Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
Translation and annotation
translate
From the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake is just flush with the levee, and the white clouds are low and connected with the lake.
A few early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree, and the new swallows were busy building nests and holding mud.
The flowers are blooming, dazzling, and the shallow grass can just cover the horseshoe.
I can't get tired of seeing the beautiful scenery on the east side of the lake. Willow trees cross a white sand embankment under rows of shade.
To annotate ...
Qiantang Lake: West Lake in Hangzhou.
Gushan Temple: Built in the early years of Chen Wendi in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (522 ~ 565), it was named Chengfu and renamed Guanghua in the Song Dynasty. Isolated Mountain: It is between the inner lake and the outer lake of the West Lake, so it is called an isolated mountain because it is not connected with other mountains. There is an isolated mountain pavilion overlooking the West Lake.
Jia Ting: Also called Jia Gongting. A scenic spot in the West Lake was built by Jia Quan in the Tang Dynasty. During the Zhenyuan period of Tang Dynasty (Tang Dezong year, 785 ~ 805), Jia Quan was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou and built a pavilion on the banks of Qiantang River. This pavilion was called "Jia Pavilion" or "Jia Gong Pavilion" and lasted until the end of the Tang Dynasty.
Initial leveling of water surface: the lake is flush with the embankment, that is, the spring water rises at the beginning. Chu: used as an adverb in ancient Chinese, it is often used to express time and express fast.
Low cloud foot: white clouds overlap and connect with the waves on the lake. It seems that the cloud is very low, so the foot of the cloud is low. Point out the starting point and way of spring outing, and focus on depicting the scenery of the lake. It is more common when it rains or just stops raining.
Cloud foot: cloud gas near the ground, which is more common when it begins to rain or stops raining. The original meaning of "foot" refers to the organs that people and animals walk. This refers to the drooping clouds.
Early spring warbler: An oriole comes in early spring. Warbler: oriole, the song is euphemistic and beautiful. Competing to warm the trees: competing to fly to the sunny branches. Warm tree: a tree facing the sun.
Xinyan: A swallow just flew back from the south. Take it. Swallows nest with mud in their mouths. Look up and see what you can see in spring, singing and dancing, full of vitality. Focus on birds.
Miscellaneous flowers: numerous flowers. Gradually: adverb, gradually. Desire: adverb, will, will. Charming eyes: dazzling.
Asakusa: Asakusa.
Talent: Just right.
No (mà): Yes, yes.
Hudong: Taking Gushan as a reference, Baisha Dike (namely Bai Causeway) is in the northeast of Gushan. Insufficient lines: I can't get tired of traveling. That's enough. That's enough.
Yin: The same as "Yin" refers to the shade of trees. Baisha Dike: Today's Bai Causeway, also known as Sand Dike and Broken Bridge Dike, is located on the east bank of West Lake, which existed before the Tang Dynasty. Bai Causeway was built by Bai Juyi when he was the secretariat of Hangzhou, and it is another place outside Qiantang Gate.
Artistic feature
Sentimentality in the landscape is the main feature of this poem. It not only writes a strong feeling of spring, but also writes a strong feeling of natural beauty. In the poem, feelings are attached to the scenery, and between the lines, the joyful and relaxed feelings and delicate and fresh feelings about the spring scenery of the West Lake are revealed.
Make an appreciative comment
This is a famous poem describing the beauty of the West Lake. This poem captures the characteristics of the local environment and seasons, and depicts the West Lake, which has just put on a spring coat, as full of business and just right.
The first poem sticks to the theme and always writes about the lake. The previous sentence points out the location of Qiantang Lake and the surrounding "uneven towers". The use of two place names shows that the poet is walking and watching. On the front of the latter sentence, the lake is as bright as water: at the beginning of spring, the water surface is flush with the embankment, and the white clouds in the air are connected with the rippling waves on the lake, which is a typical water state of Jiangnan Spring Lake.
Couplets from static to dynamic, from panoramic freehand brushwork to detailed meticulous painting. First, write down what you can see when you look up. Yingying is singing and swallows are dancing, showing the vitality of spring. Both the oriole and the swallow are messengers of spring, and the warbler's voice is euphemistic, spreading the good news of spring returning to the earth; Swallows are hardworking, inspiring people to start working in spring. They all write the vitality of early spring. The word "several places" summarizes Ying Ge's call to the other and the poet's modality of seeking sound from left to right. The doubt about the word "whose family" shows the poet's delicate psychological activities and makes readers have rich associations.
