1. The meaning of far and near in classical Chinese
far and near yuǎn jìn1. Far and near.
For example: "Book of the Later Han Dynasty? Biography of Liu Yu": "Although Yu is a prince, he is frugal by nature, wears clothes, ropes, and shoes, and eats nothing but meat. The rich and handsome people far and near who have always indulged in extravagance will change their behavior and return to their hearts. Yan." 2. Specifically refers to the official position close to or far away from the emperor.
Example: "Dongguan Hanji? Dongping Xianwang Cangzhuan": "The nature of flesh and blood will not be alienated by distance." 3. Refers to people near and far.
For example: "Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals? Brief Selection": "Because he was virtuous and obedient to the people, he returned from far and near, so he ruled the world." 4. Refers to the distance of the journey.
Example: Tang Yuanzhen's poem "Taokele": "Tongzhen's food and clothing expenses do not take into account the distance." 5. Nearby.
Example: "Warning Words? The White Harrier in Cui Yamen Summons Demons": "Prime Minister Cui came to Zhongshan Mansion in Dingzhou, entered the Mansion, and the delivery sign was printed. " 6. Refers to the level of intelligence.
Example: "Preface" by Sima Guang of the Song Dynasty: "The essence of an article lies in poetry. Those who appreciate humanities can know the extent of their talents by observing their poems." 2. What does Yi Zai mean in classical Chinese?
Yi 1. Because, due to: Example: ⑴ Because Yi Yi is lame, father and son protect each other.
⑵The minister is not invited. ⑶Only Sanbao is brave and versatile, and is recommended for the long term.
⑷Because the place is too clear and cannot stay for a long time, it is remembered and left. ⑸Don’t be happy with things, don’t be sad with yourself.
⑹ Those who live in Anling for fifty miles are just Mr. You. ⑺How could King Zhao deceive Qin Xie with a jade? ⑻ With this angry attack from my county, I dare not continue to govern.
⑼Those who do not bribe will lose if they take bribes. ⑽Those who have enough happiness in their hearts.
I will not cover up my great virtue with a veil. King Huai didn't know the difference between loyal ministers, so he was confused by Zheng Xiu internally and bullied by Zhang Yi externally.
2. And, come. Examples: ⑴ If there is something good to do, a boat will come in.
⑵Leave five hundred people to hold it down to cut off the meandering roads and bridges. (In order to:) ⑶I ride on horseback and carry an arrow to aid the battle.
⑷ Roll up the bottom of the stone to get out. ⑸ And rely on Gan to satirize it? ⑹ Those who bite people and have no control.
(With: There is a meaning here) ⑺ Therefore, it is said that the husband can observe the style of others. ⑻ It belongs to me to write down.
⑼ Kill him in response to Chen She. ⑽ Gaozu became an emperor because of it.
(11) It is not advisable to belittle oneself and use metaphors to block the road of loyalty and admonishment. (12) Please make the prince king to eliminate Qin Wang.
(13) Yu and the four others entered with fire. (14) If the barbarians are close, there will be many tourists.
(15) Cao Xi floats along the river. (16) Fan Kuai turned his shield to hit him.
(17) I sincerely wish to stay with you until death. (18) Suddenly the soul palpitates and the soul moves.
(19) The extravagant customs are growing day by day. (20) Everyone stood up to listen.
(21) To the people of the world. (22) However, be patient and do it.
(23) If the hidden army comes, the country can gain it. (24) It is the crime of being alone to defy Uncle Jian and humiliate his two or three sons.
(25) Then he pulled it out to attack Jinghe River. (26) Then he threw himself into Miluo and died.
(27) The responsibility is also heavy on Zhou. (28) Competing with one thing.
3. Handle, take, use. Examples: ⑴The poor returned from the South China Sea to report to the rich.
(Omit the preposition object after "to".) ⑵ Cover his mouth with money.
⑶Slaughter fear and throw bones into it. ⑷ Tell with emotion.
⑸The binding is the furnace fire, which will burn it out. ⑹ Send Yuan Ji to the capital in a carriage.
