Cao Cao (155 ~ 220), namely Wei Wudi. Politicians, militarists and poets in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The word Meng De, small print, alias Joe (now Bo County, Anhui Province). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, during the suppression of the Yellow Scarf Army, the military strength gradually expanded. In the third year of Chuping (AD 192), Yanzhou was occupied, and part of Qingzhou Yellow Scarf Army was lured to become "Qingzhou soldiers". The first year of Jian 'an (196), Xian Di Xu (now Henan). Relying on the emperor to be a vassal, he successively calmed down the separatist forces such as Lu Bu. After the battle of Guandu defeated warlord Yuan Shao, the northern part of China was gradually unified. In the 13th year of Jian 'an, he ascended the position of Prime Minister, led his troops south, and was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei in Chibi. Wang Wei was later blocked. His son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and made him Emperor Wu. He reclaimed land and built water conservancy projects in the north, which solved the problem of insufficient rations and played a certain role in the recovery of agricultural production. Employ people on their merits, break the concept of family status, attract the middle and lower classes of the landlord class, restrain the strongmen and strengthen centralization. The social economy of the ruling area has been restored and developed. He is good at the art of war and has written books such as Sun Tzu's Art of War and Sun Tzu's Art of War. Articles such as Good Poetry, Hao and Looking at the Sea express their political ambitions and reflect the tragic life of the people at the end of the Han Dynasty, which are magnificent, generous and sad. Prose is also neat. His works include "Wei Wudi Collection", which has been lost and is based on the Ming Dynasty. There is a typesetting copy of Cao Caoji today.
one's early years
When Cao Cao was young, he was alert, resourceful, chivalrous, bohemian and unruly, and was not valued by the world. Only Qiao Xuan, He Qing, Li Zan and Wang Jun think that Cao Cao is an extraordinary man who will set the world in the future. At that time, Cao Cao was still unknown. In order to improve his reputation, Qiao Xuan suggested that Cao Cao make friends with Xu Shao, a celebrity at that time. So Cao Cao went to visit Xu Shao, who despised Cao Cao's personality and refused to visit his fortune teller. Cao Cao found an opportunity to threaten Xu Shao. In desperation, Xu Shao gave Cao an evaluation of "a talented minister who manages the world and a traitor in troubled times" (another said: "a traitor in troubled times, a hero in troubled times"), and Cao Cao gradually became famous. In the seventh year of Jian 'an (202), Cao Cao marched north, passed Qiao Xuan's tomb, ordered a sacrifice to Qiao Xuan, and wrote a eulogy. New Three Kingdoms Cao Cao stills
Cao Cao showed his love and talent for martial arts in his early years. He once sneaked into Zhang Rang's house. After being discovered by Zhang Rang, he fled over the wall with a halberd in his hand. He also reads widely, especially Sun Tzu's The Art of War. He copied the strategies of the ancient art of war and compiled it into Sun Tzu's Art of War Sacrifice, and Wei Wu's works on Sun Tzu's Art of War were handed down from generation to generation. These activities laid a solid foundation for his later military career.
Xiping three years (174), when Cao Cao was 20 years old, he became a Langguan by inspecting Lian Xiao. Later, Cao Cao was appointed as the northern commander of Luoyang. Within a few months of taking office, the eunuch Jian Shuo's uncle was forbidden to walk at night and was executed by Cao Cao according to law. This made Cao Cao offend the eunuch group, but Cao Cao acted according to law, and his grandfather (Cao Teng) was one of the top ten constant attendants. These people can't slander Cao Cao, so they have to praise him for his good work and let him go outside as a servant. In the second year, in the first year of Guanghe (AD 178), Cao Cao was killed by eunuchs because his cousin Chu Hou Qiang Song Qi was implicated. After having nothing to do in Luoyang, I went back to my hometown Qiao County.
In the third year of Guanghe (180), Cao Cao was recruited by the court and appointed as Yi Lang. Previously, General Dou Wu and Chen Fan, a teacher, plotted to kill eunuchs, only to be harmed by eunuchs. Cao Cao wrote a letter, saying that Dou Wu and others were framed for their official virtue, which led to the situation that treacherous court officials were full, but loyal officials were not reused. His words were sincere, but they were not adopted by Emperor Han Ling. Later, Cao Cao wrote to remonstrate many times, although occasionally effective, but the politics of the Eastern Han Dynasty became increasingly corrupt, and Cao Cao knew that he could not correct it.
