2. Classical Chinese (1) Wen Zhiming's calligraphy "Chronicle of the Book Forest" The original Wen Zhiming wrote "Thousand-character essays", with ten books as the rate every day, and the calligraphy style has made great progress.
I have lived in books all my life, and I have never hesitated, or simply answered people, and I have never taken pains again and again, so the older I get, the more subtle I am. Wen Zhiming supervised the writing of Wenziwen, with ten books written every day as the standard, and calligraphy made rapid progress.
He has never been careless in writing all his life. Sometimes answering people's letters is a bit incomplete. I must have rewritten it three times and five times, not afraid of trouble.
Therefore, the older he is, the more exquisite and beautiful his calligraphy becomes. Reading training 1. Explain the words added in the following sentences: ① This book has made great progress; 2 Born in a book; (3) Wen Zhiming wrote a thousand words; (4) or reply to people's letters; 2. Translate "if you are not careful, you will never get tired of watching it" into modern Chinese.
Summarize the center of this passage in one sentence. A: (2) Xue Tan studied from the original text. Xue Tan studied from Qin Qing, but he said that he had lost his skills and resigned.
Make a short stop in Fuzhi, farewell dinner in the suburb of Qu, fondle elegy, and make a deafening noise. Tan Xue is shooting the other side. He never dares to answer his words all his life.
Xue Tan learned to sing with Qin Qing, but he didn't finish learning Qin Qing's skills. He thought he had finished learning and left for home. Qin Qing did not dissuade him, but gave him a farewell dinner on the roadside outside the city. Qin Qing patted the festival and sang an elegy.
The song shook the trees and the sound stopped the clouds. Tan Xue then apologized to Qin Qing and asked to come back to continue his studies.
From then on, he never dared to say that he wanted to go home. Reading training 1. Explain the meaning of the following additional words in the text
Qin Qing, check it. ② Very loud.
2. One of the following sentences with incorrect usage and meaning judgment is () A.① is the same as ②, ③ is different from ④ B.① is different from ②, ③ is the same as ④ C.① is the same as ②, ③ is the same as ④ D.① is different from ②, ③ is different from ④. 4. What did this story inspire you? A: Five. Does Xue Tan have any merits? If so, what is it? A: (3) Fan Zhongyan is interested in the world. Fan Zhongyan is two years old, lonely, poor and helpless.
I have little ambition, and I take the world as my responsibility every time. I either study hard or stay out at night and need to face the water. No food, just read with porridge. As an official, every passionate talk about what's going on in the world is desperate.
Even after being slandered, Dengzhou was protected by the government. ‖ Zhong Yan works hard and is self-motivated. He doesn't care about meat, and his wife just has enough food and clothing.
I often say to myself: "A scholar worries about the world first, and then enjoys the world." Fan Zhongyan lost his father at the age of two, and his family was poor and helpless.
When he was young, he was ambitious and often washed his face with cold water. I often can't even eat rice, so I eat porridge and insist on reading.
After he became an official, he often talked about world events and risked his life. So that some people were demoted for saying bad things, and they were demoted to Dengzhou secretariat by participating in government affairs.
Fan Zhongyan tempered himself badly, eating little meat, and his wife and children only took care of themselves. He often recites two sentences in his works: "Scholars worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world."
Reading training 1. Read and explain the words added in the following sentences. Pronunciation while eating porridge: Righteousness: ② Don't cry for water: Righteousness: ③ Eating without making a sound: Righteousness: ④ Even being slandered: Righteousness: 2. The correct translation of "taking the world as one's responsibility" is () A. Taking the world's major events as one's responsibility every day.
B. I often take the management of state affairs as my due responsibility. C. I often regard world affairs as my due task.
D. take charge of state affairs every day. 3. The following sentences have been translated into modern Chinese.
(1) If you are in a daze at night, you need water to wash your face. (2) The wife is only self-sufficient in food and clothing. (4) The level of this text has been drawn in the text. Please summarize the meaning briefly. 1235. "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" is a famous sentence in the Yueyang Tower written by Fan Zhongyan. Like this article, this sentence has played a role in this article.
(4) When Sima Wengong, the original text of sima guang studious's Records of the Words and Actions of Famous Officials in the Three Dynasties, was young, he was asked that he was not a human being, lived in groups and taught, and all his brothers strolled into chanting; You can recite it twice if you are alone. Those who work harder will go further, and what they recite will be unforgettable for life.
Wen Gong once said: "You can't recite a book, or recite its words and think about its meaning at once, or you can get more when you don't sleep in the middle of the night." When Sima Guang was a child, he was worried that his ability to recite poetry books was not as good as others.
