Gu's historical materials are more detailed and comprehensive.
First, the origin of surnames
Gu gu surname comes from three aspects:
1, give yourself a surname. After Kunwu's surname in Xia Dynasty, take the country name as the surname. According to Yuan He Shi Bian and Tang Shu Prime Minister's Lineage Table, Emperor Zhuan Xu had a grandson named Zhu's younger brother and Zhu Rong. Lu Zhong, the son of Ng Wui, married the daughter of Ghost Fang and gave birth to six sons. The eldest son, surnamed Fan, was sealed in Kunwu County (present-day). Later generations are Kunwu. In Xia Dynasty, the descendants of Kunwu were sealed in an ancient country (now southeast of Fan County, Henan Province), which was known as one of the important allies of Xia Dynasty. At the end of the summer, Gu was destroyed by Shang Tang, and the grandson of Gu Bozi, who was scattered all over the country, took the country name as his surname, which was called Gu.
2, from the surname, the descendants of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and the descendants of Gu, taking the title of the ancestor as the surname. According to legend, Dayu was buried in Huiji after his death, and his son Qi built a ancestral temple on the mountain to worship. Shao Kang, the Xia emperor, later sealed Yu Yu's sacrifice in Huiji, and named Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) as the capital of Yue. Later generations took the country as their surname and called it Yue. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Yue was often at war with the State of Wu, and was defeated by the State of Wu in 494 BC. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, became strong and finally conquered the State of Wu in 473 BC, expanding northward and becoming the overlord. During the Warring States Period, it was destroyed by the State of Chu in 306 BC. Sun Yao, who was transferred from Qin to Han and passed on to the seventh generation of Gou Jian, once served as the leader of the Min-Yue ethnic group in northern Fujian and southern Zhejiang. Because he helped Liu Bang destroy Xiang Yu, he was named the king of the East China Sea. Because his capital is in Dongou, he is nicknamed Dongou King. Later, his son was named Gu, and his descendants stayed in Huiji. His son and grandson take the first word of his title as their surname and are called Gu. Historically, Gu's surname is authentic.
3. Those from ethnic minorities who have Gu surname or whose family changed their surname to Gu:
(1) The Manchu surname Ilgenjue Roche began in the Eight Dynasties of Gu, the minister of rites, and later generations took Gu as their surname.
(2) Yugur ancient lingshi, Han surname is ancient.
(3) Xibe Guo erjia (also known as Gu erjia), Han nationality surnamed Gu.
(4) Today, Mongolian, Zhuang, Hui and other ethnic groups all have Gu surname.
Ancestor: Gu Yao. Gou Jian's seven generations of grandchildren were the King of Yue. Ancient Dayu was buried in Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) after his death. Shao Kang, the Xia emperor, later sealed an illegitimate child in Huiji, presided over Yu's sacrifice, and established Yue State in Huiji. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, there were frequent wars between the State of Yue and the State of Wu. In 494 BC, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, destroyed the state of Yue, and Gou Jian, the king of Yue, made great efforts and finally defeated the State of Wu and became the overlord. From the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, Sun Yao, the seventh son of Gou Jian, served as the leader of Fujian and Vietnam in northern Fujian and southern Zhejiang. In the third year of Emperor Han, he was named King of the East China Sea for his meritorious service in helping Han destroy Xiang Yu. Later, his son was named Gu, and his descendants stayed in Huiji. His grandson takes Jue as his surname and Gu as his surname. They revered Yao as the ancestor of Gu family.
Second, migration distribution.
To sum up, Gu's family is divided into two branches, one is North Gu (referring to the descendants of Fan County in Henan Province) and the other is South Gu (referring to the descendants of Gu Yao who originated in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province). After obtaining Gu's family, the development of North Gu is not as good as that of South Gu. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the two Gu surnames developed slowly. According to some data, Nan Gude's family name soon became the most popular surname in Huiji area, and it was called Huiji four surnames with Lu, Zhu and Zhang He in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. During the Han Dynasty, Huiji's eldest son, Gu Ao, moved to Taihu Lake because his mother liked to eat spirits. During the Southern Dynasties, Gu Huan, a native of Huiji, was a famous scholar. His descendants later moved to Jinhua, and then moved from Jinhua to Tiantai, becoming a powerful clan. Some local landscape names, such as Gu Runing and Huanxi, all come from him. As the Gu family mainly originated from Huiji, Huiji was also regarded as one of the famous counties of Gu family in history. In addition, this family was later moved to Wuling (now Changde, Hunan), which developed rapidly in the local area, so Wuling was honored as another county of the family. From the Three Kingdoms to the Tang Dynasty, Gu has always been one of the four surnames in Jiangdong. After the Tang Dynasty, due to the migration of official positions and avoiding the chaos of war and fire, Gu continued to spread to the north and south. During the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty, Gu traveled to Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places. According to some data, in the middle of Ming Dynasty, Gu not only lived in Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Guangdong and Sichuan, but also lived in Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei and Inner Mongolia in the north. From the end of Ming Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty, Gu family of Fujian and Guangdong crossed the sea to Taiwan Province, and then moved overseas. 1949, Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan Province province, and many people followed him in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. However, throughout the family history of Gu surname, the development and reproduction center of Gu surname has been in today's Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Today, the Gu family is widely distributed in China, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, accounting for about 60% of the Han population in China. At present, Gu is the 81st surname in China, but Taiwan Province Province is not among the top 100, with a large population, accounting for about 0.25% of the Han population in China.