Liu Chen formed his army.
In the first year of Zhong Ping (184), the yellow turban insurrectionary revolted, and the court appointed Cao Cao as the riding captain and went to Changshe to suppress it. He was promoted to Jinan for his meritorious service in suppressing the Yellow Scarf Army. As soon as he took office, eight county decrees were removed, and religious superstitions popular at that time were strictly prohibited. It is said that because Cao Cao is famous for his strict power, the insurgents in Jinan County heard that Cao Cao was coming and fled to other counties. Cao Cao was appointed as the prefect of East County, but he didn't take office, saying that he was ill and went back to his hometown. There was chaos in the world. First of all, Wang Fen, the secretariat of Jizhou, combined with Nanyang Xu You, Guo Pei Zhou Jing and other local strongmen to plan the event of abolishing the mausoleum emperor and Lihe Huihou. Wang Fen and others had hoped that Cao Cao would join them, but Cao Cao refused. Later, Wang Fen committed suicide. Then, there was a frontier fortress chapter in Jincheng County (now Lanzhou) in the northwest. Han Sui killed the secretariat and the satrap and led more than 100,000 soldiers to rebel against the court. New Three Kingdoms Cao Cao stills
At this time, Cao Cao was used as a captain of the standard army. It's a pity that in six years (189), Emperor Han Ling died, Bian acceded to the throne, and the Empress Dowager was in Korea. General blades tried to take advantage of the death of the Emperor Ling and the loss of the eunuch campaign to catch all the eunuchs, but he didn't get the support of the Queen Mother. So blades called Dong Zhuo, then the secretariat of Bingzhou, to Beijing to coerce the Queen Mother into agreeing. But this move frightened Dong Zhuo, who had not yet arrived in Beijing. Blade had been murdered by eunuchs. In September of the same year, Dong Zhuo entered Beijing and took charge of the state affairs. He abolished Emperor Shaohan as the King of Hongnong, changed his brother to Emperor Xianhan, and sent people to poison the mother and son of Hongnong. The capital is also in chaos. In order to stabilize the situation, Dong Zhuo wanted to win over Cao Cao, who was called a captain in the above table. However, Cao Cao did not accept the official position given to him by Dong Zhuo, but changed his name and surname and fled Luoyang.
After returning to his hometown of Liu Chen, Cao Cao devoted all his resources to recruiting Xiang Yong, and Wei Zi, who was once in power, also devoted all his resources to help him, taking the lead in exposing justice and punishing Dong Zhuo. The following year, in the first month of the first year of Chuping (190), the succeeding generals Yuan Shu, Changsha satrap Sun Jian, Jizhou Muhanfu, Yuzhou secretariat Kong Zhou, Hanoi satrap Wang Kuang, Yanzhou secretariat Liu Dai, Bohai satrap Yuan Shao, Liu Chen satrap Zhang Miao, Dong Jun satrap Qiao Huan, Yangshan satrap Yuan Yi, and Hebei northern phase Baoxin and other local forces. The heroes elected Yuan Shao as their leader. Cao Cao exercised the post of General Fenwu. But Dong is so powerful that Yuan Shao and others dare not send troops first. Cao Cao thought that Dong Zhuo's burning of the palace hijacked the emperor's move to Chang 'an, which was a great loss for the people. It's "when you die this day" So he led the troops westward alone, and as a result, Xu Rong was defeated by Dong Zhuo at Bianshui. Cao Cao was shot by an arrow and his mount was seriously injured. After that, Cao Hong had to give away his mount, so he survived. At this time, there were only 5,000 soldiers led by Cao Cao himself, while the soldiers of other armies were over 100,000, but they only knew how to drink and have fun every day and made no progress. Cao Cao's advice to the allied forces was not adopted. Cao Cao had to go to Yangzhou with Xia Houdun to recruit soldiers and got 4,000 soldiers. But in Longkang, the foot soldiers mutinied. Cao Cao killed dozens of people with his sword, but the rebels fled, and more than 500 people did not rebel. New Three Kingdoms Cao Cao stills
When the situation reached a deadlock, changes took place within the Coalition forces. First, Liu Dai killed Qiao Huan, and Wang Arm became the prefect of East County. Then Yuan Shao and Han Fu considered establishing Liu Yu as emperor, but Cao Cao said that he still supported Xian Di in Chang 'an. "You are North and I am West." . From then on, Cao Cao became more convinced that Yuan Shao had acted improperly, which laid the groundwork for the subsequent battle of Guandu. Liu Yujian refused, saying that he would rather go to Xianbei than accept trespassing, and the matter went away. After failing to establish a new emperor, Yuan Shao took the opportunity to intimidate Han Fu and seized Jizhou. In the second year of Chuping (19 1), Cao Cao crusaded against the Black Mountain army that invaded the eastern county, and Yuan Shao elected Cao Cao as the eastern county satrap in the court. In April of the third year of Chuping (192), Dong Zhuo was killed by Stuart Wang Yun and Lu Bu.
