Text refers to the text in a textbook, which is different from notes and exercises, and generally appears in Chinese or geography. English, with dialogues and essays. The following is the text of the book of commandments, the first volume of the seventh grade, which I brought to you, hoping to help you!
Admonishing Book
Author: Zhuge Liang
A gentleman's trip is quiet to cultivate one's morality, frugality to cultivate one's morality, no clear ambition unless he stays at a distance (lightly), and no distance until he is quiet. If you study quietly, you must learn. If you don't study, you can't learn widely. If you don't have ambition, you can't succeed. You can't be energetic if you are slow, and you can't cure sex if you are dangerous. Years go with the times, meaning goes with the days, and then they become withered, and they don't meet the world, and they are sad to stay in the poor house. What will happen?
Knowledge points in the Book of Commandments
1. Flexible use of parts of speech:
1. Only if you don't learn can you be broad: make it move, make it wide
2. If you don't have the will, you can't succeed in learning: make it move, make it become
3. Many people can't catch up with the world: make a name for themselves, most people. He was an outstanding politician, strategist and strategist. He was born in an official family of his time, and his wisdom was recognized by everyone, and he was called "Wolong". Marry the daughter of Huang Chengyan.
2. This Book of Commandments not only explains the ways and methods of self-cultivation, but also points out the relationship between determination and learning; It not only explains the importance of tranquility and indifference, but also points out the harm of indulgence, neglect and extreme impatience. Zhuge Liang is not only strict with his son in terms of big principles, but also shows subtle concern for his children in some specific matters. In this book of commandments, there is the power of tranquility: "quiet to cultivate one's morality", "nothing is far without tranquility"; Have the power of thrift: "frugality to cultivate morality"; Have the power of detachment: "If you don't stay at home, you can't be clear-minded"; Have the power to be eager to learn: "If you study quietly, you have to learn"; Inspirational power: "If you don't learn, you can't be versatile, and if you don't have ambition, you can't learn"; The power of speed: "you can't be excited if you are slow"; The power of character: "you can't cure sex if you are dangerous"; Have the power to cherish the time: "years go with the times, meaning goes with the years"; Have the power of imagination: "If you become withered, you will not meet the world, and you will stay in poverty, where will you return?"; Have the power of simplicity. This article is just a few tens, and the message it conveys is much better than a long speech.
3. This paper discusses the multi-level relationship: learning and quietness, talent and learning, learning and ambition.
4. Idioms from this article: indifferent to fame and fortune, quiet and far-reaching.
5. The best state of learning: indifference and tranquility.
6. Give examples to illustrate the characteristics of the sentence pattern in this article:
For example, if you don't stay at home, you won't be able to make your ambition clear, and if you don't be quiet, you won't be far away. Quiet to cultivate one's morality, frugality to cultivate morality
Use many antithetical sentences, which are neat in sentence structure, strong in rhythm and profound in meaning
Third, recite silently as required:
1. The sentences in the article that advise children to cultivate their body and mind and meditate and reflect are: quiet to cultivate one's morality; Nothing is far from tranquility; Learning must be quiet.
2. The sentence that emphasizes the relationship between hard study and success is: only you have to learn. If you don't learn, you can't be versatile, and if you don't want to learn, you can't succeed.
3. The summary of Zhuge Liang's life experience, the eternal famous sentence of his son's teachings and expectations: you can't be clear-minded unless you are indifferent, and you can't be far away unless you are quiet.
4. Sentences that reflect Zhuge Liang's thoughts and mentality of observing everything calmly, thinking calmly and living calmly: unless you are indifferent, you can't be clear-minded, unless you are quiet, you can't make it far.
5. Two sentences often quoted by people in this article are: If you are indifferent, you can't be clear, and if you are quiet, you can't be far.
IV. Poems or couplets related to Zhuge Liang
Du Fu: Shu Xiang
where is the temple of the famous Premier? In a deep pine grove near the City of Silk.
with the green grass of spring colouring the steps, and birds chirping happily under the leaves.
the third summons weighted him with affairs of state, and to two generations he gave his true heart.
but before he could conquer, he was dead, and heroes have wept on their coats ever since!