Third, historical celebrities.
Gu Yong: During the Three Kingdoms period, Wuxian was born in Wuxian (now Jiangsu). He was born in Jiangnan and served as prime minister. He was in power in Wu for 19 years, and he knew people well and did his duty well.
Gu Kuang: Ji Ziweng, a native of Suzhou, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Two years of Jinshi in Zhide. He is the eunuch secretary of Dezong, and he is good at painting landscapes. His poems sympathize with the people and criticize the shortcomings of the times. When Li Bi became prime minister, he moved and died. He wrote a poem "Ode to the Seagull" to ridicule the dignitaries and was demoted to Raozhou secretariat to join the army. After living in seclusion in Maoshan, it was named "Huayang Yizhen". Gu Kuang and Yuan Jie were at the same time, but later. He is also a new Yuefu writer who cares about people's sufferings. Poetry can pay attention to "teaching by sound" instead of just pursuing "the beauty of literary talent" (Preface to Elegy). According to the ironic spirit of the Book of Songs, he wrote thirteen admonitions on how to make up for death by ancient times, all of which are ironic admonitions, and some of them directly reflect reality, such as Yao.
Gu An: Yuan Dynasty painter in Kunshan (present-day Jiangsu Province). He was a judge of Privy Council in Quanzhou Road. Good at ink bamboo, vigorous brushwork, moist ink, a family of its own.
Gu Lin: eunuch, writer and minister of punishments in Ming Dynasty. Young talents became famous, winning with poetic style, and they were also called "Jinling Three Armies" with Yi and Wang Wei. Baoying and Zhu Ying were called "Four Wonders" after reaching the summit. He is the author of Fu, Zhong Shan Ji and Xi Yuan Shi Manuscript.
Gu Cheng: Beijinger, a representative poet of contemporary obscure poetry. /kloc-dropping out of school at the age of 0/2 to release pigs. I started writing during the Cultural Revolution. 1973 began to learn painting, and returned to Beijing to work in Changqiao Street the following year. 1977 started writing again. And became the main representative of the misty poetry school. At the beginning of 1980, my unit disintegrated and became unemployed, and since then I have lived a wandering life. 65438-0985 Join the Chinese Writers Association. 1987 was invited to visit Europe and America for cultural exchanges and lectures. 1988 went to New Zealand to teach China classical literature, and was employed as a researcher in the Department of Asian Languages, University of Auckland. After his resignation, he lived in seclusion on Rapids Island. 1992 won the German DAAD Creative Annuity, written in Germany. 1993 10 died in an apartment in new Zealand on 10. Leave a lot of poems, essays, calligraphy, paintings and other works.
Wen Gu: Born in 1952, majoring in Chinese in Guangxi University for Nationalities. He has been engaged in teaching and editing. He was the deputy editor-in-chief and editor-in-chief of Mermaid and Coral magazine, and founded Beihai Political Consultation Monthly. From 65438 to 0998, he served as chairman of Beihai Revolutionary Committee. Member of Chinese Writers Association, director of Guangxi Branch of China Fable Society, vice chairman of Guangxi Branch of China Prose Poetry Society, visiting researcher of Beihai Municipal People's Government Economic Research Center, member of Standing Committee of CPC Beihai Municipal Committee, member of CPC Guangxi, and chairman of Beihai City. He has published 8 personal works, including collections of prose poems, fables, children's literature and interviews with people, and won many national, provincial and municipal awards.