⑺Why do you plan? ⑻We will attack Song Dynasty. ⑼ The Lord of Chang'an must be taken as a pledge, and the troops will be sent out.
⑽ Therefore, when the collapse is approaching, the ministers are sent with important matters.
(11) I want to use the land of 500 miles to install the mausoleum.
(12) It is the same as taking the old law as its country. (13) I would like to invite Yi Bi with fifteen cities.
(14) It is necessary to repay the township party with suzerainty. (15) Tell the truth.
(16) The scholar-bureaucrats finally refused to moor their boats under the jade at night. (17) Respond to others with oneself.
(18) The one who waits for surprises but not for surprises wins. (19) Husbands of the country show sympathy to each other.
(20) Will challenge the bell. (21) Rely on your sincere words and never waver.
4. Think, think. Example: ⑴I use the time when the sun begins to rise to approach people.
⑵ The minister used the king's attack on Song Dynasty, which was similar to this. ⑶The old minister thinks that I am the Lord of Chang'an and is plotting against him.
⑷ All of them are more beautiful than Xu Gong. ⑸The little Confucian rules and regulations mean that the righteousness of the monarch and his ministers cannot escape between heaven and earth.
5. Depend, depend. Example: ⑴I know it by looking at it.
⑵With the power of the king, he has never been able to damage the hill of Kuifu. ⑶The people of the territory do not regard the boundaries of the territory as a seal.
⑷ Those who live in Anling for fifty miles are just Mr. You. ⑸Be known to the princes with courage.
⑹ Take by attacking. ⑺Over time, you will be able to identify people by the sound of their feet.
⑻They are all good at words and are famous for their poems. 6. According to, according to.
Example: ⑴The policy is not done in the right way. ⑵ Let’s check it out now.
⑶The remaining ships followed suit. ⑷Why should quantity be the difference? ⑸It is forbidden to kill because of the law.
⑹ Advance in order. ⑺Then there is no law to engage in.
7. Basis. Example: ⑴Now that I see it from the perspective of Jiang, I still believe it.
(To: take it in one sentence.) ⑵ It is important to know the distance by using the near.
8. It means "already". Examples: ⑴ It’s just weird.
⑵ The day is over. 9. Composition aid, expressing time, direction and scope.
Example: ⑴Since I was appointed, I have been feeling sad all day long. (Use: to indicate time) ⑵ Refers to the fifteenth year from now on, all the capital will be given to Zhao.
(With: position) ⑶ From the prince to the next, everyone is extravagant. (With: table range) 10. In.
Example: ⑴In December of the 39th year of Qianlong's reign, I rode the wind and snow from the capital, traveled through Qihe and Changqing, passed through the northwest valley of Mount Tai, crossed the limit of the Great Wall, and arrived at Tai'an. ⑵ Killed in the city on August 13th.
⑶ In the summer of the 17th year of Chongzhen, he walked from the capital to Mount Huashan as Huang Guan. ⑷ If I return home before the time comes, you will die in time.
11. As a language aid, it plays the role of adjusting syllables. Example: If you go against it, it will fry my breasts.
12. For. Example: ⑴If I know you, why? (To: do) ⑵ It is inevitable.
(Used as: YES) 13. Pass through "Ji" and stop. Example: If there is no way, then what is the king? 14. Appointment.
Example: There is no need to use loyalty, and there is no need to use virtue. 15. This, this.
Example: An object is used to argue with another object. (The original meaning refers to the previous "to".)
"Thought" 1. To.
To act as or to do. Example: ⑴A tiger looks at it as a huge thing and thinks it is a god.
⑵ Take credit for the fact that the doctor is good at curing the disease! ⑶When I first heard your name, I felt proud. ⑷According to legend, it is Yandang.
⑸ Take the land of Baiyue in the south and call it Guilin and Xiangjun. (Think: Set it as.)
⑹Write a long book and think it is Zhi. ⑺The few kings will kill you.
2. Think. Example: ⑴I am afraid that I will eat my own food.
⑵Thought it was wonderful. ⑶Everyone thinks he will die.
