Pei Di - "Hua Zigang"
Era: Tang Dynasty
Author: Pei Di - "Hua Zigang"
Content
The wind blows from the pines at sunset, and the grass returns to the house with dewy dew.
The cloud light invades the tracks, and the green mountains blow people's clothes.
Appreciation:
Pei Di was one of the pastoral poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and Wang Wei's best friend. Later, Wang Wei lived in seclusion in Wangchuan, Lantian (now part of Shaanxi Province), and "went back and forth on a boat with Pei Di, playing the piano, composing poems, and whistling and chanting all day long." Wangchuan Villa has many scenic spots such as Huazigang, Zhuli Pavilion, and Luchai. Wang Wei and Pei Di each composed twenty five-character quatrains, singing in harmony with each other to sing about its beautiful scenery. "Hua Zigang" is one of them.
In this poem, the poet uses "returning home" as a clue, and organically combines scattered scenery such as the setting sun, pine breeze, grass dew, cloud light, and mountain green through what he sees, hears, and feels. They are combined into an artistic picture with sound, color, movement and stillness, with not much ink but full of charm. The first two sentences of the poem describe the setting sun, the pine breeze and the dew on the grass. They use two verbs in conjunction, one "to rise" and one to "fall", to outline the dusk scene with the setting sun and the early evening breeze very clearly, making the reader feel like they are watching. Watching the sunset slowly sinking against the distant mountains, hearing the rustle of the evening wind blowing through the pine forest, you can initially appreciate the beautiful scenery of nature. "Returning home" corresponds to "sunset", which not only points out that the poet has been traveling for a long time, but also paints a leisurely and contented image of the author who has not exhausted his travels and is strolling and laid off. Below, following the author's footsteps of "returning home", the beautiful scenery of Huazigang is further demonstrated. Deep in the mountains and high hills, there are clouds, fog, and misty water, especially in spring and summer. But now it is an autumn day when the sky is high and the air is crisp (Wang Wei's "Huazigang" written at the same time said: "The mountains are full of autumn colors"). In addition, the pine wind is blowing, the setting sun is shining, the water vapor evaporates quickly, and the green grass is The dew on the grass has evaporated long ago, so it is said that "the grass is wet with dew". The poet's feet felt particularly soft and soft when he stepped on these dried mountain grasses, which had a unique taste.
The last two sentences describe cloud light and mountain green. Cloud light refers to the afterglow of the setting sun. "Invasion" means gradual penetration. "Cloud light invades the traces" not only describes the vivid scene of the poet descending step by step under the setting sun, but also describes the process of the sunset's afterglow gradually dissipating, guiding readers to imagine that the green pine forest is full of changes under the afterglow. of wonders. It can be said that "when one word falls, the whole realm comes out". If it were replaced by words such as "ying" and "zhao", it would lack charm. "Shan Cui" refers to the lush green mountains. Using the word "brush" enhances the sense of movement and makes people imagine how green, lovely, soft and colorful the mountains are. Both "invasion" and "fu" can be said to be "movable characters", which make the sentence come alive, the whole poem come alive, and the clouds, lights and mountains also gain life. They chase the poet's footsteps and flick the poet's clothes, showing their deep affection for the poet. And this reflects the author's love and nostalgia for Hua Zigang, and further expresses the poet's beautiful feelings for Hua Zigang.
The author did not carve the scenery of Huazigang meticulously, but focused on taking in the scenes that best express his taste from the aspects of hearing, vision and touch, and integrated his emotions into the scenery. It is sparse, rich in content, and has a charm of "inexhaustible meaning behind the words". Wang Shizhen said that Wang and Pei Wangchuan's quatrains were incorporated into Zen every word ("Daijingtang Shihua"). The so-called "entering Zen" also refers to nature, natural interest, and charm. This song "Hua Zigang" represents the unique style of Wangchuan's quatrains.
(Xu Dingxiang)