Wine and wine in Song Ci is one of the most frequent images in Song Ci. Poets love it, perhaps because wine has a very close relationship with people's lives. Have you noticed that poets like to drink and write poems, and Jianghu chivalrous people also like to entertain guests. Wine can be used not only to express the free and easy heroic mind, but also to express the ecstasy of sadness: reunion after a long separation, being the top scholar, how can you be happy without wine? An old friend is far away, has no face in Jiangdong, and is alone in a foreign land. How should I solve my troubles at this time? Only Du Kang!
Unfiltered rice wine
Turbid wine can be seen everywhere in Song Ci. So, what is turbid wine? Turbid wine is the antonym of sake. One theory holds that turbid wine refers to unfiltered wine, or it is not clear enough because of its low technology and insufficient purity. It is also said that all the wines brewed in ancient times were rice wine, and most of them contained a lot of sediments, so they were called turbid wine. In the Zhou Dynasty, with a relatively perfect brewing technology, there were people who specialized in brewing (winemakers) and corresponding officials (winemakers). There are three kinds of wine and five kinds of wine at this time. "There are three kinds of wine, one is the wine of the past, the other is the wine of the past, and the third is sake" ("Zhou Li Notes"). The wine of the past is brewed by events for a short time; Yesterday's wine is a wine that can be stored for a short time, slightly mellow; Sake was brewed in winter and cooked in summer, which was the highest among the wines at that time. "Distinguish the names of the five vessels, one is called, the other is called edge vessel, the third is called Ang vessel, the fourth is called body vessel, and the fifth is called artifact" (Zhou Li's Note). Five gases are five different colors of wine. Pan Qi is distiller's grains floating in wine, while Qiyi is a mixture of me and liquid. Angie is white wine, and Tiki is yellow wine. These five kinds of wine are all turbid compared with sake.
At first, the allusion of turbid wine should come from Ji Kang's Breaking Up with Mountain Residence. He told his friend Dan Tao that it was inconvenient for him to persuade him to be an official, and then said, "I hope to keep this humble hutong today and educate my children and grandchildren;" When I get old, I talk about my life. Have a glass of turbid wine and play the piano. " Ji Kang shows that he doesn't envy wealth. As long as he has simple material comforts, he can enjoy family happiness with his descendants and relatives.
From this, it is not difficult to know that the quality of turbid wine is not good, and it may even be poor. This kind of turbid wine has become a simple symbol of material life, and its meaning is quite extensive. First, it can reflect the tragic feelings in a bad environment, second, it can describe the state of mind that although it is turbid wine, it does not reduce friendship at all, third, it can also reflect the sadness of lamenting the beauty, and so on.
-solemn and stirring
Turbid wine adds a heroic spirit to frontier fortress ci. In Fan Zhongyan's famous "Fisherman's Passion", there is a stirring saying that "a glass of turbid wine will make Wan Li's home". The turbidity of wine is only a portrayal of the poor living conditions of the border guards, and naturally it can't be compared with the comfort at home. In the vigorous and gloomy words, in the sharp contrast, we can vaguely see the old general who is over 500 years old, holding a glass of turbid wine, looking at the soldiers who can't sleep around him, thinking about his hometown thousands of miles away, and his inner depression is fully revealed. However, the border is uneven and it is not easy to go home. Unfulfilled ambitions and homesickness come to mind together.
Yu Jiaao/Fan Zhongyan
The scenery in Qiu Lai is different, and Hengyang Goose is unknown. The four sides are connected with each other. Thousands of miles away, the long smoke closes.
A glass of turbid wine is Wan Li's home, but Ran Yan didn't return to his home, and frost grew all over the place. People don't sleep, and the general has white hair and tears.
The turbid wine in frontier fortress poems is mostly tragic and melancholy. Zhang Xiaoxiang's "A statue of the east building of the muddy wine town, a bar weeping and hating platform" is even more tragic for border guards and soldiers! Guarding the border, only muddy wine can ease the mood of fighting for the country, and the oncoming wind after drinking is a bit more tragic. Among them, A Statue of Turbid Wine uses Fan Zhongyan's allusions. Compared with the two, the tragic life of the frontier army is like being loved.
-Free.
Yang Shen's "Linjiang Fairy" "A pot of turbid wine is happy to meet. How many things in ancient and modern times, all pay a joke ",read word for word, all I feel is the author's optimistic and free and easy feelings. "Old friends meet, just a glass of wine to celebrate. Old friends know each other and don't care about external forms. A glass of turbid wine is enough to drink all the changes in the world together, which is the free and easy and heroic of the drinker.