Fight for control of the country
In the third year of Chuping (192), Qingzhou million yellow scarf troops invaded Yanzhou. Liu Dai, the secretariat of Yanzhou, did not listen to Bao Xin's dissuasion. He fought with the Yellow Scarf Army and was killed. Bao Xin and others secretly sent people to the East County to meet Cao Cao and chose him as Yanzhou Pastoral. Later, he fought with the Yellow Scarf Army to the east of Shouzhang. After a bitter battle, Bao Xin died and finally defeated the enemy. Cao Cao pursued all the way to northern Hebei, and finally forced the Yellow Scarf Army to surrender. He recruited more than 300,000 soldiers, more than one million men and women, and selected elite soldiers from them, known as "Qingzhou soldiers" in history. By this time, Cao Cao, as a force, gradually became a climate.
Later, Yuan Shao joined forces with Liu Biao of Jingzhou, and Yuan Shu fought against Gongsun Zan of Youzhou and Tao Qian of Xuzhou. At this time, Cao Cao was an ally of Yuan Shao's faction, and Liu Bei and Sun Ce also surrendered to Gongsun Zan and Yuan Shu respectively, which were the guests they sent. Just as Cao Cao assisted Yuan Shao in destroying Yuan Shu in various places, Tao Qian took the opportunity to attack Taishan County east of Yanzhou, which led to the killing of Cao Cao's father Cao Song. (Legend has it that Tao Qian, who was in charge of escort, killed Cao Song and fled with his goods.) In response to this matter, Cao Cao made a second crusade against Tao Qian from 193 to 194, and launched a massacre in Xuzhou. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty recorded that "hundreds of thousands of men and women were killed, even chickens and dogs were spared, and Surabaya was blocked." In this incident, Cao Cao showed his cruel and ferocious nature caused by his violent character, which broke out his cruel nature.
From the first year of Xingping (194) to the second year of Xingping (195), Cao Cao fought with Lu Bu and Zhang Miao in Yanzhou, and the two sides won and lost, and the land of Yanzhou changed hands repeatedly. Cao Cao ordered Yu Xun and Cheng Yu to defend Juancheng firmly, and took this as a base area, finally defeating Lu Bu and pacifying Yanzhou. At this time, the court officially recognized Cao Cao's pastoral duties in Yanzhou.
Dai Feng Tian Zi
In the second year of Xingping (195) of Cao Cao's stills in The New Three Kingdoms, Emperor Xian of Han moved out of Chang 'an and settled in Anyi. The following year, Cao Cao followed the advice of Yu Xun, a counselor, and planned to visit the emperor and send Cao Hong to the Western Regions. But at this time, the emperor (or the ruler) still had doubts about Cao Cao. However, Cao Cao was powerful. Within a few months, he defeated the Yellow Scarf Army in Runan and Yingchuan, and the court named Cao Cao General Jiande. Soon, he was promoted to General Town East and was appointed as Fei. Fei Houting was once the knighthood of Cao Cao's grandfather Cao Teng, which shows that the court had high hopes for Cao Cao, but Cao Cao politely refused. In the autumn of the same year, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty settled in Luoyang. Later, Cao Cao also marched into Luoyang to defend the capital, and the emperor gave Cao Cao a holiday lottery, which marked Cao Cao's actual control over the affairs of the central government, and the situation of "Feng Tianzi ordered him not to be a minister" was formed. Luoyang was destroyed by Dong Zhuo, and Dong Zhao and others advised Cao Cao to make its capital.