⑷ I thought he was a brave man. ⑸ Thinking that “I can’t do anything but myself”.
⑹However, those who argue will think that the people are being moved for no reason. 3.
Made. Example: ⑴ However, you can use it as bait.
⑵Made into twelve golden figures.
3. What does "Guo" mean in classical Chinese?
1. Guo means "du". ——"Shuowen" For example: Yu stayed away for eight years and passed through the door three times without entering. ——"Mencius Tengwengong"
2. To surpass, to surpass - For example: The reason why people in ancient times were greater than others was because of no other reason than to be good at what they did. ——"Mencius, King Hui of Liang, Part 1"
3. Past (after) - If the flowers are picked after passing by, the root color will be dark and evil, and this is the effect. ——Song Dynasty· Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Bi Tan"
4. Death - Although your Majesty passed away and became a god, how could he use Fu Deng to help his ministers and forget to speak evil words during the previous campaign? ——"Book of Jin·Fu Registration"
5. To give; to hand over ——The postman's letter is the disciple's missionary work. ——"Lunheng"
6. Crossing over - the wild market is divided into deer troubles, and the official sailing transition is late. —— Su Shi of the Song Dynasty, "Jingzhou"
7. To visit; to visit; to visit - So I took his car, uncovered his sword, and passed his friend. ——"Warring States Policies·Qi Ce Four"
8. Communicate and get along with each other - if you are a little happy, you should be close, and you will not drive. ——Song Dynasty Huang Tingjian's "Ciyun Deru Wuzhang Became Sick in a New Residence"
9. Conversation such as: Guo Tan (conversation during a visit)
10. Wrong, make mistakes - micro Two people, how many times have passed. ——"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals · Review · Possession"
11. Blame, blame - Confucius said: "If you ask for nothing, it is a fault" - "The Analects of Confucius·Ji Shi"
12. Step-in, take-in or marry--a child, he is only here for a visit now, happy events are in a hurry, tell me how I can get him back. ——Yuan·Guan Hanqing's "The Injustice of Dou E" 4. What is the meaning of classical Chinese
1. Definition: Classical Chinese is a processed written language based on ancient Chinese.
Classical Chinese is a written language in ancient China. It mainly includes written language based on the spoken language in the pre-Qin period. Classical Chinese is relative to vernacular, and is characterized by writing based on characters, focusing on allusions, parallel antithesis, and neat rhythm. It includes various literary styles such as policy, poetry, lyrics, music, eight-legged essay, and parallel prose.
2. Characteristics: The characteristics of classical Chinese are: separation of words and concise writing. The characteristics of classical Chinese are compared with vernacular (including spoken and written language), and are mainly reflected in grammar and vocabulary.
3. Structure: (1) Judgment sentence The so-called judgment sentence is a sentence pattern that uses a noun, pronoun or noun phrase as a predicate to judge the subject. Its common forms are as follows: 1)."·······,... is also""...,... is also""...,... is also""... is,..." "...person,...person" and other forms.
For example: ① "Chen She is from Yangcheng." ("Historical Records. Chen She Family") - Chen Sheng is from Yangcheng.
② "Although Cao Cao was named Han Prime Minister, he was actually a Han thief." ("Zizhi Tongjian") ③Yi was a good archer in ancient times. (p> Wang Anshi's "A Journey to Baochan Mountain") ⑤Those who are awkward are those who have no shots from King Zhou Jing.
2). Use the adverbs "nai", "ie", "ze", "all", "yes", "sincere", "wei", etc. to express judgment. For example: "This is the autumn when I serve my life.
" 1. I don't know what year it is in the palace in the sky. ② Those who are still in the tomb today.
③Liang’s father is Xiang Yan, the general of Chu. ④This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower.
3). Use the negative adverb "fei" to express negation. For example: "The six kingdoms were destroyed not only because of the disadvantages of the army, but also because of poor fighting skills, but because of bribing Qin.