Lin Jiangxian/Yang Shen
The Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves wash away heroes. Success or failure has turned empty, the green hills are still there, and the sunset is a few degrees red.
The white-haired hermit by the river has long been used to the changes of time. A pot of turbid wine is happy to meet, and many things in ancient and modern times are paid in a joke.
This sentence "A pot of turbid wine is happy to meet" is similar to Li Shutong's "A pot of turbid wine is full of rings". This kind of optimism, open-mindedness and contempt for the secular are exactly what ancient literati dreamed of pursuing. Lv Shengqi, Magnolia Slow? 6? 1 The artistic conception blown out by Residual Red is quite similar: "Looking back at the dream of that year, smiling and then pouring turbid wine".
Being alone in a foreign land often makes poets feel homesick. However, in Wang Zhidao's "Jiangchengzi", "A glass of turbid wine makes me drunk from the road, and my home is far away, and I dream" is an open-minded view of the life scene in a foreign land: although my home is far away, I can see every bit of it in my dream. As the saying goes, here is my heart, why not my home? Cat, "the fisherman's pride? 6? 1 Chongyang Daily has a saying, "What is the limit of yellow flower turbid wine? Chen Liang, known as Mr. Longchuan, is outspoken and generous. In this sentence, the yellow flower wine is not like the words used by Huang Tingjian and Ruben in the following article, nor is it used as a sad implication, but as a rendering of the free and easy expression of the whole word.
-Qing Huan
Su Shi once had a famous saying, "The taste of the world is pure joy", which was sung by many literati, covering a dream in the hearts of literati: away from officialdom, away from the noise of the city, away from fame and fortune, and guarding a faint happiness alone. Lin Qingxuan also wrote an essay "Qing Huan" for this purpose. The low-quality muddy wine is just such a light and happy symbol, so there are not a few words with this meaning in Song Ci.
Jiang Kui, "fishing? 6? 1 lai's "but the turbid wine calls each other, the curtain rolls itself, and the moonlight shines clear." Baishi's poems mostly describe the life of wild cranes in the clouds, with light language and distant artistic conception. From this sentence, we can get a glimpse: in a few words, quiet and elegant scenes quietly emerge. Huang Ji's ci style is "learning from Xin Qiji, gloomy and desolate, yet elegant and elegant". Its word "pour turbid wine, cherish fleeting time." "When will the Tooth Flag Night Market be worn?" ("partridge day? 6? 1 Liu Jimei's dry snow) is also written by this kind of turbid wine, and I feel the situation that will last forever. Zhang Ji's "Hao Xishan" even has the words "called turbid wine, * * * Qing Huan, playing five strings at will". What a leisurely and light life wants is such a casual and unrestrained life. There is a saying in Xin Qiji's "Water Tune Song Tou" that "Su Qin's turbid wine calls guests, and there will always be ancient customs". It can be seen that there is quite an ancient ethos that is the ideal of poets and poets. It is an elegant scene to talk about wine with a glass of Su Qin. In the poem "He Xinlang" written by anonymous, there is "three cups of chess and a game of wine, which makes you sit before the flowers and the moon." These leisurely lives are enviable.
melancholy
Huang Tingjian's sentence "Dark wine and yellow flowers, painting eaves for ten days without autumn swallows" is to put the two images of dark wine and yellow flowers together to convey the author's gloomy feeling of lamenting the passage of time. Lv Benzhong's "Xijiang Moon" ends with "two poems in the same glass of turbid wine, and a small threshold of yellow flowers is drunk", which expresses an author's sad but helpless melancholy mood about current affairs. In the author's opinion, only wine and poetry can relieve worries, and only yellow flowers can know their own hearts. This kind of loneliness is also found in Lu You's poems, Lu You's "Qinyuanchun"? 6? 1 In the pink plum shoots, "a statue of turbid wine shed tears", lamenting the passage of time, and I can only talk about my sorrow through turbid wine.
Wang Chu seems to be in an optimistic mood when he reads "A glass of turbid wine is everything in the world" (Broken Magnolia). As long as there is turbid wine, what else can't there be? In fact, if you look closely, behind this self-deprecating optimism is a deeper sadness. It is because there is no solution to sadness that we lament that everything is a drunken dream. Read carefully and you will be touched. Zhao Yifu, on the other hand, has "Three cups of turbid wine and a roll of Huangting" ("Candle Shadow Shakes Red"), which depicts the loneliness of the elderly who have nothing but turbid wine. This kind of language is implicit, but if Janice's words are "worried and helpless, three glasses of turbid wine and a deep sleep" ("Qinyuanchun"), he directly expresses his sad helplessness, and simply drinks the turbid wine and goes to sleep after drinking it.