Everyone studied and discussed together, and the other brothers had already finished reciting, so they went to play and have a rest; (Sima Guang) A person studies hard, concentrating and studying hard as Dong Zhongshu and Confucius did when they were studying, until they can recite skillfully. There is more energy in reading now, and the gains will be long-term. The books he intensively reads and recites will be unforgettable for life. Sima Guang once said: "You can't read without reciting. When you are riding and walking, when you can't sleep in the middle of the night, recite the article you have read and think about its meaning, and you will gain more! " Reading training 1. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1) If you don't remember what disease you have, you can recite it twice, but you can stop. (3) If you can recite it twice, you can stop. (2) The usage of the word "Time" is different from that in Time. () A. Only in the hands of slaves. B.you can only see beauty. C. all the guests are neck and eyes. D. Beijing has goodness. B. He never forgets what he is proficient in.
C. this book must be recited. D. recite the text, think about its meaning, and get more.
In the article, "I am the only one who should study hard" only refers to Sima Guang. We have learned a similar idiom, which also describes diligence in reading. This idiom is (5) Ouyang Xiu studied the original story of Ouyang Gong. Ouyang Gong is four years old and lonely. His family is poor and has no money.
Mrs. Tai painted the ground with a shovel and taught it with calligraphy. Recite many ancient chapters.
And it's a little longer, and there are no books to read at home, so I borrowed them from scholars or copied them. Even forget to eat and sleep, but reading is a service.
Poetry and prose written since childhood, to adulthood. Mr. Ouyang Xiu's father died when he was four years old. His family is poor and has no money to study.
The wife wrote on the beach with a reed pole and taught him to write. And taught him to read many ancient chapters.
When I am old and have no books to read at home, I go to a nearby reader's house to borrow books, and sometimes I copy them. In this way, day and night, sleepless, just concentrate on reading.
I have been writing since I was a child.
3. Recommend several original classical Chinese poems "Mulan Poems" obtained in the seventh grade unified examination: chirp answers chirp, Mulan knits at home, and only listens to women sigh.
Ask a woman what she thinks and what she remembers. She has nothing to think about and nothing to remember. The military post I saw last night was full of soldiers.
Twelve volumes of the art of war, each with your grandfather's name. Grandpa has no eldest son and Mulan has no big brother. She is willing to be a pommel horse, so she will sign for you from now on. Buy horses in the east, saddles in the west, reins in the south and whip in the north.
Say goodbye to parents and go to the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing.
But bid farewell to the Yellow River and stay in Montenegro at dusk. I can't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I hear Yanshan Hu riding a horse.
Wan Li to Rongji, the mountain is flying. The breath of the new moon is golden, and the cold light is iron.
The general died in battle, and the strong man returned in ten years. See you later, the son of heaven is sitting in the hall.
Policy 12 turn, before reward 100. Khan asked him what he wanted, and Mulan didn't need Shang Shulang.
I am willing to send my son back to his hometown. When parents heard that their daughter was coming, they went out to help Guo.
Sister-in-law heard that her sister-in-law was coming to take care of her red makeup. When I heard my sister coming, I sharpened my knife at pigs and sheep.
Open my East Pavilion door and sit on my West Pavilion bed. Take off my wartime robe and put on my old clothes.
When the window is decorated with clouds and temples, the mirror is painted yellow. Go out to see the fire companion, and the fire companion is busy.
After traveling together for twelve years, I didn't know Mulan was a girl. The male rabbit's feet are confused and the female rabbit's eyes are blurred.
When two rabbits walk side by side, can I tell if I am a male or a female? The loom kept ringing, and Miss Mulan was weaving at the door. Suddenly, the loom stopped, and only Miss Mulan sighed.
Ask Miss Mulan what she is thinking and what she is missing. Mulan replied, I didn't think of anything, and I didn't miss anything. I only saw the military orders last night and learned that the emperor was recruiting troops on a large scale. There are many books on the draft register, each with his father's name on it.
My father has no adult son, and Mulan has no brother. I am willing to buy a pommel horse for this and apply for it instead of my father. Buy horses in the east market, saddles and cushions under saddles in the west market, chews and reins in the south market and whips in the north market.
In the morning, I said goodbye to my parents and set off. In the evening, I camped by the Yellow River. I can't hear my parents calling for my daughter, but I can only hear the rushing of the Yellow River. Say goodbye to the Yellow River in the morning and set off. In the evening, I arrived in Montenegro. I can't hear my parents calling my daughter, but I can only hear the chirping of the horses of Yanshan conference semifinals.
