The northern painting school is represented by Hao Jing, Guan Tong, Li Cheng and Fan Kuan. The Southern School of Painting is represented by Dong Yuan and Ju Ran. Guan Tong is a disciple of Hao Jing, and his landscape paintings often show the characteristics of mountains and rivers in Shaanxi and Gansu. Mi Fei said he was in the Northern Song Dynasty? When the river is closed, the peaks are not so exquisite? . In artistic conception, Guan Tong even surpassed Hao Jing. Have their own style, known as. Close the landscape? . His painting style is very simple and is known as? The simpler the pen, the stronger the spirit, the less scenery and the longer the meaning? . Guan Tong likes to describe the crisp mountains in autumn, the lives of villagers and hermits living in the mountains, and the pictures are nuanced and very realistic, as if he were in them, with strong artistic appeal. He and Hao Jing are also called? Watch? . People in the Northern Song Dynasty listed him as Li Cheng and Fan Kuan? Three Zhi Ding? , has a great influence. Guan Tong's handed down works include "Waiting for the Mountain" and "Travel Map of Guanshan".
The artistic features of Hao Jing, the founder of Northern Landscape Painting School. Pen and ink, water is light.
Hao Jing's words are always quoted in the works of painting history and painting theory: Wu Daozi painted landscapes with a pen but no ink, and painted necks with ink and no pen. I should adopt the strengths of my second son and become a family. ? He himself said in the book "Calligraphy":? With class, there has been energy since ancient times; Such as water faint ink chapter, xing I don. ? These two paragraphs really sum up a major feature of Hao Jing's art.
Since the Six Dynasties, landscape paintings have always taken green as the color and crossed colors. Ink and wash landscape painting began to appear in the middle of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, among which Zhang Yun, Wang Wei, Wang Qia and others were pioneers, but the whole society has not yet formed an atmosphere. In the Five Dynasties, ink landscape painting became more and more mature. After the further development of Hao Jing, it became a theory? Have a pen and ink? And pay more attention to the use of water. The combination of pen and ink painting is more helpful to express the ever-changing weather of nature, which is an expansion in painting aesthetics and obviously helps to eliminate the rigid handwriting in technique. As mentioned in the poem "Big Fool"? Light ink, light wild clouds? , is the subtle artistic effect of ink painting.
The characteristics of Hao Jing's pen have always been recorded and analyzed differently. Someone said it was him? Cut it with an axe, sketch it with trees and stones, and brush it like a seal? (Li Zuoxian); Someone said it was him? Youcheng (Wang Wei) has a little less sesame seeds, so it is changed into small hemp for stretching. (Buyantu); Others said? Its mountains and trees are all written with bald pens, which look like ancient seals. How old are they? (Sun Chengze). These statements show that Hao Jing has integrated the strength of the seal script method with his pen, and he is still exploring writing methods with different faces. In the Song Dynasty, he carefully recorded that he saw two pictures of Hao Jing's fishing music, and there were several books inscribed on them, "The Fisherman's Ci", which was very similar to Liu Gongquan's style in the Tang Dynasty. Previous records are worthy of reference.
Before Hao Jing's landscape painting, there were few magnificent mountains and rivers and panoramic layouts. Because of the majestic Taihang Mountain, his aesthetic vision has undergone important changes, and he realized? Like mountains and rivers, momentum is mutual? . Because he looked at the majestic momentum of the vast space and finally founded it? Drive thousands of miles? A new model.