Eight Array Map
the Three Kingdoms, divided, have been bound by his greatness, the Eight-Sided Fortress is founded on his fame.
beside the changing river, it stands stony as his grief, that he never conquered the Kingdom of Wu
A couplet praising Zhuge Liang's merits and demerits in Sichuan:
"Only be cautious in your life, seven times to cross the south, six times to travel to the north, when five feet will collapse and destroy, and nine times to cut your ambition will be respected; Ten times the honor of the lotus, eight battles are famous, two rivers are blessed, and the four sides are elite. Three points of merit will belong to the founding fathers. "
"two watches and three cares, one pair is enough for a thousand years."
This couplet uses only ten short words, praising Zhuge Liang's life achievements of being wise, devoted to his life and dying. The so-called "two tables" refers to the first and second "models" made by Zhuge Liang for the great cause of Shu and Han after he entered Sichuan; Returning "a pair" refers to the "Longzhong Dui" written by Liu Bei when he visited the thatched cottage, in which Zhuge Liang has an incisive analysis of "three points in the world".
appreciation of the original text of the book of commandments
The book of commandments
Zhuge Liang of the Han Dynasty
During the trip of a gentleman, it was quiet to cultivate one's morality and frugality to cultivate one's morality. If you don't stay in the park, you won't have a clear ambition, and if you don't be quiet, you won't be far away. If you study quietly, you must learn. If you don't study, you can't learn widely. If you don't have ambition, you can't succeed. If you are slow, you can't be energetic, and if you are dangerous, you can't control your sex. Years go with the times, meaning goes with the days, and then they become withered, and they don't meet the world, and they are sad to stay in the poor house. What will happen? (Tanbo's first work: indifferent; A slow work of lewdness: slow)
Notes
(1) Caution: warning, advising people to be vigilant.
(2) Fu (fú): the words at the beginning of a paragraph or sentence lead to the following discussion, which is meaningless. Gentleman: A person of noble character. Refers to ethics, morality and conduct.
(3) Self-cultivation: personal moral cultivation.
(4) moral cultivation: moral cultivation.
⑸ (à n) mooring: also written as "indifferent", quiet and not greedy for fame and fortune. Inner peace, no desire for fame and fortune. Have no desire. Mingzhi: Show your lofty aspirations.
[6] serenity: it means being quiet, concentrating and not distracting. Zhiyuan: achieve great goals.
(7) talent: talent.
being versatile: increasing talents.
9: achieve.
⑽? (tāo) Slow: careless. Slow: slack, lazy. Exhaustion: dedication, concentration, encouragement, and excitement.
⑾ impetuous: adventurous and impatient, narrow and impetuous, as opposed to the above "quiet". Governance: "governance" leads to "metallurgy" and cultivates temperament.
⑿ and: follow. Chi: sprint, here means growth.
[13] Day: time. Go: pass away, pass away.
3. hence, just. Litter: dead branches and leaves, which mean falling like dead leaves, describe people passing away in their prime.
⒂: It means that there is no contribution to society. Connecting with the world, getting in touch with society and undertaking affairs are beneficial to society. It means "using the world".
[16] poor house: a broken house.
⒄ What will happen? How can it be too late?
⒅ slow sex: excessive enjoyment, slack. Prostitution: excessive.
Translation
A gentleman's conduct should improve his self-cultivation from tranquility and cultivate his moral character from frugality. You can't make your ambition clear unless you are quiet, and you can't achieve your lofty goals without excluding external interference. Learning must be quiet and single-minded, and talent comes from learning. Therefore, if you don't study, you can't grow your talents, and if you don't have ambition, you can't make achievements in learning. Indulge in laziness can't cheer you up, and impatience and adventure can't cultivate your temperament. Time flies at any time, and the will passes with the years. In the end, most of them are out of touch with the world and are not used by society. They can only sit in the poor house sadly. How can they regret it at that time?