Not far, to the battlefield. The army flew over the pass and the mountains.
The sound of playing came from the cold in the north. The icy moonlight reflected the soldiers' armor.
After countless battles, the soldiers won after many years. When he returned home in triumph, he appeared in front of the emperor, who sat in the palace and rewarded him for his achievements.
It is the highest honor to give Mulan, and she has received many awards. The son of heaven asked Mulan what she wanted. Mulan doesn't want to be an official like Shang, but wants to ride a swift horse and send her back to her hometown.
Parents heard that their daughter was back and helped each other to meet her outside the city; When my sister heard that she was back, she dressed up in front of the door. My brother heard that my sister came back and was busy sharpening the knife and killing pigs and sheep. Open the door in the east of my boudoir, sit on the bed in the west of my boudoir, take off my shirt, put on old clothes, arrange my sideburns like clouds in front of the window, and stick yellow flowers on my forehead in front of the mirror.
They were all surprised when they went out to meet their comrades-in-arms. They all said that they had traveled together for 12 years and didn't even know Mulan was a girl. The male rabbit's feet like flapping, and the female rabbit's eyes are always squinting. When they run next to each other on the ground, how can they tell who is male and who is female? Original: Since the Three Gorges is 700 miles away, there are mountains on both sides of the Three Gorges, and nothing is lacking; Layers of rocks are stacked on top of each other, blocking the sunlight in the sky: since midnight, there has been no sunrise or moon.
As for launching Xiangling, it is along the back block. Or the king ordered an emergency notice, sometimes going to Baidicheng and going to Jiangling at dusk. During this period, although he took the wind, he didn't get sick.
In spring and summer, the green pool is surging and the reflection is clear. There are many strange cypresses, hanging springs and waterfalls flying in them.
Rong Qing Junmao, it's fun. At the beginning of every sunny day, first frost is in the sky, the forest is cold and quiet, and high apes often whistle, which is a sad thing.
The empty valley echoes and the sadness turns for a long time. So the fisherman sang: "The Wuxia Gorge of the Three Gorges in Badong is long, and the apes cry three times!" The Three Gorges is 700 miles, with mountains on both sides and almost no gaps.
Layers of peaks and rocks cover the sky and block the sun. If there were no noon and midnight, we would not see the sun and the moon.
In summer, floods overflow the hills on both sides of the river, and the upper and lower sewers are cut off. Sometimes the emperor has an imperial decree, which must be conveyed quickly. He started from Baidicheng in the morning and arrived at Jiangling, which is 1200 miles away in the evening. Even if he rides a galloping horse and flies in the long wind, it's not that fast.
Spring and winter festivals, white rapids, dancing waves; The green pool reflects the mountains on both sides. On the extremely steep mountain peak, there are many cypresses and waterfalls with strange postures, where the water is clear and the trees are luxuriant, the mountains are steep and the green grass is abundant, which is really interesting.
In Chuqing after the rain or first frost Day, every morning, the Shan Ye in the forest is cold and bleak, and there are often apes singing in the heights, and the sound is continuous and abnormal. The echo echoed in the empty valley and it took a long time to disappear.
So the fisherman sang: "The Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges of Badong is long, and the apes cry three times." .
4. What are the extracurricular classical Chinese that are often published in the first grade exam?
There are guests, the host has food, and the guests are unhappy. Master Xie said, "The family is poor and the city is far away, so we can't eat meat."
The guest said, "Please kill my mule and eat it."
The master said, "Why did you come back?"
The guest pointed to the chicken on the doorstep and said, "I'll borrow your chicken to ride home."
When a guest came to visit, the host only prepared vegetables to entertain the guest, and the guest was very unhappy. The host apologized and said, "Because there is no money at home and the market is far away, there is no meat for you."
The guest replied, "Then please kill my mule and eat it."
The host said, "Then how do you go back?"
The guest pointed to the chicken in front of the steps and said, "I'll borrow your chicken to ride home."
Note (1) Vegetables: Prepare vegetables and other dishes. Tools: Get ready.
(2) Thanks: Apologize.
(3) Ear: function words, modal particles, meaning "Gang" and "Gang".
(4) Why did you come back? This is an inverted sentence. The normal word order should be "Where did you go back", which means "Then how did you go back?"
(5) Jun: a title of respect for people.
(6) eat: eat.
(7) The guest is unhappy: The guest is very unhappy.
Asking:
Some guests/hosts have vegetables/guests are unhappy.
