1. Originated from the surname Ji
It comes from Sun Hui of the Yellow Emperor in ancient times. It is a surname based on the official title. This branch of the surname Zhang takes Qingyang (Qingyang, east of today's Qinghe County, Hebei Province) as its origin, and is the Qinghe Zhang family. There is a saying among the people that "everyone with the surname Zhang in the world comes from Qinghe". ?
It comes from the descendants of Huangdi Ji, and belongs to the surname of Zi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a senior official in the Jin State who named Zhang Hou, and his descendants were named after him, also known as the Zhang family.
2. Comes from the surname Nie
Zhang Liaoyuan, a general of the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms His surname was Nie. His family changed his surname to Zhang to avoid resentment, and his descendants took Zhang as their surname.
3. From the surname given
Long Youna, the Nanman chief who had lived in Yunnan for a long time, was given the surname Zhang by Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period. From then on, his descendants took Zhang as their surname.
4. Originated from the ancient Xi tribe
Zhang Zhongzhi, a member of the Xi tribe, lived in Fan Yang. Because he was good at riding and shooting, he was adopted as an adopted son by Zhang Suogao, the guard of Fan Yang, and he followed his adopted father. The surname is Zhang. Later, Zhang Zhongzhi repeatedly made military exploits and was promoted to Minister of Rites, and was granted the title of Duke of Zhao.
5. The surname was changed by ethnic minorities
In ancient times, some ethnic minorities such as Wuhuan, Jurchen, Jie, Xianbei, Xiongnu, and Khitan changed their surname to Zhang. Today's Achang, Naxi, Lisu, Yao, Zhuang, Li, Gaoshan, Tibetan, as well as the Hesheli, Zalari, Zhangjia, Zhangjin, Zakuta, Aiyi, etc. There are more than a dozen Manchu surnames, and some people changed their surname to Zhang.
Extended information:
In contemporary times, the population with the surname Zhang has reached nearly 85 million, making it the third largest surname in the country, accounting for approximately 6.79% of the country's population. ?[9]?Since the Song Dynasty to the present, the growth rate of the population surnamed Zhang has been on the rise in the past 1,000 years. The distribution across the country is mainly concentrated in Henan, Shandong and Hebei provinces, accounting for approximately 27.5% of the total population with the surname Zhang.
Secondly, it is distributed in six provinces: Jiangsu, Sichuan, Anhui, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, and Hubei, with another concentration of 28.5. Henan is home to 10.1% of the total population with the surname Zhang, making it the largest province with the surname Zhang today. The country has formed a high-proportion Zhang surnamed area in the north and a low-proportion Zhang surnamed area in the south, bounded by the Yangtze River.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Zhang surname