Writing with a neckband overlooks the flowers and plants you see. Because it's early spring, and it's not the season for flowers to bloom, what we see is not colorful flowers, but a cluster of flowers in the east and a cluster in the west, which is described by the word "chaos". Spring grass does not grow luxuriantly, only it is not as long as horseshoe, so it is described by a word "shallow". The "gradual desire" and "talent" in this association are also the feelings and judgments of the poet's observation and appreciation, which makes the objective natural scenery become the scenery in the eyes with the poet's subjective feelings and infect readers.
These two couplets describe the scenery of the West Lake in detail, and express Yingying Yan's new arrival with "early", "new", "struggle" and "pecking". Using "chaos", "shallowness", "gradual desire" and "talent" to describe the thriving trend of flowers and plants accurately and vividly reveals the early spring weather that the poet felt while walking, giving people a fresh feeling. Xie Lingyun, a former poet, said, "Spring grass grows in the pool and willow turns into songbirds in the garden", which is wonderful in ancient and modern times and greatly appreciated because he wrote the joy of love at first sight when the four seasons change. The above two couplets of Qiantang Spring Tour are quite similar in artistic conception, but the white poems are more widely spread. William wrote about the poet's favorite sandbar in the east of the lake. Qiantang Lake, which runs through Bai Causeway, is located in the east of the lake and can win the whole lake. I saw that under the shade of Populus cathayana, the flat and slender white sand embankment was lying in the blue waves, and the people riding on the embankment were knitting and enjoying the beauty of spring. In the meantime, the poet enjoyed the lakes and mountains and was relaxed and happy. "Lack of action" means that the natural scenery is beautiful and the poet is still alive.
This poem is like a short and pithy travel note, from Gushan and Jiading to Hudong and Bai Causeway. Along the way, in the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains, green mountains and green waters, the poet feasted his eyes, sang and danced, and was intoxicated by the birds and flowers. Finally, he reluctantly left along the white sand embankment under the shade of willows. My ears are still echoing the hymns of spring played by all things, and beautiful poems full of the interest of natural integration flow in my heart involuntarily.
Predecessors said that "Lotte's poems are full of emotions, which enter people's liver and spleen, follow things, and are everywhere" (Su Hua), and that "Lotte's poems are extremely profound and lovely, and they often take what is in front of them as their own words, while others have not done it" (China). The language of this poem is simple, fresh and natural, and carefully selected shots are written into the poem by line drawing. Vivid image, that is, the scene is emotional, and the author's joy when he visited the lake in the early spring with abundant business is worthy of the above comments.
Translation and Notes 2
translate
Bypassing the north of Gushan Temple, strolling in the west of Jiagong Pavilion, the white clouds hang low at the beginning of the lake.
Several warm trees that the oriole came out early competed for sunshine, and the new swallows were busy building nests and holding mud.
Wild flowers will be dazzling when they are competing to open, and spring grass has just crossed the horseshoe before it grows tall.
The beautiful scenery in the east of the favorite lake is unforgettable. Rows of willow trees pass through a white sand embankment.
Creation background
In July of the second year of Changqing (822 AD, Tang Muzong period), Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou, and in March of Bao Liyuan (825 AD, Tang Jingzong period), he was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou, so this song "Qiantang Spring Tour" was written in the spring of the third and fourth years of Changqing (823 and 824 AD).
structure
The first couplet focuses on the big picture and writes about the scenery seen by Gushan Temple. The first sentence is the location of the author's parade in early spring, and the second sentence is the prospect. "Chuping", the spring water rises, and the distance is flush with the shore. "Low cloud feet" means that the white clouds are low and connected with the lake, and the outline of early spring is outlined. The calm water at the foot and the low-hanging cloud curtain in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake.
The whole poem has tight structure, strict meter, neat antithesis, fluent language and vivid and natural tone, which embodies the characteristics of popularity and fluency. Generally speaking, the poet describes the spring on the lake and is good at describing the scenery on the way. He chose the combination of typical and classified arrangement: writing four most beautiful spring scenes in the middle, combining animals and plants, and having a unique style. He is also good at grasping the characteristics of the scenery and using the most expressive words to describe and render it.