After understanding 80 words, a stingy and stupid host and a guest who harms others and himself are vividly portrayed. On the surface, this story satirizes the owner's meanness and stupidity-being hurt by others and being stupid enough to show concern. But so are the guests. Do you have to "have chickens and millet" to show the enthusiasm of the host? I want to eat meat, I don't know, but I'm still fussing around in my host's house-is it just to satisfy my desire for words? However, on the other hand, if it's a treat, if you save something, you save something. You won't suffer, but you will. However, if you "pick up the sesame seeds and lose the watermelon", you won't take it out in do or die, and it may not have a good result.
This article not only satirizes the personality characteristics of the host (stingy), but also satirizes the picky and sharp of the guests, which makes people laugh.
5. Grade one must take an examination of the classical Chinese "thoroughfare", "Ten Analects of Confucius" and "Shi Shuo Xin Yu"
I have some questions about our exam, which were published by People's Education Edition, but I don't know if they are different.
Childlike interest:
What are the three things written in this article? 1 Watch mosquitoes like cranes 2 Wandering in the mountains 3 Whipping frogs.
Duan Yi 1 always writes about the fun of being detached from things in childhood.
2-4 Write about the curiosity of observing the scenery.
How to gain interests beyond things? (Mid-term exam)
1 Strong curiosity, careful observation and rich imagination.
What was the author like when he was young?
Same as above, plus the love for small animals.
Ten Analects of Confucius:
The idiom that has been passed down to this day: Si Qi has a long way to go to choose goodness, and he has no regrets when he dies. There must be a threesome. Don't give what I don't want to others.
Shi Shuo Xin Yu:
What kind of child is Fiona Fang?
Be reasonable and smart.
What kind of people are friends?
I was lack of self-cultivation and broke my promise before, but I can correct my mistake.
Is it impolite for Fiona Fang to "start regardless"?
Not rude. A seven-year-old child should not be so perfect.
Which of the two metaphors in the article is better? Why?
Catkin is good. Because catkin gives people the feeling that spring has come, it has a kind of artistic conception beauty, while the metaphor of sprinkling salt lacks imagination beauty.
Almost all of these, in addition to translation, the source and notes under the book have to be tested, and sometimes the rhythm is also tested.
6. 1 What are they? This wine is a gift. It turned out that (Yu)' s younger brother was an hour and slept with his father during the day because * * * stole medicine and wine.
His father felt it and let him watch. Worship before drinking, and drink if you don't worship.
Then asked why Yu worshipped, Yu said, "wine is a gift, and I dare not worship." He also asked why he didn't worship, and would say, "Stealing is indecent, so I don't worship."
(From Notes 1 of Liu Yiqing's Shi Shuo Xin Yu in the Southern Dynasties: Pretend. Wine is a gift: wine is used to complete etiquette.
3 sleep: sleep. 4 Cause: Opportunity.
5 o'clock: At that time. 6 why: why.
7 sleep: wake up. 8 value: when.
Time.
Pet-name ruby temporarily. Classical Chinese knowledge explains that the word "sleep" in "when father feels it" above "sleep" does not mean "discovery" but "wake up", which means that their father wakes up at that time.
Also, "sleeping" in classical Chinese means waking up after sleeping. There is also "the thief entered the room in the middle of the night and the owner didn't feel it", which means that the thief entered the room in the middle of the night and the owner woke up.
When the Yu Zhong brothers were young, they took advantage of their father's nap to steal medicinal liquor together. Their father woke up after a sleep, so we pretended to sleep and saw what they were going to do.
Drink after the salute, and drink if the clock doesn't salute. Later, his father asked Yu Zhong why he saluted. Yu Zhong said: "Wine is a gift, and you dare not salute."
Asked why Zhong Hui didn't salute, Zhong Hui said, "Stealing is not etiquette, so I don't salute." Reading training 1. Explanation 1 Sleep: Sleep.
② Cause: Opportunity. ③ When: At that time.
Why: Why? 2. Translation: 1 Let's sleep and watch. Father will pretend to be asleep and come to see them.
② Then ask Yu why he worships. Then his father asked Yu Zhong why he saluted.
Who do you think is more reasonable, Yu Zhong or Zhong Hui? A: Zhong Hui's statement should be more reasonable, because stealing is no longer attached to etiquette, and worshipping again is a false observance of etiquette. 2. Changyang learns to shoot the original text. Changyang learned to shoot at the Dragon Slayer Column.
