The Wutai Poetry Case detained Su Shi in Yushitai/kloc-0 for more than 20 days. This was the first disaster in Su Shi's life, and he was accused of satirizing the new law and slandering the monarch. Su Shi never imagined that a complaint from Xie Shangbiao in Huzhou and several poems satirizing the new law in Yuan Feng's Qiantang Collection would lead to such a tragic disaster. Fortunately, many ministers of justice helped, and even the seriously ill Empress Cao spoke: Once, Emperor Injong presided over the examination for returning to the palace, and he was very happy. He said, "I won two peace prime ministers for my descendants today", referring to Su Shi and Su Zhe. Is it appropriate for you to kill Su Shi now? Wang Anshi, who lived in Jiangning because of the political reform, also wrote a letter, saying: How can a smart person kill a talented person? Zongshen has always attached great importance to Su Shi's talent, so he demoted Su Shi to Huangzhou with one voice and became an assistant ambassador for Yong.
When Su Shi was released from prison, poetry started again when he was drinking, so he sang a poem:
However, my confusion about the wine glass is like a dream, and I try to write poetry like a god.
Su Shi was impeached for poetry, and after he was released from prison, he drank and recited poetry. After waking up, he thought of what he was afraid of and privately scolded: Don't change it!
Dongpo is a hillside in the east. For example, just outside Zhongzhou, near the Yangtze River, there is a Dongpo. Bai Juyi was demoted to Zhongzhou during the reign of Tang Chaoyuan. He likes Dongpo there very much and wrote a poem:
Climb Dongpo, and climb Dongpo in the evening.
What does Dongpo love? I like this new tree.
Huangzhou City is built on Chibi Mountain. Although it has four doors: east, south, west and north, these four doors do not face east, south, west and north. In addition to the East Gate, the South Gate is actually located in the southeast, the West Gate is located in the southwest and the North Gate is located in the northwest. Huangzhou is a mountain city, surrounded by mountains. On the hillside in the southeast corner, there is a relatively flat and open place with an area of 50 mu. It used to be an abandoned camp by the government, full of weeds and rubble, unlike the tree-lined Dongpo in Zhongzhou. Even after Su Shi reclaimed this wasteland, whenever he walked on the eastern slope in the moonlight, his crutches would lean against the gravel on the road from time to time and make a "loud sound of dragging crutches".
In February of the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), Su Shi came to Huangzhou under the escort of an officer from Yushitai. At that time, only the eldest son, Mai Su, was around, and the rest of the family was temporarily taken care of by his younger brother, Su Zhe. It was not until the end of May that he came to Huangzhou to reunite with Su Shi. Su Shi usually had little savings, and when he arrived in Huangzhou, he fell into poverty. He wrote to his old friend Zhang Dun: Fish, shrimp, rice, firewood and charcoal in Huangzhou are very cheap, so it is ok for the poor to live here. However, because there is no savings at ordinary times, wage income is easy to spend. My brother Su Zhe has seven daughters and is in debt like a mountain. Now his family is out of town, and I don't know when to come to Huangzhou. I live in a monk's house now, eating, wearing, living and eating with monks, but it's also very simple, and I'm worried about how to make a living when my family comes!
Sure enough, after the family reunion, Su Shi's savings barely lasted for one year. Just then, his old friend Ma Zhengqing came to visit. Ma Zhengqing, a famous dreamer, is alarmist. Twenty years ago, he was a scholar in the imperial city. One day, Su Shi, who was going to Fengxiang House to preach the punishment, visited him. Just as he was out, he wrote a poem "Autumn Rain Sighs" by Du Fu on the wall of his study. Ma Zhengqing read Su Shi's poems and felt something in his heart. He resigned from his official position and followed Su Shi to Fengxiang as an adjutant. About Ma Zhengqing, when Su Shi exiled Huangzhou Dongpo, there was a poem praising:
Ma was born a poor man and has been with me for twenty years.
Looking at my expensive day and night, begging to buy mountain money.
I am very tired today. I have quit my farm.
When you shave the turtle's back, you will feel it.
Poor Ma Sheng is crazy. So far, he has praised me for being virtuous.
Laughter never regrets, but once you give, you will get 1000.
Now Ma Zhengqing sees that Su Shi lives in poverty, so he applies to the government to let Su Shi recover the abandoned camp on Dongpo to make a living. At this time, Xu Dashou, the prefect of Huangzhou, had a good impression on Su Shi, and Ma Zhengqing's application was successfully approved. So Su Shi bought a cow and began to cultivate Dongpo. Su Shi led his family, picked up rubble, burned hay, leveled the land, and dredged a long-abandoned underground well. Besides Ma Zhengqing, several friends from Huangzhou, such as Pan Bing, Li Guo and Gu Gengdao, also came to help.