Two months later, the Eastern Han Dynasty established its capital. The emperor appointed Cao Cao as general and Wu Pinghou. Also named Yuan Shao Qiu, Yuan Shao was ashamed to live under Cao Cao and refused to accept it. At this time, Yuan Shao's power was stronger than that of Cao Cao, who insisted on giving Yuan Shao the position of general, and he only served as general.
Years of war have depressed people's lives. Cao Cao described in Hao Li Xing: "Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles." There have also been cases of eating people because of the extreme lack of food. In order to develop the economy and restore people's livelihood, Cao Cao adopted the suggestions of Zhao Zuo and Han Hao, and implemented the system of reclaiming farmland. To some extent, Cao Cao was honored as the emperor, which promoted the reconstruction of the "ancestral temple state system" in the Han Dynasty and attracted many talents who supported the Eastern Han Dynasty. In addition, Cao Cao is good at employing people, constantly holding the emperor's banner to explore the east and the west, and his strength is getting stronger and stronger.
In the second year of Jian 'an (197), Zhang Xiu was conquered and Zhang Xiu rallied to surrender. Later, because Cao was his wife, he hated him very much, so he attacked Cao Cao. Cao Cao left his eldest son Cao Ang, his nephew Cao and a captain Dian Wei to escape, but Cao Ang, Cao and Dian Wei were also killed. After that, Cao Cao attacked Zhang Xiu twice, but neither was completely defeated. Later, Zhang Xiu accepted Jia Xu's suggestion and surrendered to Cao Cao. Cao Caocai gained control of the northern part of Jingzhou and eliminated the threat to the south of Xudu. In the third year of Jian 'an (198), Cao Cao used the strategies of Xun You and Guo Jia to break Surabaya and Yishui into Xiapi, and finally captured Lu Bu and Chen Gong alive and brought Xuzhou into the sphere of influence. In the fourth year of Jian 'an (199), Cao Cao sent Shi Huan, Coss, Yu Jin and Huang Xu to break JASON ZHANG's own headquarters, gain Hanoi County, and expand their sphere of influence to the north of the Yellow River.
At this time, Cao Cao had actually controlled Yanzhou, Yuzhou and Xuzhou south of the Yellow River, and extended south to the north of Jingzhou and north to Hanoi. At this time, Yuan Shao has also annexed Gongsun Zan's forces and occupied Qingzhou, Jizhou, Youzhou and Bing, north of the Yellow River. "Jian Jing has 100,000 soldiers, riding 10,000 horses, and will attack Xu." I plan to send troops to attack Xudu. At that time, many generals in Cao Jun thought that they could not resist Yuan Shao's attack, but Cao Cao confidently said, "I know Yuan Shao's character, which is ambitious, short-minded, harsh on the surface, timid, afraid of war and victory, lacking prestige, arrogant generals, different decrees, vast territory and abundant food and grass, just as a gift for me."
Capture Hebei
In the first month of the fifth year of Jian 'an (200), Cao Cao, after destroying Dong Cheng and others, pounced on Xuzhou in lightning speed, defeated Liu Bei and recovered Xuzhou in order to relieve Tengku's worries and avoid fighting with Yuan Shao and Liu Bei. In February, Yuan Shao led 1 10000 troops south, and Cao Cao and Yuan Shao fought a decisive battle in Guandu. In April, Cao Cao killed Yuan Shao's two generals, Yan Liang and Wen Chou, in the Battle of White Horse and the Battle of Yanjin, and resisted Yuan Shao's fierce offensive with the battles of Coss, Yu Ban and Le Jin. In August, Yuan Shao approached Guandu, using sand as a chariot, camped for dozens of miles from east to west, and confronted Cao Jun. In October, the war reached a deadlock, and Yuan Shao's counselor Xu You went to Cao Cao's place to offer advice and sneak attack on Yuan Shao's grain and grass storage area. Cao Cao followed Xu You's advice, raided the garrisoned lair of Chunyu Qiong and others, burned Yuan Jun's grain and grass, and saved the day. Subsequently, Yuan Shao was defeated, and only 800 rode back to the north. Cao Cao killed more than 70,000 Yuan Jun soldiers, including Chunyu Qiong.