Song in Painting by Shen Kuo in the Northern Song Dynasty wrote:? The most beautiful scenery in the painting is Miao Yan, with Mocha Mountain on both sides. Li grasped the chemical industry, and Jing Hao opened a thousand miles of graph theory. Shi Lan, Fan Kuan, has a deep smoke forest, and the dead wood pass is extremely difficult to compare with it. Ju Ran, a monk from Dongyuan in the south of the Yangtze River, is an organic whole. ? Hao Jing paid attention to the vastness of the vast space, which reflected the deepening of people's aesthetic understanding of nature at that time. He named the different parts and shapes of mountain streams observed in reality as peaks, crests, mountains, ridges, caves, cliffs, rocks, valleys, streams and streams. And pointed out that we should grasp the laws of natural landscape as a whole. Although the peaks above are different, the hills below are connected, and the fairies are hidden, vaguely far and near. ? Is it formed in the all-round examination of up and down, distance, reality, subject and object, and various objects? Like mountains and rivers, momentum is mutual? The overall concept of the Great Wall is often characterized by abrupt peaks, heavy rocks and great momentum.
Mi Fei, a Song Dynasty poet who collected works, summarized the characteristics of landscape painting as? Suitable for the top of the mountain in the cloud, with thick sides? ; Say it again? The top of the mountain is a dense forest, and the water is a sudden stone? . From this, we can imagine a magnificent pattern. Gu Fu, a Qing man, described the cloud valley in Jing Zuo in Splendid Life? If the peak is repeated and the potential is broken, but the mountain is muddy and has no cross-section? . What is said here is that I am good at dealing with the relationship between the whole and the part, and the details are real and concrete, which has not affected Seamless Mountain. He also pointed out that Hao Jing has done more? A pen for finding a husband? That? Can't the overall situation cross the line? . However, Hao Jing can also do it on a small scale. For example, the album was rated as Gathering Clouds? Thousands of miles away, ink and wash are beautiful. .
Hao Jing is good at creating autumn and winter scenes. His descriptions in past dynasties include Autumn Mountain Tower Scene, Autumn Mountain Map, autumn scenery Fisherman Map, Autumn Mountain Temple Map, Autumn Night Map in Chushan and so on. Chushan Autumn Night Map by Huang Zan in Yuan Dynasty? Beautiful bones and profound thoughts? And compose a poem:? The sky is high, the wind is blue, and clouds are everywhere. The path was blocked, and suddenly the yellow leaves woke up, and the tree was still listening to the cock crow in the afternoon. Shan Weng was interviewed by the truth, and the wild guest didn't mean to get drunk. The most beautiful autumn scenery is a window. Red Valley was famous in the past. ? From the poem, you can imagine that the sky is crisp, the trees are bare, the clouds are lingering, people are coming and going, Shan Ye is talking, strangers are drinking, and chickens crow at noon. Everything revolves around rendering one? Autumn? Words. This is a realm of sparse autumn colors and rich life breath. It can be seen that the mountains and rivers in Hao Jing are full of rich details, with both momentum and endurance.
Hao Jing, a painter of the Northern Liang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, founded the Northern Song Painting School and wrote the classic Bi Tan, which made outstanding contributions to landscape painting. However, Hao Jing's works, including Guan Tong and Sung Jae Lee, have not survived. From the actual records and related manuscripts of later generations, we can see that among Jing, Guan and Li, Li Cheng played a decisive role.
Mi Zeng feiyun:? Li Chengzhen saw two books, but the fake ones were 300 pounds. ? It can be seen that Li Cheng's influence is enormous. His ink landscape makes good use of the charm of light ink, which embodies the beauty of landscape and shows the way of Wen Xiu. Miffy also talked about: Li cheng's light ink is like a dream fog, and the stone moves like a mountain. ? Li Cheng created it? Cirrus? Although his works have not been left behind, we can see its manifestations from Guo's paintings under Li Cheng. ? Cirrus? It is one of the earliest and most influential landscape painting methods.
Hao Jing was born in Jiyuan, Henan. Jiyuan is bordered by Taihang Mountain in the north, King Wu in the west, Yellow River in the south, and Luoyang, the ancient capital. It has always had a strong style of writing. Qinhe River flows out of Taihang Mountain from the northwest, with steep cliffs and long valleys on both sides. Hao Jing's hometown is located in Guduitou Village, fifteen miles northeast of the county seat, and there is a tomb site of Hao Jing.
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