1. Four Treasures of the Study (pen, ink, paper and inkstone)
Pen, ink, paper and inkstone are unique calligraphy and painting tools (painting and calligraphy tools) in China. The name of Four Treasures of the Study originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Historically, the things referred to by "Four Treasures of the Study" have changed frequently. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, "Four Treasures of the Study" refers to Zhuge Pen in Xuancheng, Anhui Province, Li Tinggui Ink in Huizhou, Chengxintang Paper in Huizhou, Anhui Province, and Longwei inkstone in Wuyuan, Anhui Province.
2. Four Good Elegances (Qin, Qi, Calligraphy and Painting)
Qin, Qi and Painting refer to four ancient artistic cultural relics or skills, such as Qin, Qin, Wei, calligraphy and painting, also known as "Four Good Elegances". How to master the four skills of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting has become the standard to measure whether a person is talented or not in ancient times. As a typical symbol of ancient culture and art, Cao Xueqin named the personal maid of "Four Springs" as "holding the piano, playing chess, serving books and painting" in A Dream of Red Mansions, which also reflected the position of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting in the life of ancient literati.
3. Gentleman in Flowers (Mei Lan Zhu Ju)
Mei Lan Zhu Ju refers to plum blossom, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, and is called "four gentlemen". The symbols of culture are proud, quiet, firm and light in quality. Mei Lan Zhu Ju has become a symbol of China people's feelings about things and metaphors, and it is also the most common theme in object-chanting poems and literati paintings. It is rooted in the longing for this aesthetic personality realm, and it is also a common theme in object-chanting poems and artists' calligraphy and painting, and is known as the four gentlemen in flowers.
4. Four Diagnoses of Traditional Chinese Medicine (seeing, hearing and asking)
Methods of diagnosing diseases by traditional Chinese medicine. Hope is to observe the patient's development, complexion, tongue coating and expression; Smell is to listen to the patient's voice, cough, wheezing, and sniff out the patient's bad breath, body odor and other smells; Ask is to ask the patient about the symptoms he feels, the diseases he has suffered before, etc. It is necessary to feel the pulse by hand or press the abdomen for any lumps. It's called four diagnoses.
Extended information
The origin of Four Treasures of the Study (pen, ink, paper and inkstone)
The tools and materials of China's calligraphy are basically evolved from pen, ink, paper and inkstone. People usually call them "Four Treasures of the Study", which roughly means that they are the four treasures necessary for a scholar's study. Because the ancient literati in China were basically able to write or draw, or both, they could not do without the four treasures of pen, ink, paper and inkstone.
The name of "study room" originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (42-589 AD) in Chinese history, which specifically refers to the literati's study. As for the pen, ink, paper and inkstone used in the study room, it was praised as "Four Treasures of the Study". In addition to the four treasures, there are also pen containers, pen holders, ink beds, ink cartridges, arm rests, pen washing, book towns, water spoons, inkstone drops, inkstone boxes, inkpad, Yin He, knives, stamps, drums, etc., which are also essential products in the study.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Treasures of the Study (pen, ink, paper and inkstone)
Baidu Encyclopedia-Elegant Four Good
Baidu Encyclopedia-Mei Lan Zhu Ju (cultural symbol)
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