In May of the seventh year of Jian 'an (202), Yuan Shao died of illness, and his sons, Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang, fought for a position. Hebei was split in two, and Cao Cao took the opportunity to attack. In July 2004, Cao Cao captured Yecheng, the Yuanjia base in Hebei Province. Since this year, Cao Cao has moved his stronghold to Yecheng, Jizhou, and the imperial seal army has since left, while Xu County, the capital of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, has only retained a few officials, but Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, who was in his prime, dared not go against his will for more than ten years. Finally, in the 12th year of Jian 'an (2007), Cao Cao completely defeated the Yuan-Shang and Wu-Huan allied forces, wiped out the Yuan Group and unified northern China.
Recruit troops to the south
In June of the 13th year of Jian 'an (2008), he served as Prime Minister. In July, Cao Cao's pro-unification army 100000 yuan invaded Jingzhou in the south, in an attempt to destroy Liu Biao first, and then advance eastward along the river to defeat Sun Quan in order to unify the world. In August, Liu Biao died in Jingzhou, and his second son, Liu Cong, was asked to surrender. In September, Liu Bei was hit hard by Cao Jun in Changbanpo and had to unite with Sun Quan. /kloc-in October/February, Cao Cao was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei in the Battle of Red Cliffs, which caused heavy losses and lost the opportunity to unify the world in one fell swoop. In the history of China, the tripartite confrontation between Wei Shuwu and China began to take shape.
Pingding Guanlong
In March of the 16th year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), Cao Cao used Guanzhong as an excuse to crusade against Zhang Lu in Hanzhong, and sent Coss, Xia and other commanders to join forces with Zhong You in Guanzhong, which aroused the indecision of Guanzhong governors. Ma Chao and other ten armies jointly fought against Cao Cao, who alienated Jia Xu, causing mutual suspicion between Ma Chao and Han Sui, and defeated the Guanzhong Coalition forces in one fell swoop. Later, Ma Chao made a comeback in Longxi and successively captured all parts of Longxi, but in the end he failed to recapture Liangzhou and fled to Hanzhong. In the 20th year of Jian 'an (2 15), Cao Cao attacked Hanzhong and Zhang Lu surrendered. After Cao Cao surrendered to Zhang Lu, he gained the territory of Hanzhong, but Liu Bei learned that Cao Cao had conquered Hanzhong and would attack Shu sooner or later, so he shared Jingzhou with Sun Quan and Hunan and returned to Yizhou. At this point, Cao Cao did not accept Ye Liu's advice, failed to capture Shu before Liu Bei gained a firm foothold, sent troops back to Korea, and once again missed the opportunity to unify the world.
Promote sb. to a higher position and rank
In the seventeenth year of Jian 'an (265,438+02), Dong Zhao and others elected Cao Cao as the "Duke of Wei", while Yu Xun objected from the standpoint of loyalty to the Han Dynasty. Cao Cao promised that Yu Xun would never be Wang Wei, but he was very dissatisfied with Xun. In the 18th year of Jian 'an (2 13), Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty conferred Cao Cao as Duke Wei, covering ten counties and ten countries such as Wei County, Hedong County and Hanoi County, even surpassing the Liu's imperial clan in the early Western Han Dynasty, and even violating the "Seven Kingdoms Rebellion" and the Han system that vassal fiefs could not exceed one county after Yan En. In the 21st year of Jian 'an (2 16), Cao Cao called himself "Wang Wei" and added nine tin. In the twenty-second year of Jian 'an (2 17), the emperor's banner was set up and the emperor's crown was worn. The entrance and exit was called warning signs and Pan Palace was set up. In October, I will give you ten crowns and two ribbons, ride a golden root car, drive six horses, and set up a five-hour auxiliary car. Although he was nominally a minister of the Han Dynasty, he actually had the same power as the emperor. The power was in the ruling and opposition, and Emperor Xian of Han was his puppet at his mercy. He appointed Xia as the general of the western expedition and Cao Ren as the general of the southern expedition, hoping to take Jing and Shu.