" ① Climb high and move, your arms will not be lengthened, but you will see far away. ②The city is not too high, the pond is not too deep, the army is not not strong and powerful, and the rice and millet are not not abundant.
③ It’s not like taking Mount Tai to reach the North Sea.
Passive Sentence In classical Chinese, the subject of some sentences is the recipient of the action. This sentence pattern is a passive sentence.
The common types are: 1). "见" "...见...yu" "Yu" means passive. For example: "I often laugh at generous families.
" ① I am sincerely afraid of being deceived by the king. ② The city of Qin may not be accessible, but it will only be deceived.
③ Therefore, he was confused by Zheng Xiu internally and bullied by Zhang Yi externally. ④Zi Pan, seventeen years old of the Li family, was fond of ancient prose and was familiar with all the classics and biographies of the six arts.
2). "Wei" and "wei..." means passive. For example: "Parents and clans were all killed.
" ① When one dies and the country is destroyed, the world laughs. ② Those who serve the country will be robbed by those who accumulate prestige.
③For the benefit of others. ④ Fear of being ahead of others.
Inversion sentences in classical Chinese are relative to the sentence order of modern Chinese. Based on this, we divide classical Chinese inversion sentences into object preposition, attributive postposition, and adverbial Postposition, subject-predicate inversion, etc. 1). Object preposition. The so-called object preposition is a component that is usually used as an object and is placed in front of the predicate verb to show emphasis.
For example: "Zhi" in "Jie Bu Zhi Xin" is the prepositioned object. Object preposition is usually divided into four situations.
(1) In interrogative sentences, the interrogative pronoun serves as the object, and the object is placed in front. For example: "Why does the king come?" "Weisi people, who should I return to?" (2) In a negative sentence, the pronoun acts as the object, and the object is placed in front.
For example: "The ancients did not deceive anyone." (3) Use "zhi" and "shi" to advance the object.
For example: "I don't know how to read a sentence, and I can't understand it when I am confused." "Studying diligently is just a matter of urgency to learn, but it is not common.
" (4) The object in the introductory phrase Front. For example: "Otherwise, why would we be here?" 2) Postposition of attributive Usually the attributive should be placed in front of the central word, but there are many sentences in classical Chinese that place the attributive after the central word.
For example: "An earthworm has no sharp claws and teeth, but no strong muscles and bones. It eats earth and drinks from the underworld. It has the same intention." The "profit" and "strong" are all postpositioned attributives.
There are the following situations in which attributive postpositions are found in classical Chinese. (1) Use "之" to postposition the attributive.
For example: "How many people are there in the vast world?" (2) Use the postposition of "人". For example: "A horse that travels a thousand miles can eat one grain or one stone in one meal.
" 3) Postposition of adverbials In classical Chinese, adverbials with a prepositional structure are often placed at the end of the sentence as a complement. For example: "Yu Fu Zhe" is a prepositional phrase placed after the sentence as a complement.
4) Subject-verb inversion is rare and is often used to express strong exclamations. For example: "What a shame, I'm not doing you any favors."
"Blessed, this wind." "Beautiful, my young China.
"[Exercise] Determine the meaning in the following sentences Sentence structure. ① To protect the people and become king, no one can control it.
② The king is no different from the people who love the king. ③ How can you be a king if you are virtuous? ④ How do you know I can do it? Omitted sentences In classical Chinese, there are commonly situations where components are omitted. Grasping the omitted components will help to fully understand the meaning of the sentence.
The elliptical sentences in classical Chinese usually include: 1). Omitting the subject. (1) Inherit the former province.
For example: "The wild snakes in Yongzhou have black substance and white seals." (2) Inherited from the later province.
For example: "Pei Gong said to Zhang Liang: '(Gong) sent me to the army, and he entered.'" (3) Self-reported province.
For example: "(Yi) Love is like a stream, and when it enters two or three miles, (Yu) will find the home of the one who has the most extraordinary love." (4) Provincial dialogue.
For example: "(Mencius) said: 'To be happy (yuè) happy (lè) alone, to be happy (yuè) happy (lè) with others, which one is happy (lè)?' (Wang) said:' '" 2). Omit the predicate.