Appreciation of the original and translation of "Spring Tour of Qiantang River" 2 Spring Tour of Qiantang River by Bai Juyi
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.
Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
To annotate ...
Selected from Bai Changqing Collection. Qiantang Lake is the West Lake of Hangzhou.
1, Gushan Temple: Built in the early years of Emperor Chen Wendi in the Southern Dynasties (560 ~ 566), it was named Chengfu and renamed Guanghua in the Song Dynasty. Isolated Mountain: It is between the inner lake and the outer lake of the West Lake, so it is called an isolated mountain because it is not connected with other mountains. There is an isolated mountain pavilion overlooking the West Lake.
2. Jia Ting: Also called Jia Gongting. A scenic spot in the West Lake was built by Jia Quan in the Tang Dynasty. In the Zhenyuan period of Tang Dynasty (785 ~ 804 AD), Jia Quan became the secretariat of Hangzhou and built a pavilion in Qiantang Cave. This pavilion was called "Jia Pavilion" or "Jia Gong Pavilion" and lasted until the end of the Tang Dynasty.
3. Initial leveling of the water surface: In spring, the lake began to rise, and the water surface just leveled the lake shore. Chu: Adverb, just now. Low cloud foot: refers to the low cloud, as if connected with the lake. Point out the starting point and way of spring outing, and focus on depicting the scenery of the lake. Cloud foot: cloud gas close to the ground, which is more common when it rains or stops raining.
4. Early Spring Warbler: An oriole comes in early spring. Warbler: oriole, the song is euphemistic and beautiful.
5. Try to warm the tree: try to fly to the sunny branches.
Xinyan: A swallow just flew back from the south.
7. Here. Swallows nest with mud in their mouths. Look up and see what you can see in spring, singing and dancing, full of vitality. Focus on birds.
8. Warm trees: sunny trees.
9, disorderly flowers: flowers are blooming. Gradually: adverb, gradually. Desire: adverb, will, will. Charming eyes: dazzling. Shallow grass: Spring grass that just grows out of the ground and is not too high. Talent: Just right. No: yes, yes. Looking down on the spring outing, the flowers are tender and the grass is tender, and the spring is full. Focus on flowers and plants.
10, lack of travel: I will never get tired of traveling.
1 1, Yin: the same as "Yin", which means tree shade.
12. Baisha dike: it is now Bai Causeway, also known as sand dike and broken bridge dike. Located on the east bank of the West Lake, it existed before the Tang Dynasty. Bai Causeway was built by Bai Juyi when he was the secretariat of Hangzhou, and it is another place outside Qiantang Gate. The poet from north to west, from south to east, surrounded the lake for a week, and at the end of the poem, he expressed his deep affection with his "favorite".
13, cloud foot: cloud gas close to the ground is more common when it begins to rain or stops raining.
14, no (mò): dive.
15, Hudong: Taking Gushan as a reference.
16, insufficient: insufficient.
The whole poem takes the word "line" as a clue, starting from Gushan Temple and ending in Baisha Land. Focusing on the word "spring", this paper writes the joy that the beautiful scenery in early spring brings to tourists. Especially in the middle four sentences, people are in the scenery, and people are in the scenery, writing the feeling of natural beauty. It is unconventional and innovative to say that "shallow grass can live without horseshoes" instead of green grass. From the structural point of view, from describing the scenery around Gushan Temple to describing the scenery around Baisha Land, there is no trace of transformation, and the connection is very natural.
translate
Strolling by the west lake. Gushan Temple extends from the north to the west of Jiagongting. At high tide, the lake is just flush with the levee, and the white clouds overlap with the waves on the lake. A few early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree. I don't know whose new swallow is nesting with spring mud in its mouth. Some colorful spring flowers (wild flowers) gradually fascinated people's eyes, and the shallow spring grass just covered the horseshoe. I like walking in the east of the West Lake and enjoying the beautiful scenery. If I don't appreciate it enough, I will go to see the charming broken bridge in Green Liu Xia.
