1 is a rectangle, with a semi-square character as the degree, a straight character and the other half as the vertical foot, and the approximate ratio is about 3:2.
2. The strokes are horizontal and vertical, round and even, and the thickness is basically the same. All horizontal and vertical paintings are equidistant and parallel, and all strokes are mainly round, and the circle is round and square, which makes the circle lively and interesting.
3. Balance and symmetry. The division, balance and symmetry of space are the unique charm of seal script. Symmetry exists not only in left-right symmetry and up-down symmetry, but also in local symmetry of characters and left-right oblique symmetry of circular strokes.
4. The top is tight and the bottom is loose. Most of the characters in Biography are in the upper part, and the lower part is telescopic feet. Of course, there are also characters with no feet below. The main strokes are in the lower part, and the upper strokes can be raised.
In the twenty-sixth year of Qin Shihuang, at the suggestion of Li Si, a decree was issued to "write in the same language" throughout the country. Li Si's Cang Xie, Zhao Gao's Calendar and Hu Wujing's Bo Xue all adopted the newly revised script of Xiao Zhuan, making it famous all over the world. Li Si's seal script is not only the official script of Qin Dynasty, but also the originator of seal script art in later generations, which has a special position in the history of calligraphy.
Li Si's achievements in the revision and popularization of Biography have been highly praised in history. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Sizhen called his calligraphy "the essence of seal cutting, the wonder of ancient and modern times, the mountain of the king of Qin and the jade seal, the giant crossbow of a lady, and the boulder of Hong Zhong". Scholars and masters are also a national heritage. "
Yu Dou's Shu Shu Fu also said: "The method of thinking is also the ancestor of later learning." It is to take care of the whole history of calligraphy, and not many people can be this evaluator.
Li Si's calligraphy remains, no matter where he went on patrol with the first emperor, should be regarded as the stone carving works of Ji Gong. Although these works of stone carvings in the Kikuji Palace are not signed, historical materials have always thought that they would be written by Li Si, so here we should follow the old theory. There are seven stone carvings found in historical materials, namely Taishan, Langyatai, Yishan, Jieshi, Huiji, Zhifu and Dongguan.
Among the seven carved stones, Jieshi did not enter the sea for a moment, and it was not recorded in previous dynasties. The two carved stones of Zhifu and Dongguan have long been lost. The original stone carved in Yishan has long been destroyed by fire, and there are also sculptures in Song and Yuan Dynasties, which still exist today. Langlangtai Stone Carving, a cliff on Langlangya Mountain, is a natural stone pillar. His horizontal paintings are all arc-shaped, and the drooping oblique pen is round, smooth and beautiful, which is natural and vivid. It is one of Li Si's representative works of Xiao Zhuan.
Unfortunately, it is too difficult to finish. As a model, it will bring great difficulties to learners. The stone carving of Huiji Mountain is the last moment of the first emperor. This stone was fashionable at the top of Huiji Mountain in the Southern Song Dynasty, but its handwriting was almost completely destroyed. After a turn, the calligraphy was dull and lost its original style.
To be sure, only Taishan stone carving can fully reflect the style of Li Si's seal script. Although some scholars have verified that Taishan Stone Carvings are not rubbings of original stones, they are closer to the original appearance of Qin Zhuan than Yishan Stone Carvings and Huijishan Stone Carvings.
Extended data
In 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang accepted the suggestion of Prime Minister Li Si that "ancient Chinese characters should be written in the same language", and ordered that the ancient Chinese characters left by the vassal states be banned, and the unified language was Qin Zhuan. After the reunification of China, there is an urgent need for a unified official script. Li Si was ordered by Qin Shihuang to make this standard character, which is Xiao Zhuan.
With regard to the origin of Xiao Zhuan, Xu Shen said in the Preface to Explaining Characters: When Li Si and others were ordered by Qin Shihuang to make standardized characters, "they all quarried the brick" Da Zhuan "or made some changes, so it was called Xiao Zhuan". The name Xiao Zhuan is also an honorific title for Da Zhuan. Then, in order to promote the unified writing, Lisi wrote seven Cang Xie, each with four words as a sentence, which was used as a study textbook for people to copy.
Soon, Lishu adopted the calligraphy style created by a small official named Cheng Miao in the Qin Dynasty, which broke the structure of the inflectional circle of seal script and formed a new calligraphy style-Lishu. Since then, official script, as a kind of official script, began in Qin dynasty and flourished in Han dynasty, and was gradually replaced by regular script in Wei and Jin dynasties.
However, as calligraphy art, seal script and official script are deeply loved by future generations because of their unique styles. China's four major calligraphy styles, authentic, cursive, official and seal script, account for half, all thanks to Li Si.
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