Battle of Hanzhong
In the 22nd year of Jian 'an (2 17), Liu Bei led an army to attack Hanzhong on a large scale, and the battle of Hanzhong broke out. Sun Quan also led a hundred thousand troops to attack Hefei. Due to the tense situation, Cao Cao personally went to Chang 'an in September, and at the same time ordered Zhang Liao, Lejin and Li Dian, defenders of Hefei, to stop Wu Dong's attack. During Xia and Liu Bei's one-year stay in Hanzhong, Cao Jun's commanders Xia and Zhang Hehe repelled Liu Beijun's fierce attack many times. In the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), in the first month, Liu Bei personally led an army to join forces with Huang Zhong and killed Xia, a general of the Western Expedition, in Dingjun Mountain. At this point, Hanzhong was captured by Liu Bei. In March of the same year, Cao Cao invaded and wanted to take it back. On one occasion, he called 200,000 troops from Cao Zhang, who was guarding the north, but they were all defeated by Liu Bei. Jun failed, and Liu Bei sent Liu Feng, Huang Zhong and Zhao Yun to attack Jun day and night. In May, Cao Cao retreated to Chang 'an, Liu Bei captured Fangling and sent Liu Feng to take Shang Yong along the river. According to legend, Cao Cao was defeated by Liu Bei again, which is an allusion to "chicken ribs".
Xiangfan campaign
In July of the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), Liu Bei was promoted to the king of Hanzhong and named Guan Yu as a former general. Guan Yu's soldiers of Jingxiang made a massive northern expedition to Xiangfan, and further besieged the remnants of Cao Jun generals Coss and Man Chong in Fancheng, which is known as the Battle of Fancheng in history. Cao Cao sent General Zuo to the Forbidden City, and Pound came to rescue him, which coincided with the surging Han River and drowned in the Forbidden Seven Army. The Han army seized the opportunity to attack the water army and surrendered to Guan Yu in the Forbidden City. Pound was captured and killed by Guan Yu, and Guan Yu sent an army to surround Xiangyang, which shook China for a while. At that time, the rebels in many counties under Cao Cao had been controlled by Guan Yu.
In October of the same year, Cao Cao wanted to move the capital to avoid its sharp edge, but was dissuaded by Sima Yi and Jiang Ji, thinking that Sun Quan would not want to see Guan Yu sit on the throne. Sun Quan really asked for it and attacked Guan Yu's rear. Cao Cao also summoned Zhang Liao troops stationed in Hefei to confront Sun Quan. Huang Xu troops monitored Bashu in Hanzhong and personally led Luoyang to Fancheng for rescue.
Cao Cao also ordered people to shoot the news that Sun Quan attacked Jingzhou with arrows at Guan Yu and Cao Ren, the commander of Fancheng. Cao Jun morale, guan yu in a dilemma. Huang Xu's army, which first arrived in Fancheng, retreated in the flood and attacked the besieged Guan Yu army. Coss finally broke through and repelled Guan Yu with Huang Xu's army. Soon after, Guan Yu, who retreated to the south, was captured and killed by Sun Quan, who occupied Jiangling. Sun Quan sent Guan Yu's head to Xuchang, and Cao Cao was buried as a vassal.
The literary achievements of folding and editing this paragraph
Cao Cao's poems are often innovative in forms of expression, such as Walking in Dew and Walking in Vast Miles. Ancient poems are all miscellaneous words, each with only four sentences. Cao Cao wrote in five words, each word 16 sentences. Except for five-character poems, they are all longer than four-character poems.
Hao was originally a miscellaneous word, but Cao Cao rewritten it into five words, which was very successful. Four-character poems have declined since The Book of Songs, and there are not many excellent works, but Cao Cao inherited the national style and the tradition of Xiaoya, reflecting reality and expressing emotions. For example, "Short Song" and "Out of the Summer Gate" are masterpieces of four-character poems, which make them reborn and glow again.
In addition, Cao Cao has many other articles handed down from generation to generation, such as Please Increase Guo Jia's knighthood list, Let the county magistrate know his own story, Repair the Book and the King, Wenxuan Commemorating Qiu's Old Bridge, etc. Simple words, vivid feelings, fluency and frankness.