Make an appreciative comment
A Spring Tour in Qiantang vividly depicts the beautiful scenery the poet saw when he strolled the West Lake in early spring. This is a hymn to the beautiful spring and the beautiful scenery of the West Lake. The first poem is always about the lake, and the first sentence points out the location of Qiantang Lake and the "uneven view of the building" around it. These two place names are used together. It also gives readers a sense of movement, indicating that the poet is walking and watching. On the front of the latter sentence, the lake is as bright as water: at the beginning of spring, the water surface is flush with the embankment, and the white clouds in the air are connected with the rippling waves on the lake, which is a typical water state of Jiangnan Spring Lake. Zhuan Xu writes about birds and warblers sing and dance, which shows the vitality of spring.
Both the oriole and the swallow are messengers of spring, and the oriole sends the good news of spring back to the earth with its euphemistic and smooth voice. Swallows wear flowers and paste water, build nests with mud, inspire people to start working in spring, and write the vitality of early spring.
The word "several places" summarizes Ying Ge's call to the other and the poet's modality of seeking sound from left to right. The doubt about the word "whose family" shows the poet's delicate psychological activities and makes readers have rich associations. Writing with a neckband overlooks the flowers and plants you see. Because it is early spring, it is not the season of flowers, so what we can see is not rich and colorful. But a cluster in the east and a cluster in the west, which is described by a word "chaos".
Spring grass does not grow luxuriantly, only it is not as long as horseshoe, so it is described by a word "shallow". The "gradual desire" and "talent" in this association are also the feelings and judgments of the poet's observation and appreciation, which makes the objective natural scenery become the scenery in the eyes with the poet's subjective feelings and infect readers. These two couplets describe the scenery of the West Lake in detail, and express Yingying Yan's new arrival with "early", "new", "struggle" and "pecking". Using "chaos", "shallowness", "gradual desire" and "talent" to describe the thriving trend of flowers and plants accurately and vividly reveals the early spring weather that the poet felt while walking, giving people a fresh feeling. The previous generation poet Xie Lingyun's phrase "Spring grass grows in the pond, and willow in the garden turns into songbirds" ("Pond Upstairs") is wonderful in ancient and modern times, precisely because he wrote the joy of love at first sight when the four seasons change. The above two couplets of Qiantang Spring Tour are quite similar in artistic conception, but the white poems are more widely spread. William wrote about the poet's favorite sandbar in the east of the lake.
Qiantang Lake, which runs through Bai Causeway, is located in the east of the lake and can win the whole lake. I saw that under the shade of Populus cathayana, the flat and slender white sand embankment was lying in the blue waves, and the people riding on the embankment were knitting and enjoying the beauty of spring. In the meantime, the poet enjoyed the lakes and mountains and was relaxed and happy. "Lack of line" shows that the natural scenery is beautiful, the poet is still lingering, and the concentrated and full feelings give readers endless aftertaste.
In the history of China, many famous people have been studying history in Hangzhou, a paradise. But the most famous are Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo, two great writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties. They not only left their achievements in Hangzhou, but also circulated many poems describing the beauty of Hangzhou and its West Lake, so some people called them "romantic satrap".
Bai Juyi's "Spring Tour in Qiantang" is a well-known one. This poem not only depicts the charming spring scenery of the West Lake and the vitality of everything bathed in spring scenery, but also tells the whole story of the poet himself intoxicated with this beautiful scenery, which makes people deeply moved by the author's attitude towards spring and spring while enjoying the intoxicating scenery of the West Lake.
"Gushan Temple is north of Jiating West, and the water level is low." The first sentence of the poem is the place, and the second sentence is the vision. The lonely mountain is located between the back lake and the outer lake of the West Lake, with overlapping peaks and emerald green hills, and there is a lonely mountain temple on it, which is beautiful to climb and see. Jia Ting, also known as Jia Gongting, was published in Tang Yulin for six years. During the Zhenyuan period, when Jia Quan was appointed as a historian in Hangzhou, he built a pavilion in the West Lake. The clothes rack is called Jiagongting, which will not be abandoned after 50 or 60 years. Zhenyuan is the national title of Tang Dezong, from 780 to 805. When Bai Juyi wrote this poem, his pavilion was still there and it was also a scenic spot in the West Lake. At first, Bai Juyi came to the north of Gushan Temple and the west of Jiagongting. Looking around, I saw spring water rippling, clouds hanging low, lakes and mountains. Chuping expresses Bai Juyi's unique feelings about the West Lake in spring.