The wind blows and the sun shines, and everyone works hard. In late autumn, they finally planted wheat in the field, and the next year they had a harvest. After harvesting wheat, plant mid-season rice and autumn crops. At night, Su Shi was filled with joy when he saw the seedlings stained with dew shining silver in the moonlight. Later, Su Shi and his family planted hundreds of mulberry trees, some jujube trees and chestnut trees around the field, and built five straw houses near Dongpo, named "Dongpo Tang Xue"; And called himself "Dongpo lay man".
In July of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), Mi Fei was thirty-two years old and had worked in Changsha for seven years. Mi Fei was only twenty years old when he left Beijing to serve abroad. He was appointed as Lin Guiwei and Guang Wei by the provincial school secretary. When he left Beijing, Mi Fei was married, and her husband's family was the second daughter of Cao, who was an official in Beijing. Media Cui was quite satisfied after seeing Yan's photos. Yan said to Cui: Although they are all officials' families, Miss Cao is good-looking, can read and write, and after marriage, she teaches her husband and children to sew and keep women's manners, but the days are long! Cui Sima said, madam, you can rest assured. I have known Cao Xiuxiu for many years, and we are friends of Guangfu. We can get along well with others. Indeed, after Mi Fei and Miss Cao got married, they also loved each other.
At this time, Mi Fei took office in Changsha, with three sons and two daughters at home. Fortunately, my wife's housework management is very good, and Li Jieer, the maid who came out from Beijing, also helped. One day in Changsha, Mifei went home early. Joel and Joel are playing with sand in the yard. Er is one year older than Er and always bullies Er. Miffy saw Er pick up a handful of sand and sprinkle it on Er's head. Then he grabbed a handful of sand and stuffed it into Er's ass. When Mrs Cao Shi saw it, she slapped Er's ass. Mi Fei didn't answer, just laughing. At home, Miffy saw Li Jieer cleaning tables and chairs and his wife mending clothes. Saner always follows Li Jieer. After a while, Er and Er got together. Two slapped two's head hard with his finger, and two fell to the ground and began to cry. Li Jieer came over and hugged Saner to coax her. Two children are three years old and three children are only one year and nine months old. Watching Er and Er play, Mi Fei felt a warm current in his heart for an instant.
In Changsha, Mi Fei was ordered to write the poem Eight Scenes of Xiaoxiang. The titles of these eight poems are: rainy night in Xiaoxiang, autumn moon in Dongting, returning to sail, wild geese in Pingsha, night bell in Yansi, sunset in fishing village, sunny haze in mountain city and dusk in the river. There is a poem "Yuan Pu's Return to the Sea", which reads:
A girl's pomegranate skirt was swimming in the Han River, and there was a sound of Lingge on both sides.
Jia Ke returned to the sail and bowed his head. Pink in the boudoir is thinking of you.
This poem was given to a geisha in Xiaoxiang Pavilion in Changsha by Mifei after he got drunk. This geisha is 18 years old this year. Her name is Qian Fang and she comes from Tokyo.
Mifei and some friends were drinking and talking about poetry and painting, and they were in a good mood. A geisha came into the room with a pipa in her arms. A scholar in the seat said: Girl, we don't listen to ditty, please go back! Miffy felt deja vu when she saw the girl with a bun on her head and a hairpin in it, with big eyes, a smart nose, a small mouth and a slim figure. She said, wait a minute, girl, what song can you sing? If you answer back to the teacher, let's see what music the teacher likes to listen to! The geisha replied. I want to listen to a song "Lin Yuling" by Mr. Liu Qi, can I? Geisha replied: Yes. After singing a song, Mifei thought the girl's pipa and voice were good, so she asked, Can Mr. Qin Shaoyou sing? Geisha replied: Yes, and she can sing "Magpie Bridge Fairy". Miffy said, well, you can sing. Geisha sang Qin Shaoyou's Magpie Fairy. For a time, the people in the audience didn't speak, and they were all reminiscing about that sentence: tenderness is like water, and ceremony is like a dream. If two people have a long-term relationship, sooner or later!
