The first is Chen Jintang, Yuan Kerang, Zhang Boju and Song Chuanxing; Second, Yuan, Pu Dong, Zhang Xueliang; The third is Yuan, Lu, Zhang Xueliang; The fourth is, Zhang Xueliang, Duan Hongye, Lu; The fifth is Jiang Xiaowu, Chen Lvan, Monday Xi, Lien Chan; The sixth is Qian Fu, Chen Fuan, James Soong and Lien Chan; Seventh is Shen Junshan, Qian Fu, Chen Fuan and Lien Chan. Most of them prefer the second version, and I also take the second version here.
It was recorded in "A Supplement to the Chronicles of Hong Xian": "Man refers to the four sons of modern times, one is (referring to Yuan), the other is Yu, the third is Zhang Xueliang, and the fourth is Pu Dong. One is Xiao Jia, the son of Lu Yongxiang, and the other is Zhang Xiaoruo, the son of Zhang Jian. Some people also said: one is Pu Dong, the owner of the Red Bean Pavilion, the other is Yu, and the fourth is Zhang Xueliang. This sentence was widely circulated in Shanghai and later spread to Beijing. I lived in Haidian for more than ten years before, and I was also referred to as Yu Yue: one of these four sons. "
Regarding the origin of the "Four Childes of the Republic of China", the most common statement is that the upper class in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai collectively referred to the four legendary grandchildren at that time during the Republic of China. Among them, Yuan, Zhang Xueliang and Pu Dong are the four most influential poets.
Zhang Boju 1
Zhang Boju (1898- 1982) was born in Xiangcheng, Henan. Known as the "first collector of the Republic of China", it is a cultural wonder that integrates collectors, painters, poets and Peking Opera art researchers.
Childe's first condition is to be born in a noble family, and Zhang Boju naturally meets this requirement. He was born into a noble family in Xiangcheng, Henan Province. His biological father and uncle Zhang are both in high positions and have a deep relationship with the Yuan Shikai family.
Zhang Boju entered a private school at the age of seven, because he could write poetry at the age of nine, and was regarded as a "child prodigy". He studied in the same college as Yuan Shikai's sons. After graduation, he entered the cavalry department of the Army Mixed Model Regiment for training, thus entering the military field and serving as a member of the Senate. With his temperament, he is genuinely tired of military life and thinks it is a shame to be a soldier. So regardless of parents' opposition, he resolutely withdrew from the military and political circles. From then on, reading, singing opera, writing and being a son became his profession, so he was called "strange grandfather" by people at that time.
He has a good relationship with Peking Opera master, painter Zhang Daqian and poet Zhou. He is versatile and good at reciting poems. He was once called "Southern Shen and Northern Zhang" with Shen Zufen, a poetess.
Liu Haisu, a master of Chinese painting, commented on Zhang Boju: "He is a peak on the plateau of contemporary culture. Four rivers gushed from his vast mind, that is, painting and calligraphy collection, poetry, drama and calligraphy. The four sisters communicate with each other and have their own personalities. It can be called an old celebrity in Jinghua and a true scholar in the Art Garden. "
Yuan Dingke, the eldest son of Yuan Shikai, lived in Zhangjia in his later years and finally died in Zhangjia. It is said that Yuan never lost his boyish demeanor until his death. When eating, he has no fish or meat, but he still has to put a napkin on his chest, hold a Latin book in his hand, cut corn flour into pieces and eat it with pickles. Zhang Boju once wrote a poem about it:
"Kunming, the pool reflects the blue sky, and there is no fish in the ocean; Rough tea and light rice are the same, only Gong Zhan pays attention to his daily life. "
Yuan is like this, is he like this? In the early 1980s, Zhang Boju returned to Beijing from Changchun, and the painter Huang Yongyu had seen him in a western restaurant in the suburbs of Beijing. I saw that he was restless and ordered a pot of red vegetable soup, four slices of bread, a small plate of jam and two small pieces of butter. All the dishes are served. He is also a bra napkin. He eats slowly, calmly and gracefully. After drinking the red vegetable soup, he took out a towel, carefully wrapped the noodles in jam and butter, carried it and left slowly. Wind, frost, rain and snow brought him to the era of reform and opening up. No wonder Huang Yongyu was dumbfounded.