Appreciation of
Ancient family instructions mostly condensed the author's life experiences, life experiences and academic thoughts, from which not only his descendants benefited a lot, but also today's readers can learn a lot. Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu and Han Dynasties in the Three Kingdoms, was praised as "the embodiment of wisdom" by later generations. His Book of Commandments can also be described as a family instruction full of wisdom and a masterpiece in ancient family instructions. This paper expounds the profound truth of self-cultivation and scholarship, which is thought-provoking to read. It can also be regarded as Zhuge Liang's summary of his life, and later it became a famous piece of self-cultivation and determination.
The main purpose of "The Book of Commandments" is to encourage my son to study hard and be determined, and to cultivate self-cultivation should work hard from indifference and tranquility, and avoid laziness and rashness. This paper summarizes the experience of being a man and doing research, focusing on a word "quiet", and at the same time attributing failure to a word "mania", which is in sharp contrast.
In the Book of Commandments, Zhuge Liang taught his son to be "quiet" and "quiet", encouraged his son to study hard and inspire himself, and made great efforts in his quiet self-cultivation. He said, "If you study quietly, you have to learn. If you don't learn, you don't have a wide range of talents. If you don't have ambition, you don't have a chance to learn." It means that you can't study hard for a long time in order to realize your lofty ideals without stability and tranquility. To gain true knowledge, you must study and discuss your body and mind in tranquility, and people's talents are accumulated from continuous learning. You can't grow and develop your talents without hard work; You can't succeed in your studies without firm will. Zhuge Liang educates his son not to be impetuous and behave absurdly. In the second half of the letter, he earnestly taught his son in a fatherly tone: if the young don't work hard, the old will be sad. This seems to be a cliche, but it is taught by a loving father to his son. Every word is the truth in his heart and the summary of his life, so it is particularly cherished.
this book of commandments not only explains the ways and methods of self-cultivation, but also points out the relationship between determination and learning; It not only explains the importance of tranquility and indifference, but also points out the harm of indulgence, neglect and extreme impatience. Zhuge Liang is not only strict with his son in terms of big principles, but also shows subtle concern for his children in some specific matters. In this book of commandments, there is the power of tranquility: "quiet to cultivate one's morality", "nothing is far without tranquility"; Have the power of thrift: "frugality to cultivate morality"; Have the power of detachment: "If you don't stay at home, you can't be clear-minded"; Have the power to be eager to learn: "If you study quietly, you have to learn"; Inspirational power: "If you don't learn, you can't be versatile, and if you don't have ambition, you can't learn"; The power of speed: "you can't be excited if you are slow"; The power of character: "you can't cure sex if you are dangerous"; Have the power to cherish the time: "years go with the times, meaning goes with the years"; Have the power of imagination: "If you become withered, you will not meet the world, and you will stay in poverty, where will you return?"; Have the power of simplicity. This article is just a few tens, and the message it conveys is much better than a long speech.
The article is short and pithy, concise, fresh and elegant, unpretentious, and approachable in reasoning, which are the characteristics of this article.
The author introduces
Zhuge Liang (181-234), born in Yangdu, Xuzhou (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province), the Han nationality, was an outstanding politician, strategist, essayist and calligrapher in Shu and Han Dynasties. When he was alive, he was named the marquis of Wuxiang, and after his death, he pursued loyalty to the marquis of Wuhou. The Eastern Jin regime specially pursued him as the king of Wuxing. Zhuge Liang worked hard to help the Shu-Han regime, and did his best to die. His representative prose works include "A Model" and "A Book of Commandments". He once invented the wooden ox, the Kongming lantern and so on, and transformed the crossbow, called Zhuge Liancrossbow, which can hit all targets with one crossbow. He died in Wuzhangyuan (now in Qishan, Baoji) in 234. Zhuge Liang was greatly respected in later generations and became a model of loyal ministers and the embodiment of wisdom. Chengdu, Baoji, Hanzhong, Nanyang and other places have Wuhou Temple, and Du Fu wrote Shu Xiang to praise Zhuge Liang.