After a moment of silence, Miffy asked, What new music have you learned recently? Can you tell me? Geisha hesitated for a moment and said, "My little girl just learned to sing" Eight Scenes of Xiaoxiang ".I don't know if she sings well! Mifei's heart was moved. He said, Girl, let's sing. It doesn't matter. So the geisha sang Eight Scenes of Xiaoxiang. This song with a slight Hunan flavor temporarily immersed the guests in the beautiful scenery of Xiaoxiang. After the geisha finished singing, some guests applauded. Someone on the seat stood up and raised a glass to Mi Fei and said, Brother Yuan Zhang, would you like a drink? Mi Fei stood up, took the glass and drank it in one gulp.
The person who raised a glass to Mifei said to the geisha, Girl, do you know who wrote this song "Eight Scenes of Xiaoxiang"? The man pointed to Miffy and said, This is our adult's handwriting. Immediately, the geisha's face lit up. Miffy also saw surprise, excitement, excitement and other things in the eyes of a geisha. Geisha greeted Mifei and said, "My Lord, my little daughter is very polite." . Miffy said quickly, that's all. Then Miffy asked where the geisha came from. Geisha replied: A Beijinger named Qian Fang called Little Girl Qian Er. At this point, Miffy said to the person who had just raised a glass with himself: Watch the reward and give money! The man took out two taels of silver from his bosom and rewarded Angela Yu Qian.
One of the guests said to Mi Fei, Brother Yuan Zhang, I can see that Qianer and his brother are predestined friends. Why not update their relationship? Mi Fei immediately had a poem "The Original Park Guifan" written with pen and ink and dedicated it to Qian Er. At the time of writing this poem, there was a vague woman in Mi Fei's heart. When a woman's image is clear, it seems that Qian Er is in front of her. Mi Fei said to Qianer: Qianer, I can't write poems and lyrics for women, and I don't have the temperament and talent of Mr. Liu Qi and Mr. Shao You. However, when I wrote Yuan Pu's Return to Sail, there was a woman in my heart, meditating on a distant husband or Mr Right. This may be fate. When you showed up, I thought that woman was you. So I wrote this poem as a calligraphy for Qianer.
At that time, there was no one talking in the seat, and the singer Qian's eyes were a little moist and said, I am so lucky that this little girl met an adult. To tell the truth, I vaguely met an adult in the little girl's sleep. It's just that the little girl's fortune is shallow and her life is thin, which is doomed by heaven. Someone in the seat lamented: Marriage in previous lives is doomed in this life. Wouldn't it be wonderful if we could continue our marriage? At this point, Mimi drank too much wine and fell asleep at her desk. ...
Mi Fei visited Huangzhou in July and made friends with calligraphy and painting, where he met Su Shi who lived in exile. Su Dongpo and Mi Yuanzhang knew each other well when they were drunk. Su Shi said to Mi Fei, please ask Bird to stick this Guanyin paper on the wall. Miffy did as he said. In a flash, Su Shi stood by the wall with a candle in one hand and a pen in the other, and made a picture with two bamboo branches, a dead tree and a strange stone. Painted a picture of dead wood and bamboo stones and gave it to Mifei. Mi Fei later said that the painting was borrowed by a captain of Xu and was not returned.
In Huangzhou, Su Shi also introduced several friends to Mi Fei, including Xu's son-in-law Captain. There are also visiting Su Shi, Jiangxi scribe Dong Yue, Mianyang Taoist Yang Shichang and others. Wang Shen, whose real name is Jin Qing, was born in Taiyuan. He married Princess Shu, the daughter of Yingzong, and was appointed as the secretariat of Dingzhou and the ambassador of Lizhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng, due to Su Shi's involvement, he was demoted. He was responsible for giving Zhao Huajun a marching horse, settled in Zhou Jun and moved to Yingzhou. Wang Jinqing is good at poetry and painting, and also writes lyrics with beautiful style. Xu Dashou, a famous gentleman, was then the magistrate of Huangzhou. Su Shi lived here, felt his love and often made friends with him.