Zhu Yue, the dragon slayer, said, "What if you want to smell the shooting path?" ? King Chu (3) is in Yunmeng (4), which makes people dangerous (5). Birds (7), birds (8), deer come from Wang Zuo, and elk make friends with Wang You. The king opened his bow and shot an arrow. A bird flew over Wang Zhan, and his wings hung like clouds.
The king was so absorbed in the bow [13] that he didn't know what it was shooting. Uncle Jin Yang said, "I can shoot a leaf from 100, and 10 hits 10.
If you make ten leaves, you will miss what I can! Notes on Yu Ion ① Yu: Item. Road 2: the truth.
(3) Tian: hunting. 4 Yunmeng: The name of Guhuze refers to the hunting area of the King of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
5 manufacturing: manufacturing. Lead: pull.
⑥ Yu (yú) people: the small officials in charge of Shanze in ancient times. 7 get up: get up.
80 cents: it's used up. 9 cross: cross.
⑩ (hú): Swan. ⑾ (zhān): the crank flag of red fish.
⑿ Hanging clouds: hanging clouds. [13] Focus on the bow: put the arrow on the bow.
Attention, attached. [14] Uncle Yang: Yang, the sharpshooter of Chu State.
⒂ release: release. Learn archery from Zhu.
Zhu, the dragon slayer, said, "Do you want to know the truth about archery? The king of Chu hunted in Yunmeng and sent officials in charge of Shanze to coax the animals out and shoot them. Animals ran out, deer appeared on the king's left, and elk appeared on the king's right. The king drew a bow and shot an arrow. A swan spread its wings as big as a cloud and flew over the king's red flag.
The king put an arrow on the bow and didn't know who to shoot. Uncle Yang said playfully,' When I shoot an arrow, I put a leaf a hundred paces away and shoot an arrow. Ten arrows hit ten.
If you put ten leaves, it's hard to say whether you can hit it! Reading comprehension 1. Commentary: ① Yu: Item. Road 2: the truth.
③ It means "bird". 4 shots: When shooting an arrow.
2. Translation: ① Shoot a leaf a hundred paces away. Put a leaf a hundred paces away and shoot an arrow.
(2) If you make ten leaves, you will miss what I can! If you put ten leaves on it, it's hard to say whether you can hit it! This story tells us that we must concentrate on one main goal when doing anything. If you are half-hearted and look around, you can't do anything.
If you kill Jiao twice, you will get a sword for it. It also waded into the river. As for the midstream, there are two jiaozi around its boat.
The second time, the boatman said, ⑥: "Who can live when you see two dumplings around the boat?" The boatman said, "I don't know." The second time, he took off his clothes, drew his sword and said, "The carrion and bones in this river are rotten! Abandon the sword for yourself, I love you! " So he went to Jiang and stabbed the dumpling, killed it and returned to the boat.
Everyone on board is alive. (Selected from "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" Volume 12 "Knowing Points") Note 1Jě ng (jρ ng): another name for the ancient Chu State.
② Ganshui: Place name, in the northwest of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. ③ On the contrary: same as "return", return, return.
④ Middle reaches: the center of the river. ⑤ Jiao: Legend has it that Jiao is a dragon and a fierce animal in the water.
6 boatman: boatman, sailor. The following is synonymous with "boatman".
7 taste: once. ⑧ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1
9 Yu Aiyan: Why should I be stingy? There was a warrior named Cifei in Chu State.
He bought a sword at work. On his way home, he crossed the river by wooden boat.
As soon as the wooden boat reached the middle of the river, two evil dumplings appeared in the river, which surrounded the wooden boat from the left and right. Xie Fei asked the boatman, "Have you ever seen two dragons circling the boat, and all the people on board survived?" The boatman replied, "I haven't seen it."
Xie Fei lifted his clothes, stretched out his arm, drew his sword and said, "This is just a pile of rotten meat and bones in the river! If I sacrifice my sword to save my life, why should I forgive it? " So he jumped into the waves, struggled desperately with the evil dumpling, killed the evil dumpling and returned to the boat. Everyone on board saved their lives.
Reading comprehension 1. Interpretation: ① Yu: In; 2 anti: the same as "back", back, back; ③ All: Save; Answer: Here we go again. If I see two jiaozi around the ship, who can live? Have you ever seen two jiaozi wrapped around a wooden boat? Can the people on board still live? The rotten meat and bones in this river are rotten! This is just a pile of carrion and bones in the river! Whether we can save the life of the whole ship depends on: a) the courage to fight and the spirit of self-sacrifice.
4. The original text of "The Patient with a Big Neck" is Nanqi of Qinshu Valley.