Folded content concept
Cao Cao is good at describing new content with old topics. Most of the Yuefu poems in Han Dynasty are mainly about shaping objective characters, but Cao Cao's Yuefu poems have broken through the poet's self-image. The Yuefu poems in Han Dynasty are mainly narrative, while Cao Cao's Yuefu poems are mainly lyrical. He did not imitate Yuefu in form, but studied the creative spirit of folk songs reflecting reality, and used old songs as lyrics, which not only had the characteristics of folk songs, but also had his own creativity.
Cao Cao is good at expressing political ideals and ambitions in his poems, and his poems are full of enterprising spirit. Some poems are mixed with unforgettable thoughts, negative emotions of life, fatalism and some poems about immortals.
There are three contents in Cao Cao's poems: reflecting the reality of unrest in the late Han Dynasty, unifying the ideal of the world and the indomitable spirit, and expressing unforgettable negative emotions.
In the chaos at the end of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao had a wide range of social contacts. Therefore, he has many personal experiences and understandings. For example, Hao describes the tragic scene of the war at the end of the Han Dynasty. When he saw the sufferings of the people, he also saw the sympathy of the poet when he was hurt. Therefore, later generations called Cao Cao Yuefu "a record of the late Han Dynasty, a real history of poetry."
Cao Cao was born in an official family and had ambitions for the world, so he had a grand plan of unification. "Short Songs" said that "the Duke of Zhou vomited food, and the world belongs to his heart." Can prove it. Its enterprising spirit can also be seen. For example, in "Although the tortoise is long", it is said that "an old horse crouches in the tiger, and its ambition is thousands of miles." Although I have said, I will not give up my ambition in my later years.
A generation of fierce, even with scenery, died when the stars fell. Cao Cao also felt helpless about this, and he could only make a poem and sigh. For example, the sentimental feeling of "it is more difficult to go to Japan in the morning dew" in short songs, the low mood of Hu Xing in autumn, and the works of wandering immortals such as Shang Mosang all bear the negative emotions of the emperor to express the princes.
Cao Cao's poems are greatly influenced by Yuefu, and all the existing poems are Yuefu songs. Although these poems used the old themes of Yuefu, they did not follow the ancient poems, and found another way and were not bound. But inherited the spirit of "feeling sad and changing, starting from things". For example, Lu Luxing and Good Li Xing were originally elegies, but Cao Cao used them to mourn the troubled times. "Out of Xiamen" was originally a song lamenting the impermanence of life and the need to eat, drink and be merry in time, but Cao Cao used it to express his ambition to unify the whole country and the magnificent scenery he saw when he returned from the Northern Expedition. It can be seen that Cao Cao's innovative folk songs opened up a new style of Jian 'an literature and influenced Du Fu, Bai Juyi and others later.
Folding language style
Cao Cao's poems are tragic and generous, gloomy and vigorous, with lofty spirit, high tone, good use, straightforward language and vivid images.
Cao Cao's poems are simple, straightforward, bold, sad, gloomy and vigorous. The colorful words are rare, but vivid as the poem "Watching the Sea": "The autumn wind is bleak, the waves are rough, and the trip to the sun and the moon, if it is outside, the stars are brilliant, if it is outside." A few strokes can show the poet's mind with a vast seascape without retouching.
Fold and edit this paragraph, the character is dead.
In the winter of the twenty-fourth year of Jian 'an (2 19), Sun Quan wrote "Chen Shuo Tian Ming", urging Cao Cao to proclaim himself emperor. Cao Cao showed Sun Quan's book to his ministers, and Chen Qun, Xia Houdun, Sima Yi and others advised Cao Cao to reign. Cao Cao did not want to abolish Han independence. He said, "If fate belongs to me, I will be Zhou Wenwang." Zhou Wenwang himself did not destroy the Shang Dynasty, and it was not until his son Zhou Wuwang that he began to speak. It implies that he wants his son Cao Pi to establish a new regime instead of the Han Dynasty.
Cao Cao died of a stroke in Luoyang on 23rd (15 March) in the 25th year of Jian 'an (220) at the age of 66. Shu Yue Wu Wang. He left a legacy before he died. According to Cao Cao's will, he was buried in Gaoling in the western suburb of Yecheng on February 21st (1 1).
