation are common, and they will almost become ashes and decay. By a stroke of luck, Reitz responded. It never withers in the cold weather, and stays alone in the solitude. Save me from the charcoal and bring prosperity to Qiufu. Run the same river and sea, and be as kind as your parents. He Shao: A gentleman is as good as a human being! Liu Hong: The emperor has a profound knowledge of weapons, and his successor is Lao Tzu in Jingnan. Wang Yin: He was a man of great stature, and he was decorated with literary talents. Dou Xie: If you think far away, the draft will be unsolved and the pen and ink will be absent. He is sincere and natural, and rarely forgets his emotions. Just like a flock of birds flying across a Guangsha building, a small fish is playing in the sea. Fang Xuanling: ① If Ying Zhan is well-educated in the industry and has sufficient literature and history, he will be able to make many good plans when he is in the position; ② Zhuo Lin served in the south and Zhan came to Xizhou. Government and punishment should be restrained, and power and benefit should be cultivated at the same time. It should be said that the fortune will be accelerated, and it will be willing to die if there is doubt. Fan Chengda: simple and elegant in nature, known for his academic writings. Personal Works Ying Zhan specializes in calligraphy, and his calligraphy is honest and natural. He is good at Zhangcao and has a profound understanding of Ligusticum.
"Xuanhe Shupu" calls his calligraphy "the cursive characters are fat, with straight and slanted characters, just like the people of Jin Dynasty. People who comment on calligraphy in the world are often sick of fat and thin, but they don't know that the disease of obesity lies in leftover meat, and the disease of thinness lies in exposed bones. Fatness If there is no flesh left and no bones are exposed, it will not interfere with the good place from the beginning. If you think of it as a layman, it will be fat; it will be sick if you are thin. This is why the ancients described it as a teacher. Either you can get the bones, or you can get the flesh. If you don't hear it, the person who is the best has good ears. For example, if you think far away, the words may be fat but the spirit is ancient, and the book may be chapters but the method is complete. The so-called scholar who has the flesh is good at speaking. Ancient times, there are many authors!" It is included in the "Qing Jia Tie". Ying Zhan has five volumes of collected works (five volumes in "Sui Shu·Jing Ji Zhi" and three volumes in "Tang Shu Jing Ji Zhi"), and three volumes of "Miannan Stories" ("Sui Shu·Jing Ji Zhi"). "Complete Jinwen" includes "Shangshuo to invite Xingfu agricultural officials", "Shangshu Chen Jianyuan", "Shangshu let the king of Guanyang be granted the title", "Shangshu before leaving Jiangzhou", "Qi Cheng Du Tao's book" "Comments to the Emperor", "Recommend Wei Hong to Emperor Yuan", "Ji Du and Tao Kan's Book". Anecdotes: During the Yongjia Rebellion, all the relatives of Wei Hong, a native of Jingzhao, died of famine. Wei Hong came to Luoyang from a foreign land. He had heard of Ying Zhan's reputation for a long time, so he came to join Ying Zhan. Ying Zhan shares the joys and sorrows with him and is a brother. Wei Hong followed Ying Zhan for several years. Ying Zhan found a wife for him, built a residence for him, and recommended him to Emperor Yuan. Emperor Yuan immediately appointed Wei Hong. From then on, Wei Hong's official position was at least the minister of government. Wei Hong was favored by Ying Zhan to support his life and recommend him as an official. After Ying Zhan passed away, Wei Hong immediately made mourning clothes made by his friend. He did not stop crying until there was new grass on the tomb, reminiscing about the ancient Zhao family's sacrifices to Cheng Ying and others. The righteousness of the pestle and mortar should be sacrificed to Yingzhan for life. Relative members Gaozu Yingfeng, courtesy name Shishu, was an official to Sili Xiaowei. Great-grandfather Ying Xun, also named Ji Yu, served as Sikong Peng. Grandfather Yingzhu, named Xiulian, was an official in the imperial court. Father Yingxiu Descendants Yingzhan had two sons: Yingxuan, hereditary Yingzhan Marquis of Guanyang County, official to Sanqi Shilang. At Ying's birth, he had a weapon, and he successively served as the governor of six counties and general Longxiang. After his death, he was given to the governor of Jizhou. According to historical records, "Book of Jin·Volume 70·Biographies No. 40" and "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" later generations commemorated the Liuhe Pagoda. to commemorate him. Ying Zhan's Tomb Ying Zhan's Tomb is located in Zhiying Town, Yongkang City, Zhejiang Province. In 2006, Ying Zhan's descendants rebuilt Ying Zhan's tomb in Lingyan. Lien Chan, the honorary chairman of the Kuomintang, personally inscribed for it "Reconstructing the Epitaph of Zhan Gong, the Founder of the Southern Sect of the Ying Family". Ying Zhan's Tomb