Gu: Zi Xifeng, a native of Chen Wu County, Liang Dynasty, was an exegetist and historian. Born in a noble family, I am young and eager to learn, smart and knowledgeable, and have a thorough understanding of classics and history, as well as a profound understanding of astronomy, geography, turtles, insects and strange characters. At that time, Dr. imperial academy joined Chen as a doctor of national history, in charge of national history, specializing in Liang history, and later moved to Huangmen as assistant minister. He is engaged in poetry creation and is good at characters, especially grass worms. Pian Yu is an important work of China's exegetics, with 6,000 words more than Shuowen Jiezi, and it is also the earliest existing regular script dictionary in China, which laid the foundation for the compilation of regular script dictionaries in later generations. He is the author of 30 volumes of jade articles. There are also "Geography" and "Outline of General History", all of which have been lost.
Gu Kaizhi: A native of Wuxi, Jinling (now Jiangsu), was a painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Versatile, he has works in poetry and calligraphy, especially in painting. Portraits of figures, immortals, Buddha statues, animals, landscapes, etc. Painters pay attention to finishing touches. The handwriting is meticulous and firm, like a silkworm spinning silk. He and Lu Tanwei, who studied under him, were also called Lu Gu, and took the topic of "dense body" to distinguish the "sparse body" of Zhang Liang's monk You and Tang Wu's Taoist in the Southern Dynasties. He has a great influence on the development of Chinese painting.
Gu: A native of Songjiang in Ming Dynasty, he was a scholar in the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing. He worshipped Shang Baocheng, spent his old age safely and returned to his hometown. His briefcase is very rich. There was still a lot of open space to the east of Zhushan in Dunwan, so he widened it and opened up a pond. I didn't know that this place turned out to be a pond, as evidenced by an excavated stone tablet.
The inscription is "Louxiangchi", written by Zhao Ziang. Therefore, Gu renamed Wanzhu Mountain House "Luxiang Garden"; Of course, that pond is an old pond, and it is still called "Louxiang Pool". Gu has many concubines, one of whom is called Miao. When she was in Beijing, she learned embroidery, which was a secret in the palace. Aunt Miao is a genius in this field. She is more progressive and subtle. The five-color silk thread is broken, the fine needles are dense, and the colors are from shallow to deep, which is seamless, not to mention the beauty of color matching. The most distinctive thing is that Gu Embroidery takes the needle as a ghostwriter, the silk thread as a painter and the famous traces as the blueprint. The landscapes, figures and flowers and birds are vivid and exquisite, which was called "painting embroidery" at that time. Aunt Miao used to embroider Zhao Ziang's "Eight Horses". Dong Qichang thought that even Zhao Ziang couldn't beat her with a pen, so she embroidered a "stop needle". It was really pitiful that she couldn't tell whether it was painting or embroidery. Later, a salt merchant in Yangzhou exchanged a beautiful picture painted by Zhou Wei, a famous figure in the Southern Tang Dynasty, for a Chinese jade chain.
Gu Xiancheng: A native of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province in the Ming Dynasty, known as Mr. Lin Dong. He once gave lectures at Lindong University with his younger brothers Yuncheng and Gao Panlong. Zhao Nanxing and Zou Yuanbiao are three kings. They talked about political figures and got the support of some literati, forming a group, which can be described as "the sound of wind and rain, the sound of reading, and the sound of voices is heard; Family affairs, state affairs and what's going on in the world are all concerned. "It is the Lindong Party in history.
Gu Zhenguan: Hua Feng (1637- 17 14) was born in Fen Liang and Wuxi, Jiangsu Province in the Qing Dynasty. In the 11th year of Kangxi (1672), he served as a cabinet official. He likes to write lyrics and has a close friendship with Nalan Xingde. Ci is lyrical, sincere and euphemistic, and has the reputation of "master in Ci" with Chen Weisong and Zhu Yizun. The author of "Finger-flick Writing".
Gu: A great thinker and scholar in Qing Dynasty. He is knowledgeable, and has studied the national canon system, anecdotes of counties and cities, astronomical phenomena, canals, soldiers and peasants, as well as centuries-old history, phonological exegesis and so on. In his later years, he paid attention to textual research, which created the atmosphere of Pu Xue in the Qing Dynasty and had an impact on Wu Pai and Huizhou schools of textual research in later generations. As one of the most respected scholars in the history of our country. He is the author of Records of the Days, Diseases of Counties in the World, Zhao Yuzhi, and Five Books on Phonology and Rhyme.
Gu Zuyu: a native of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, was a historical geographer in the Qing Dynasty. His book "A Summary of Reading History and Geography" records the evolution of territories and administrative regions in past dynasties and is an important masterpiece in the study of historical geography.