Due to the continuous spring rain, today's lake looks much higher than in winter, and seems to be at the same level as the line of sight. This feeling that the water surface is flush with the line of sight is only possible for people facing the vast water surface, and it is also a feeling that can be written by people who have a deep understanding and love for the West Lake.
At this moment, the calm water at the foot and the low-hanging cloud curtain in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake. When the poet was silently watching the virgin charm of the West Lake, the crisp birdsong came from his ear, which broke his meditation, so he withdrew his eyes from the intersection of water and clouds and found that he was actually in a beautiful world full of spring.
Appreciation of the original text and translation of Spring Tour in Qiantang River III. Spring outing in Qiantang River
Tang Dynasty: Bai Juyi
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.
Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
translate
Going to the north of Gushan Temple and the west of Jiagongting, I stopped for a moment and looked up, but I saw the water level rising and the white clouds drooping, which was beautiful.
A few orioles, scrambling to fly to the sunny tree, whose swallow brought spring mud to build a new nest?
Colorful flowers, almost charming eyes and green weeds just covered the horseshoe.
The scenery in the east of the lake is unforgettable, and the most lovely thing is the white sand embankment hidden by Populus davidiana.
To annotate ...
(1) Qiantang Lake: West Lake in Hangzhou.
⑵ Gushan Temple: It was built in the early years of Chen Wendi in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (522 ~ 565) and renamed Guanghua in the Song Dynasty. Isolated Mountain: It is between the inner lake and the outer lake of the West Lake, so it is called an isolated mountain because it is not connected with other mountains. There is an isolated mountain pavilion overlooking the West Lake. Jia Ting: Also called Jia Gongting. A scenic spot in the West Lake was built by Jia Quan in the Tang Dynasty. During the Zhenyuan period of Tang Dynasty (Tang Dezong year, 785 ~ 805), Jia Quan was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou and built a pavilion on the banks of Qiantang River. This pavilion was called "Jia Pavilion" or "Jia Gong Pavilion" and lasted until the end of the Tang Dynasty.
(3) Initial leveling of the water surface: the lake is flush with the embankment, that is, the spring water rises at the beginning. Chu: used as an adverb in ancient Chinese, it is often used to express time and express fast. Low cloud foot: white clouds overlap and connect with the waves on the lake. It seems that the cloud is very low, so the foot of the cloud is low. Point out the starting point and way of spring outing, and focus on depicting the scenery of the lake. It is more common when it rains or just stops raining. Cloud foot: cloud gas near the ground, which is more common when it begins to rain or stops raining. The original meaning of "foot" refers to the organs that people and animals walk. This refers to the drooping clouds.
(4) Early Warbler: an oriole who comes early in early spring. Warbler: oriole, the song is euphemistic and beautiful. Competing to warm the trees: competing to fly to the sunny branches. Warm tree: a tree facing the sun.
5. Xinyan: A swallow just flew back from the south. Take it. Swallows nest with mud in their mouths. Look up and see what you can see in spring, singing and dancing, full of vitality. Focus on birds.
[6] Miscellaneous flowers: There are many flowers. Gradually: adverb, gradually. Desire: adverb, will, will. Charming eyes: dazzling.
(7) Asakusa: Asakusa. Talent: Just right. No (mà): Yes, yes. Looking down on the spring outing, the flowers are tender and the grass is tender, and the spring is full. Focus on flowers and plants. Asakusa has just arrived at the horseshoe.
⑻ Hudong: Taking Gushan as a reference, Baisha Dike (i.e. Bai Causeway) is in the northeast of Gushan. Insufficient lines: I can't get tired of traveling. That's enough. That's enough.
Yin: The same as "Yin" refers to the shade of trees. Baisha Dike: Today's Bai Causeway, also known as Sand Dike and Broken Bridge Dike, is located on the east bank of West Lake, which existed before the Tang Dynasty. Bai Causeway was built by Bai Juyi when he was the secretariat of Hangzhou, and it is another place outside Qiantang Gate.
References:
1, Gong et al. Notes on Bai Juyi's selected poems. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1998: 152.
2. Wu Dakui Ma Xiujuan. Selected poems of Yuan Juyi. Chengdu: Bashu Bookstore, 199 1: 255-257.
3. Zhang. Comments on the translation of the essence notes of Tang poetry. Changchun: Changchun Publishing House, 20xx: 536-537.