For example: "With one drum, the energy will be strong, then it will fade away, and after three drums, it will be exhausted." 3). Omit the object.
For example: "It can be burned and taken away." 4). Omit the preposition object.
For example: "After the public reading is completed, the marten will be reborn to hide the house." 5). Omit the preposition "yu".
For example: "Now the bell chime is placed (in) the water, even if the wind and waves are strong, it cannot make a sound." [Exercise] Complete the omitted elements in the following sentences.
① The Ran family lived here, so their surname was Shixi, Ranxi. ②Therefore, Ximen Leopard was the order of Ye and was famous all over the world.
③ Among the two strategies, it is better to defeat Qin Qu. ④ They all go out to the plains at the foot of the mountain, and they go out from the top of the mountain.
Fixed structure 1) Common fixed structures expressing questions are: nai he, ruo, how, how, nai...he, if...he, such (nai)...he, which and, There is nothing..., which one is better. For example: ① What can I do if I take my bi but don’t give me the city? ("The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru") ② What if my son takes the elk to free the city? ("Battle") ③It's better to be different, how about it? ("Zuo Zhuan·Qi Huan Gong's Attack on Chu") ④What if we laugh at a hundred steps with fifty steps? (. 5. What does it mean in classical Chinese?
Ancient Chinese explanation
Common meaning
[2] Note: Bold example sentences are from primary and secondary school Chinese textbooks Example sentences in
Pronouns
[3] 1. Same as modern Chinese interpretation of particles 1 Example: ① The person near the fortress is a good person - "A blessing in disguise" ② Who. Is the king planning this? ③ There is no one who cares about it later —— "Peach Blossom Spring" ④ The person who looks beautiful and profound is Langya - "The Drunkard Pavilion" ⑤ There is a reply order. If the Lord of Chang'an is a hostage, the old woman will spit in his face! - "The Queen Mother of Zhao" 2. Used after a noun, it is equivalent to "..this person" Example: ① Beishan Foolish Old Man, who is ninety years old, Living facing the mountains. ——"The Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountains" ② Those who become famous in the city are engaged in boyhood. ——Pu Songling, "Liao Zhai Zhiyi·Ji Zhi" in the Qing Dynasty 3. Used after the word "time" to mean "when". Example: ①In ancient times, the world was the main subject, and the king was the guest. ——"Mingyi Waiting for Visits" ②Nowadays, Xiang Zhuang draws his sword and dances, and the meaning is always with Pei Gong. 4. Place it after the numerals. Example: ① Or it is different from the two, why? ——"Yueyang Tower" ②This number is also a problem for soldiers.
Particles
1. Used in hypothetical complex sentences. Or there may be a pause in the compound sentence to indicate the following. Example: ① The reason why a minister leaves his relatives to serve the king is because he admires his righteousness - "The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru" ② The generals and officials dare to say that they should welcome Cao. , the same as this case! - "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" 2. Put at the end of a question to express a question. Example: Which one? , means analogy, which is equivalent to ".. looks like", ".. looks like". Example: ① Looking at it from time to time, it seems that there is no abnormality. ——Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty, "The Donkey of Guizhou" ② In other words, it looks like. ——Pu Songling, Qing Dynasty, "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" 4. Put it after the subject to form the structure of "Zhe. Ye". Example: Chen Shengzhe, a native of Yangcheng. ·Chen She Family"
Unusual/uncertain meaning
1. (Unsure, although many versions have translated it into this meaning, it cannot be found in the "Old Chinese Common Dictionary" , may have the same meaning as the particle 1) is placed after the subject to introduce the reason: ① Ran Cao Sui can conquer Shao, and the weak is the strong, not only the weather, but also the people's plan. ② Anling is fifty miles away. The only thing that exists is that Mr. You is here. ③The beauty of my wife is my own. ④The crab is kneeling with two claws, and it is not a snake and eel that has nothing to rely on. 2. (Uncertain) The particle is placed in a hypothetical complex sentence to express a hypothesis, which is equivalent to "if..." or "..." Example: ① If you enter, you will be helpless, if you leave, you will be invincible to foreign patients, and ② If you fulfill your ambition, your country will perish. If you can't come, you can have no regrets. ③ If you don't, you will be captured. 3. (Uncertain) is placed at the end of the statement to indicate the end of the statement. Example: ① Send him to Hukou because he can see the so-called stone. Beller. ②When the first minister untied the cow, he saw nothing but cows.