Born into an official family, he dislikes military and political affairs and hates fame. I was born in a symmetrical tree, and my eyebrows and eyes are full of romance. I have only talked about romantic poems, books, operas and antiques, and I know everything. I look like a beautiful son in troubled times. Zhang Boju and Lang Yan are unique.
1982 In the spring, Zhang Boju died in Beijing at the age of 84. The "first collector in the world" in Qigong's mouth and the "master of art garden" in the hearts of the younger generation finally drove the crane westward and returned to Gankun.
2. Yuan
Yuan (1889— 193 1) was born in Seoul, North Korea, and his ancestral home was Xiangcheng, Henan. Kunqu master, one of the four sons of the Republic of China.
Yuan's life is well known. His father was Yuan Shikai, a fierce man in the Republic of China, and his mother, Mrs. Kim, was the daughter of a North Korean nobleman. He has been very clever since he was a child. He is well-read and proficient in epigraphy, calligraphy and painting, poetry and opera. Most of Yuan Shikai's later private manuscripts came from him. He is deeply loved by his father, so he compares himself to Cao Zhi of the Three Kingdoms.
19 16 years, Yuan Shikai died of illness and Yuan Jiashu fell apart. Yuan lived in Shanghai for a long time and made a living by selling calligraphy and painting. He joined green gang, a big gang in Shanghai at that time, and was also a very senior generation in green gang, with more than 100 disciples. Huang, the rogue tycoon who dominated Shanghai at that time, was listed as a "tong" generation, even lower than Yuan. Known as "Du in the south, Huang in the north", people call Yuan "little boss". In fact, he is essentially a literary figure full of prose, so some people say that he is "a noble son and a pure scholar."
Yuan is familiar with the four books and five classics, proficient in calligraphy and painting, loves poetry and songs, and loves to collect calligraphy and painting, antiques and so on. In addition, he also loves Peking Opera and Kunqu Opera, and often associates with celebrities such as Zhang Boju and Pu Dong, and has performed on the same stage as Mei Lanfang and Ou Yangyuqian.
193 1 During the Spring Festival, Yuan died in Tianjin at the age of 4 1. He spent a lot of money on weddings all his life, but only 20 yuan was left, so his family couldn't arrange his funeral. Thanks to the disciples and grandchildren in green gang, he was buried. It is said that at his funeral, thousands of monks, Taoist priests, nuns and lamas came to see him off, and even many prostitutes tied white-headed ropes and wept bitterly, reminding people of Liu Sanbian more than/kloc-0.000 years ago.
3. Zhang Xueliang
Zhang Xueliang (190 1—200 1), a native of Taian, Liaoning.
Zhang Xueliang's father, Zhang Zuolin, was a veritable "King of Northeast China" and was honored as "Young Shuai" by people at that time. He is Chiang Kai-shek's brother and an outstanding figure on the political stage of the Republic of China.
As Zhang's eldest son, Zhang Xueliang is loved by thousands of people. He grew up in a luxurious environment, studied English and made friends with celebrities. When he grew up, he was a handsome guy with a personable demeanor, dressed in a suit and tie, and went to banquet halls in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. His love affair with the famous Miss Zhao Si became a much-told story.
The four sons of the Republic of China all love collecting, and Zhang Xueliang is no exception. His collection is as rich as Zhang Boju and others.
As many people know, the "Four Childes" of the Republic of China have their own collections of classics, which was probably a kind of "fashion" at that time. In addition to the great collectors, the ancient books of Song and Yuan Dynasties in Yuan's Hundred Songs and Eight Classics Hall are also very weighty. Most of Zhang Xueliang's collections were purchased in his early years, involving ancient books, Wan Wen, calligraphy and painting, etc. There are many treasures. Later, Zhang Xueliang suffered misfortune. After more than half a century's imprisonment, many of his collections were inevitably lost. However, when he left Taiwan Province Province at the end of 1994, there were still many collections around him, far from being comparable to ordinary collectors.