After the death of Cao Cao, Wang Wei, the eldest son of Cao Cao, forced Emperor Han Xian to abdicate in the same year, established Cao Wei, and respected Cao Cao as Emperor Mao Wu.
Fold and edit this tomb of Cao Cao
Gaoling, also known as Wei Gaoling, is the tomb of Cao Cao in the late Eastern Han Dynasty (his son Cao Pi claimed to be emperor, and later called "Emperor Wu"). The original site of the mausoleum was a mystery until it was announced by the Henan Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau in 65438 on February 27th, 2009 that Cao Cao Gaoling had been confirmed by archaeology, and its address was located in Xue Cun, Xigao, Anfeng Township, Anyang County, Henan Province, China. Taihang Mountain in the west, Zhanghe River in the north and Nanling Mountain in the south, with high terrain. Seven kilometers east of Xigaoxue Village is the site of Ximen Bao Temple, and more than 14 kilometers is the site of Yecheng. East of Anyang Gu 'an Northern Dynasties Cemetery, north of Zhanghe River is Wujiang Town Site and Cixian Northern Dynasties Tombs. It is composed of tomb door, tomb door, door sealing wall, main entrance, front and rear main rooms and four side rooms, with complex structure and grand scale. On February 4, 20 10, Gaoling was added as the fifth batch of cultural relics protection units in Henan Province.
The controversy of folding and editing this life story
Cao Song, Cao Cao's father, was adopted by eunuch Cao Teng, and his original identity has always been controversial. Chen Shou, the author of the History of the Three Kingdoms, recorded that "his life and death cannot be judged." Pei Songzhi's Notes on the Three Kingdoms of Liu and Song Dynasties quoted Guo's Biography of Cao Zang, and it was recorded that Cao Song's real name was Xiahou, and he was his uncle.
At the end of 20 1 1 in Xuancheng, Fudan University, the DNA of the modern Cao surname population was analyzed and verified with historical records, local chronicles, genealogy and other historical materials, so as to find out that six Cao surname clans are most likely descendants of Cao Cao. Cao Cao's Y chromosome type is O2-m268, and Cao Can's family gene O3-0026 1 1+ has nothing to do with Cao Cao's family gene, which proves that the statement that Cao Cao is a descendant of Cao Can may be forged. Cao Shi changed his surname from Cao Cao's descendants to avoid disaster, and Cao Cao took it from Xiahou's family, which was not credible after genetic verification. Fudan University speculated that two Cao surnames, Dagushan in Donggang, Liaoning and Yaobao in Tieling, belonged to Cao Cao's descendants according to the results of Y chromosome DNA detection.
20 1 1 65438+1October1kloc-0/The joint research group of history and anthropology of Fudan University released the latest research results of Cao Cao's family DNA, which confirmed for the first time that Cao Cao was not a descendant of Cao Can in Han Dynasty, and refuted the statement that Cao Cao was adopted by Xiahou's family.
Han Sheng, a member of the research group, said that they hope to use this combination of genetic biology and historical research to solve the historical mystery that traditional research can't solve by analyzing the genes of important historical figures and important family genes, and gradually present the evolution and integration history of the whole Chinese nation.
Folding and editing this military talent
Cao Cao is brilliant, and his military tactics are flexible and changeable (as the saying goes, "Speak of the devil, and he will arrive", describing Cao Cao's use of troops as a god, and his troops are expensive and swift). He made great contributions to the unification of northern China, the recovery of economic production and the maintenance of social order in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In terms of internal affairs, Cao Cao established a system of reclaiming farmland and ordered soldiers who didn't need to fight to go to the fields to farm, thus alleviating the food problem during the war in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
Cao Cao is a first-rate strategist in China's military history. Cao Cao often lost battles. At first, he was a reckless man who stumbled militarily. He is by no means a natural military talent as the official said. But later, Cao Cao was able to sum up the lessons of the failure of the war and listen to and adopt the correct judgments of his lieutenants with an open mind, so he won the battles of Guandu, Liucheng and Weinan, which played a decisive role in the overall situation. Cao Cao, as the commander of the army, also exercised his command ability in all previous battles, from commanding 3,000 to 5,000 people at the beginning to commanding 4,500,000 troops later.