4. (Uncommon meaning) Tong "ye": ---- "Han Feizi·Eight Classics": "There is no importance in taking charge... and being selfless in being an official." [4] "Shuo Yuan·Zheng Ye Li": "Lu "There is no gentleman, how can I choose this?" are also interpreted as "zhe", and "zhe" and "ye" can be used interchangeably in ancient books. 6. What is classical Chinese?
"Classical Chinese" is relative to "vernacular".
The first "wen" means written articles. "Yan" means writing, The meaning of expression, recording, etc. "Classical Chinese" refers to written language. "Classical Chinese" is relative to "oral language", and the last "literary" refers to works, articles, etc. It means the type of writing.
"Classical Chinese" means "articles written in written language" and "vernacular Chinese" means: "written in commonly used straightforward spoken language." "Article".
Vernacular Chinese
In ancient my country, the same thing was expressed in spoken language and written language, which were different. For example, you wanted to ask someone if he had eaten. , expressed in spoken language, is “Have you eaten? ", and to express it in books and language, it is "Fan? ". "Fan Fou" refers to classical Chinese. In ancient my country, all articles were written in written language. Therefore, now we generally refer to ancient Chinese as "classical Chinese"
Classical Chinese is the treasure of Chinese culture. The ancients left us a large amount of classical Chinese. In China, the study of classical Chinese plays a large role in middle school Chinese courses.
Of course, the ancients from other countries also left a large amount of classical Chinese. .
What is classical Chinese?
1. Classical Chinese is undoubtedly the main body of Chinese traditional culture. The history of modern civilization is still very short, and deconstructing or interpreting traditional culture is still necessary for modernization, because the inheritance of traditional wisdom is based on the correct interpretation of classical Chinese.
2. Classical Chinese is knowledge, because classical Chinese has already existed. It is no longer a language, it is purely text. But classical Chinese is knowledge, and oracle bone script is also knowledge. Why not learn oracle bone script? By the way, it is precisely because oracle bone script is a more primitive script, so classical Chinese is a further step to learn traditional advanced scripts such as oracle bone script. The basis of (learning).
3. Classical Chinese is also a skill. Chinese expressions, descriptions, combinations, transformations, metaphors, metaphors, deductions... fully carry the essence of Chinese civilization in the expression of ideas. Style. Master the physical structure of classical Chinese, have a deeper understanding of modern Chinese, and have a "law" to follow in the construction of new Chinese.
4. "Classical Chinese" is the opposite of "vernacular". The structure is like this: Classical Chinese - Wen. The first "wen" means "character", and "wen" means language. "Classical Chinese" refers to "literary language". It has two meanings: first, it refers to classical Chinese. It was originally a language; secondly, this language was later written down. The word “written up” also has two meanings: first, it can be a culture that has language but no writing. For example, most ethnic minorities only have language but no writing. Secondly, the language function withdraws from life and becomes history in the form of words.
The literal meaning of "classical Chinese" should be: a style of language that has been literalized. Refers to literary style.
So apart from archaeological research, does classical Chinese have any "future"? In other words, does it have any application value in traditional forms of life? When modern society was downplayed, it was only that people ignored the social life in some marginal areas, which caused modern applications to doubt or ignore classical Chinese. For example, in religious construction, some inscriptions are still written in classical Chinese and are still written in calligraphy. Tools for engraving. This is also the case for most applications of seal script.
Looking further, classical poetry belongs to the category of "classical Chinese", and they have not left us in life.