In 200 1 year, Centennial Marshal Zhang Xueliang died in the picturesque Honolulu. The last son of the Republic of China has gone, and there are no more princes and grandchildren in the world.
4. Pudong
Pudong (1877—— 1950) Ai Xinjue Roche, whose name is Houzhai (Houzhai) and Xiyuan. Nicknamed "Red Bean Master".
Pu Dong was born in the royal family of Qing Dynasty, and his prominent position was unparalleled. He is the grandson of Prince Gong Yixin and the cousin of Xuan Tong Emperor Puyi. His father Zaizhi is the great-grandson of eleven sons of Emperor Qianlong, and he was adopted by the eldest son of Daoguang, Yin Zhi County King. He is the hereditary general of the town, the assistant of the Lord and the prime minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs. Because he ranks fifth, the world respectfully calls him "the Fifth Master of Dong".
Pu Dong was recognized as a genius of traditional Chinese opera in the Republic of China. Since childhood, I have been studying classics, poetry, piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, collecting stone inscriptions, being good at printing and loving drama. For Kunqu opera and Beijing art, he not only worked hard on life, Dan, purity, beauty and ugliness, but also knew all about traditional Chinese opera music such as flute, erhu, Heizi and pipa. He is called a layman who is "more expert". He once played the five roles of Zhou Yu, Lu Su, Jiang Gan, Cao Cao and Huang Gai in the Peking Opera Heroes, all of which were exquisite and caused a sensation at that time. He has also collaborated with Mei Lanfang on "Strange Double Meeting" and other tracks, and the opera circle unanimously called him "the king of the ticket industry".
Because Pu Dong is well-read and has both civil and military skills, when he mentioned "Fifth Master Dong" in the pear garden, no one refused, and countless people came to learn from the teacher. It is said that the famous figures at that time, such as Yan, Yan, Yan and others, had learned from him.
Chen Yanheng, a researcher of Tan School, commented on Pu Dong: "Sometimes black powder comes to power, and that kind of lofty spirit comes from nature, which is particularly unparalleled."
Luo Yinggong, a famous playwright and teacher Cheng, commented on Pu Dong in his book Ju Tan: "Houzhai is good at color, and there is no skill in writing, painting and appreciating outside music. It has the advantages of Tanghe, which is beyond the reach of other celestial bodies. "
In addition to Chinese opera, Pu Dong is also good at appreciating classical literature and cultural relics, and is well versed in the rhythm of lyrics and chapters. On a good day in the Spring and Autumn Period, he would invite friends to stay at Xueyuan Temple in Xishan and play a song "Mountain Flowing Water", which would make people feel refined. This elegance is unparalleled.
1950 In June, Pu Dong died in Shanghai at the age of 73. My friend Mei Lanfang heard the news and came to offer condolences in the rain. At this time, the coffin was covered. At Mei Lanfang's earnest request, the family opened the coffin and let two old friends see each other for the last time. Later generations buried Pu Dong in Lingyan Mountain, Suzhou, the birthplace of Kunqu Opera, according to his last wish. A generation of opera wizards finally slept with his favorite opera art.
The fourth son of the Republic of China is the real celebrity, romantic. Later, people commented on "Four Childes of the Republic of China" and said: To find a husband, choose Zhang Boju; To find a lover, choose Yuan; To find a confidant, choose Zhang Xueliang; Find friends and choose Pudong.
As Teacher Liu Qiang said: "The Republic of China is the most similar to Wei and Jin Dynasties", especially in the 1920s and 1930s, the crescent literati shared the same legacy of Wei and Jin Dynasties as the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest (including their peripheral personnel).
I miss the Republic of China because that era is gone forever and prosperous, and now only loneliness remains.