One night, Su Shi and Mi Fei, Wang Shen, Xu Dashou and other friends took a boat to swim on the river under the Red Cliff. The breeze blew slowly and the river rippled slightly. Su Dongpo raised his glass and drank with all his friends. The moon rises from Dongshan, round and bright. White fog hangs over the river, waves and starry sky blend together, and reed-leaf boats fly freely on the vast river. At this time, Su Shi and his friends were drinking, knocking on the ship's rail and singing. Some friends play the flute, and the flute whines and lingers. Hearing the flute, Su Shi couldn't help feeling up and said, How touching this scene is! In Friends, Wang Shen said: "There are few stars in the moon, and blackbirds fly south" is a poem by Cao Mengde. From here to the west, it is the gorge; Looking east, it is Wuchang. This is where Cao Mengde was besieged by Zhou Yu! At that time, Cao Mengde occupied Jingzhou, occupied Jiangling and went down the river. Warships travel thousands of miles, flags cover the sun, wine is sprinkled on the river to pay homage, and spears are used to recite poems. What a hero! Mifei took it and said with a smile, now there is nothing! Su Shi said: Now I am either fishing in the river or collecting firewood on the sandbar, or plowing on the east slope. Wang Shen said: Now we are in the same boat, and we are here to toast each other. People living in the world are as small as ants. Xu Dawei said with emotion: I really envy the flowing water of the Yangtze River when I think of the shortness of life. I imagine how wonderful it is to swim with the gods or to be with the bright moon! Su Shi said: Between heaven and earth, everything has its owner. Only the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are the treasures between heaven and earth, which we can enjoy. Everyone agreed with Su Shi's words, so they raised their glasses and drank them off.
After Huangzhou entered autumn, the weather gradually cooled down, although the summer heat was difficult to eliminate for a while. The mist rises in the morning, and cicadas that sing in autumn begin to sing. On the dozens of acres of land reclaimed by Su Shi and his family on Dongpo, cereal crops are growing vigorously, mid-season rice blooms and bears fruit, pods, corn and millet sprout, and sweet potato leaves and green potato pieces are growing. An agricultural proverb says: There are three rains in beginning of autumn, and rice turns into rice. The autumn rain drips and gold is everywhere.
It was very late this morning, and the sun was still very hot. Su Shi and his family were pulling weeds in the field, and Mi Fei came to visit. Mi Fei said to Su Shi: Brother Dongpo is comparable to Mr. Liu, the fifth son of the Southern Dynasties, and Dongpo here is better than the Peach Blossom Garden! Su Shi smiled and said, Bird is flattering me! There is joy in pain, and there is bitterness in joy. Moreover, go to bed early and get up early, and have fun with chickens; Going to bed early is conducive to the convergence of yang, and getting up early is also for the stretching of lung qi! Mi Fei replied, well, I'll learn from Brother Dongpo and be a farmer once! Su Shi quickly said, my wife leads my family to work, and I dare not be driven away by adults! Su Shi naturally told the children to make tea for Mi Fei.
The topic of conversation between Mi Fei and Su Shi started with poetry and prose. Miffy said: I have been thinking about poetry and prose, and I don't want to repeat what my predecessors said. Mi Fei also said: I can write landscapes, why should I copy ancient Chinese? Especially in Changsha, when I was 30 years old, I was dissatisfied with what I had done before and burned all the fires. And I will never throw one of my poems or a calligraphy work to princes and nobles in my life. If I meet a confidant, I will ask for one or two. This is an exchange between scholars who know each other and cherish each other.
Su Shi smiled and said, Bird! Poetry, prose and calligraphy can't be burned! Your retention can be burned, but the products of poetry, prose and calligraphy left elsewhere are still there!
Miffy, think about it. It's also true.
Su Shi said: Don't be too hard on yourself. Both poems and articles come from nature. Writing poetry and painting, I will use Confucianism to regulate the behavior of "gentlemen" in the coming year, and my skills will return to their original position here. "Technology is close to Tao". Literati, by practicing art, certainly get physical and mental relaxation and entertainment, but also deepen their understanding and experience of Tao.
Su Shi said: Everything in the world has no fixed normality, and the lack of a certain place is its concrete manifestation, just like the peaks and mountains, the waves are rough, the handsome men and ugly women, and the old trees and horses are dead. "Common sense" means "Tao". If you violate the Tao, you lose your common sense and lose everything. Su Shi commented on Wu Daozi's paintings: Wu Sheng's paintings are wonderful, but too detailed. His evaluation of his friend Wen Tong's painting: Wen Tong paints bamboo, but he sees things but not people. ..... Its body is integrated with bamboo, changing endlessly, fresh and lovely.
Mi Fei said to Su Shi, "I paint and I use a pen. I often use smoke to hide trees and stones, which makes no sense. " .
Mi Fei and Su Shi talk about literary theory. Regarding calligraphy, Su Shi said to Mi Fei: Learn the calligraphy style of Jin people.
Mi Yuanzhang and Yuan Feng visited Su Dongpo in Huangzhou for five years. He inherited his own calligraphy viewpoint and began to study Jin people, and his book made great progress.