It's just that in terms of language form, Zhihu has also left the spoken word. After it became written, it obviously has definite normative requirements for the refinement of techniques and the expansion of meaning. Its "prospect" lies in its application and its ability to awaken ambiguous etymology and allusions. It can be said that the future is promising.
The term "classical Chinese" can also encompass the cultural and historical relationship between language and writing. In a certain form, once a certain language - including dialects - is "wen" or literalized, that is, written, the charm of its language is suddenly reduced, while the function of writing is doubled. Because language is usually passed down orally and is closely related to life, language has not yet entered a cultural state. It is a preservation of life experience and does not have the extended performance of words.
In the process of reading classical Chinese, we will inevitably have an illusion: Did people in ancient times also say this? I think this can be "feeled" by the difference in expression between written language and spoken language in the present tense. There is no big difference in structure and rules between them. It can also be speculated that the ancient people's speech was just more casual and more popular than classical Chinese. The "three words and two beats" can also be used as a reference. As for when we read classical Chinese today, of course it does not mean that we are repeating what the ancients said, but that we are reciting or silently reading a literary style.
When reading classical Chinese, you feel a very clear line of thought, just like occasionally reading the works of Western philosophers, which has the solemnity it deserves. 7. What does classical Chinese mean?
Classical Chinese is a processed written language based on ancient Chinese.
Processing may have occurred in the earliest written language based on spoken language. Classical Chinese is an article composed of a written language in ancient China. It mainly includes written language based on the spoken language of the Pre-Qin period.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, items used to record text had not yet been invented. Bamboo slips, silk and other items were used to record text. Silk was expensive, bamboo slips were bulky and the number of words recorded was limited. In order to be able to " Write down more things on the bamboo slips and delete the unimportant words. Later, when "paper" was used on a large scale, the ruling class's habit of using "official documents" for their correspondence had been finalized, and the ability to use "classical Chinese" had evolved into a symbol of reading and literacy.
Classical Chinese is relative to the vernacular. It is characterized by writing based on words, focusing on allusions, parallel antithesis, and neat rhythm. It includes strategies, poems, lyrics, tunes, eight-part essays, parallel prose, etc. kind of style. In order to facilitate reading and understanding, classical Chinese texts in modern books are generally marked with punctuation marks. 8. What does it mean in classical Chinese?
1. Correct. Opposite of "not".
Yan Zhiyan is right. ——"The Analects of Confucius? Yang Huo"
In fact, you have not gone too far, and you feel that what you are now is but what you were yesterday is not. ——Tao Qian's "Come Back and Come Back"
2. Think it is correct, think it is correct correct.
Whatever the king is, he must be. ——"Mozi? Shang Ibid."
3. Demonstrative pronoun. This, this, this, this is a horse. Although it can run a thousand miles, it is not full of food and lacks strength. ——Han Yu's "Horse Theory"
4. From this point of view, from this point of view
It is also worrying to advance, and to be worried when retreating. ——Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower"
5. Pronouns, as a sign of the preposition of the object
Meritocracy. ——Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms, Book of Wei, Chronicle of Emperor Wu of Wei"
6. Yes, expressing judgment (same as modern Chinese)
This must be Yurang. ——Sima Qian's "Historical Records: Biographies of Assassins"
7. All medicines are familiar with their properties. ——Jia Dao's "Farewell to Sun Yiren" 9. What does location mean in classical Chinese? What does location mean in classical Chinese?
Location: place, place; place of existence.
In classical Chinese, any structural particle "suo" followed by a verb or preposition is a "suo" structure. As long as you master its characteristics, all questions will be easily solved.
Here we only talk about "the verb" simply and clearly.
Add the word in front of the verb to form a noun structure, which can be the subject or object. In fact, it refers to the object to which the verb refers. When understanding, just remove the word and add the object after the verb. "What you sow" = the crops you plant; "what you desire" = what you want; "what you read" = the books you read.
"Zai" is a verb, meaning to live in or to be in. According to the above understanding method, "where" = where you live; where.
Supplement
"Where" is sometimes used directly as a noun, meaning "place", and is no longer the structure of "su".