Gu Guangxu: Huayang (1731-kloc-0/797), also known as Qingsha and Xiangquan, was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, and was an official and scholar in the Qing Dynasty. Ganliang Road, Gansu Province. Works, good poetry and prose. He is the author of Liang and Xiangquan Collection.
Gu Pinzhen: A native of Kunming, Yunnan, graduated from the Japanese Army NCO School. 192 1 year, served as commander-in-chief of the Yunnan army and expelled Tang. Later, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Northern Expedition Army in Yunnan by Sun Yat-sen, and was killed the following year.
Gu Zhenghong: Binhai, Jiangsu, leader of the labor movement. 1925, he led the workers' representatives of cotton yarn factories in Shanghai and abroad into the factory to negotiate, and was shot dead by Japanese capitalists, which became the fuse of the May 30th Movement.
Gu: Zi Mosan (1892- 1987), a native of Lianshui, Jiangsu. Graduated from the sixth phase of Baoding Military Academy. He used to be the staff officer of Guangdong Army, the provost of Huangpu Military Academy, the director of management department, and the senior backbone of Huangpu Department. He has served as the battalion commander, deputy division commander, war general, director of Luoyang battalion, chairman of Jiangsu province, director of Chongqing battalion and chairman of Guizhou province, and director of camping. He has participated in the Red Army's crusade, Northern Expedition, warlord melee, "encirclement and suppression" and other battles. During the Anti-Japanese War, he served as Commander-in-Chief of the Third Theater and Chairman of Jiangsu Province, and was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to create the "Southern Anhui Incident" that shocked China and foreign countries. Later, he served as director of Xuzhou appeasement office, commander-in-chief of the army and chief of staff. After going to Taiwan Province, he also served as "Minister of Defense". 1950 served as vice chairman of the strategic advisory Committee, 1959 was transferred to the secretary-general of the national defense conference, 1967 returned to the strategic advisory Committee, 1977 returned to the strategic advisory Committee.
Gu Weijun: A native of Jiading, Shanghai, was a diplomat in the period of Beiyang government and Kuomintang government. Successive ministers in Europe and America. 19 19 attended the Paris peace conference and argued for China's return to the sovereignty of Shandong Peninsula. Later, he served as foreign minister, finance minister and acting prime minister of Beiyang government. After 1932, he served as the foreign minister of the Kuomintang government and the representative of the League of Nations and the United Nations. 1956 to the International Court of Justice in The Hague. During his stay in America, he still missed Jiading. It is said that when he meets people who have been to Shanghai, he always asks about Jiading. Once, when my aunt and nephew talked about Jiading, he excitedly drew a map of Jiading, including the famous ancient pagoda and Confucius Temple in Jiading, and then drew an east-west street, writing "Ximen" at the west end of the street, saying that his home was in Ximen. Gu Weijun often writes "Lin Ting cares about his family" in his paintings, and he never forgets his hometown.
Fourth, the county hall number
Wang Jun 1
Huiji County: In the 25th year of Qin Shihuang (222 BC), it set up a county in the former Wuyue area and ruled Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). It is equivalent to the south of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu, the east of Maoshan, most of Zhejiang Province and Fujian Province. Shunzhi moved to Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang).
Wuling county: the county of Emperor Henkel. Governance is located in Yiling (now Xupu South, Hunan). It is equivalent to Changyang, Wufeng, Hefeng and Laifeng counties in Hubei Province, to the west of Yuanjiang River Basin in Hunan Province, to the east of Guizhou Province, and to Sanjiang and Longsheng in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
2. Hall number
Three Unique Classrooms: Gu Kaizhi in the Tang Dynasty was unique in talent, painting and infatuation (infatuation is to concentrate on painting like a fool). It is said that there are three unique skills.
In addition, Gu also has Huijitang, Dunxu Hall, Huaiyuan Hall, Yukuntang Hall, Yongsitang, Gesitang, Ningweitang, Senior High School Entrance Examination Hall and Wuling Hall.
Clan characteristics of verb (abbreviation of verb)
1. Most historical celebrities Gu came from the south, especially Jiangsu. Throughout the history of Gu surname, its development and reproduction center has always been in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and Gu surname is a typical southern surname.
2. There are many scholars and writers in the name of Gu, but they have one characteristic, that is, they are mostly related to politics rather than pure scholars.
3. Gu's arrangement is orderly. According to Gu Tingrui's genealogy in the 24th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1898), a line written by the surname Gu in Jiangsu Province reads: "Ming is Wanli, An Guo Qi Xian Liang."